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| Meteorological conditions | A TROPICAL CYCLONE WILL AFFECT THE LOCALITY. Winds of 30-60 KPH may be expected in at least 36 hours or intermittent rains may be expected within 36 hours. (When the tropical cyclone develops very close to the locality a shorter lead time of the occurrence of the winds will be specified in the warning bulletin). |
| Impact of the winds | Twigs and branches of small trees may be broken; Some banana plants may be tiled or downed; Some houses of very light materials (nipa and cogon) may be partially unroofed; Unless this warning signal is upgraded during the entire existence of the tropical cyclone, only very light or no damage at all may be sustained by the exposed communities; Rice crop, however, may suffer significant damage when it is in its flowering stage. |
| Precautionary Measures | When the tropical cyclone is strong or is intensifying
and is moving closer, this signal may be upgraded to the next higher level; The waves on coastal waters may gradually develop and become bigger and higher; The people are advised to listen to the latest severe weather bulletin issued by PAGASA every six hours. In the meantime, business may be carried out as usual except when flood occur; Disaster preparedness is activated to alert status. |
| Meteorological conditions | A TROPICAL CYCLONE WILL AFFECT THE LOCALITY. Winds of greater than 60 KPH and up to 100 KPH may be expected in at least 24 hours. |
| Impact of the winds | Some coconut trees may be tilted with a few others
broken; Few big trees may be uprooted; Many banana plants my be downed; Rice and corn may be adversely affected; Large number of nipa and cogon houses may be partially or totally unroofed; Some old galvanized iron roofing may be peeled off; In general, the winds may bring light to moderate damage to the exposed communities. |
| Precautionary measures | The sea and coastal waters are dangerous to small
craft; Special attention should be given to the latest position, the direction and speed of movement and the intensity of the storm as it may intensify and move towards the locality; The general public especially people travelling by sea and air are cautioned to avoid unnecessary risks; Outdoor activities of children should be postponed; Secure properties before the signal is upgraded; Disaster preparedness agencies/organisation are in action to alert their communities. |
| Meteorological conditions | A TROPICAL CYCLONE WILL AFFECT THE LOCALITY. Winds greater than 100 KPH up to 185 KPH may be expected in at least 18 hours. |
| Impact of the winds | Many coconut trees may be broken or destroyed; Almost all banana plants may be downed and a large number of threes may be uprooted; Majority of all Nipa and Cogon houses may be unroofed or destroyed and there may be considerable damage to structures of light to medium construction; There may be widespread disruption of electrical power and communication services; In general, moderate to heavy damage may be expected, practically in the agricultural and industrial sections. |
| Precautionary measures | The disturbance is dangerous to the communities
threatened/affected; The sea and coastal waters will be very dangerous to all seacraft; Travel is very risky especially by sea and air; People are advised to seek shelter in strong buildings, evacuate low-lying areas and to stay away from the coasts and river banks; Watch out for the passage of the "eye" of the typhoon indicated by a sudden occurrence of fair weather immediately after very bad weather with very strong winds coming generally from the north; When the eye of typhoon hit the community do not venture away from the safe shelter because after one to two hours the worst weather will resume with the very strong winds coming from the south; Classes in all levels should be suspended and children should stay in the safety of strong buildings; Disaster preparedness and response agencies/organisations are in action with appropriate response to actual emergency. |
| Meteorological conditions | A VERY INTENSE TYPHOON WILL AFFECT THE LOCALITY. Very strong winds of more than 185 KPH may be expected in at least 12 hours. |
| Impact of the winds | Coconut plantation may suffer extensive damage; Many large trees may be uprooted; Rice and corn plantation may suffer severe losses; Most residential and institutional buildings of mixed construction may be severely damaged; Electrical power distribution and communications services may be severely disrupted; In the overall, damage to affected communities can be very heavy. |
| Precautionary measures | The situation is potentially very destructive to the
community; All travels and outdoor activities should be cancelled; Evacuation to much safer shelters should have been completed since it may be too late under this situation; With PSWS No. 4, the locality is very likely to be hit directly by the eye of the typhoon. As the eye of the typhoon approaches. The weather will continuously worsen with the winds increasing to its strongest coming generally from the north. Then a sudden improvement of the weather with light winds (a lull) will be experienced. This means that the eye of the typhoon is over the locality. This improved weather may last for one to two hours depending on the diameter of the eye and the speed of movement. As the eye moves out of the locality. The worst weather experienced before the lull will suddenly commence. This time the very strong winds will come generally from the south; The disaster coordinating councils concerned and other disaster response organisations are now full responding to emergencies and in full readiness to immediately respond to possible calamity. |
It is important to note that when any public storm warning signal number is hoisted or put in effect for the first time. The corresponding meteorological conditions are not yet prevailing over the locality. This is because the purpose of the signal is to warn the impending occurrence of the given meteorological conditions. It must be noted also that the approximate lead time to expect the range of wind speeds given for each signal number is valid only when the signal number is put in effect for the first time. Thus, the associated meteorological conditions are still expected in at least 36 hours when PSWS No. 1 is put in effect initially; in at least 24 hours with PSWS No. 2; in at least 18 hours with PSWS No. 3; and in at least 12 hours with PSWS No. 4. The lead time shortens correspondingly in the subsequent issues of the warning bulletin when the signal number remains in effect as the tropical cyclone comes closer.
It is also important to remember that tropical cyclones are constantly in motion; generally towards the Philippines when PAGASA is issuing the warning. Therefore, the public storm warning signal number over a threatened/affected locality may be sequentially paraded or downgraded. This means that PSWS No. 1 may be upgraded to PSWS No. 2. Then to PSWS, No. 3 and to PSWS No. 4 as necessary when a very intense typhoon is approaching or downgraded when the typhoon is moving away. However, in case of rapid improvement of the weather condition due to the considerable weakening or acceleration of speed of movement of the tropical cyclone moving away from the country, the downgrading of signal may jump one signal level. For example, PSWS no. 3 may be downgraded to PSWS No. 1 or all signals from PSWS No. 2 may be lowered.
The delineation of areas for a given signal number is based on the intensity. Size of circulation and the forecast direction and speed of movement of the tropical storm or typhoon at the time of issue of the warning bulletin. The change in intensity, size of circulation or movement of the tropical cyclone also determines the change in the PSWS number over a given locality.
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