Melbourne
Water access
Water rights, entitlements, allocations and restrictions
This note provides information about the water access rights granted by jurisdictions to the users of the region's water resources and the associated allocation announcements, diversions and forfeitures – adjustments. Information about restrictions to water access rights is also included in this note.
Information about restrictions to urban consumers is not included in this note, but rather in the Urban system, System's interactions with the region note and in the Contextual information, under Water rights, Operating rules and constraints.
The information in this note enables users to understand the nature and volumes of water rights, water allocations, water abstractions and water restrictions that relate to water assets and water liabilities of the Melbourne region in the 2010–11 year.
The 2011 Account acknowledges the varying jurisdictional legislative water resource management frameworks related to Australian rights to water that support water resource management in Australia. The jurisdictional legislative water resource management frameworks vary greatly between jurisdictions, sometimes making comparisons difficult. To facilitate meaningful comparison between the water accounting reports included in the 2011 Account, the Bureau of Meteorology has developed and applied an accounting concept to classify and report water rights within a water-asset/water-liability framework.
In the 2011 Account, the broad categories of water access entitlements relate to the capacity of an entitlement to create or not a water liability on the region's water resource and not to any jurisdictional classification.
Surface water rights are categorised broadly into:
- water right that do not create a water liability – 32.1 Other statutory surface water rights and 32.2 Surface water access entitlement for direct diversion
- water rights that do create a water liability – 32.3 Surface water access entitlement for allocation diversion.
Groundwater rights are categorised broadly into:
- water right that do not create a water liability in the region – 33.1 Other statutory groundwater rights and 33.2 Groundwater access entitlement for direct extraction
- water rights that do create a water liability in the region – 33.3 Groundwater access entitlement for allocation extraction.
In the National Water Account, Other statutory water rights are defined as water rights conferred by water legislation (a water act or water sharing plan), for which there is no individual entitlement.
Table 1 summarises, for the surface water resource, the annual volumes of the water right (entitlement on issue or estimation of the other statutory water rights), the allocations announced, the actual abstractions and use of allocation, and the forfeiture and adjustments of allocations, during the 2010–11 year.
Water rights (at 30 June 2011) |
Water allocation (2010–11) |
Water abstraction/use (2010–11) |
Forfeiture, adjustment (2010–11) |
||||
Reporting line item |
Volume (ML) |
Reporting line item |
Volume (ML) |
Reporting line item |
Volume (ML) |
Reporting line item |
Volume (ML) |
– |
n/a |
n/a |
– |
n/a |
n/a |
||
69,071 |
n/a |
n/a |
16,883 |
n/a |
n/a |
||
32.3 Surface water access entitlement for allocation diversion |
603,760 |
353,431 |
353,431 |
0 |
|||
4,825 |
235 |
235 |
0 |
||||
22,780 |
19,521 |
6,512 |
0 |
||||
Total |
700,436 |
|
373,187 |
|
390,070 |
|
0 |
– = no data available; n/a = not applicable
Note: water allocations (line item 21.2), allocation abstraction/use (line item 17.12) and forfeiture, adjustment of allocation (line item 13.2) shown in Table 1 do not appear in the water accounting statements because they are transactions that occurred within the region.
More information about the items presented in Table 1 is provided in the linked line item notes.
For groundwater, the total water allocation announcement is assumed to equal 100% of the annual entitlement.
Tables 2 summarises, for the groundwater resource, the annual volumes of the water right (entitlement on issue or estimation of the other statutory water rights), the allocations announced, the actual abstractions and use of allocation, and the forfeiture and adjustments of allocations, during the 2010–11 year.
Water rights (at 30 June 2011) |
Water allocation (2010–11) |
Water abstraction/use (2010–11) |
Forfeiture, adjustment (2010–11) |
||||
Reporting line item |
Volume (ML) |
Reporting line item |
Volume (ML) |
Reporting line item |
Volume (ML) |
Reporting line item |
Volume (ML) |
– |
n/a |
n/a |
– |
n/a |
n/a |
||
– |
n/a |
n/a |
– |
n/a |
n/a |
||
33.3 Groundwater access entitlement for allocation extraction |
40,822 |
40,822 |
10,196 |
30,626 |
|||
Total |
40,822 |
|
40,822 |
|
10,196 |
|
30,626 |
– = no data available; n/a = not applicable
More information about the items presented in Table 2 is provided in the linked line item notes.
Diversion bans
During 2010–11, bans applied to diversions from 26 unregulated streams as well as to irrigation and regulated diversions from some streams (see tables 3 and 4).
Waterway | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | |
Arundel Creek | IB | |||||||||||
Darebin Creek | ||||||||||||
Diamond Creek | IB | IB | ||||||||||
Don Creek | ||||||||||||
Gardiners Creek | ||||||||||||
Hoddles Creek | IB | IB | ||||||||||
Little Yarra River | ||||||||||||
Maribyrnong River | IB* | IB* | IB* | IB* | IB* | IB* | IB* | IB* | IB* | |||
Moonee Ponds Creek | IB | |||||||||||
Mullum Mullum Creek | ||||||||||||
Pauls Creek | IB | IB | IB | IB | IB | IB | IB | IB | IB | |||
Plenty River | ||||||||||||
Steels/Dixon Creek | IB | IB | IB | IB | IB | IB | IB | |||||
Wandin Yallock Creek | ||||||||||||
Woori Yallock Creek | ||||||||||||
Yarra River (upper) | R | |||||||||||
Yarra River (lower) | R |
R = restriction = pumping times or days restricted, in accordance with drought response plan
IB = irrigation ban
IB* = irrigation ban (winter fill)
Note: the restrictions expressed in the above table relate to the restrictions in place on the final day of the month under consideration (and do not necessarily reflect the restrictions in place over the entire month).
Waterway | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||
Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | |
Baringo Creek | IB | IB | IB | |||||||||
Bolinda Creek | IB | IB | ||||||||||
Deep Creek | IB | IB | ||||||||||
Jacksons Creek | IB | IB | IB | R | ||||||||
Kororoit Creek | IB | IB | IB | |||||||||
Lerderderg River | IB | IB | IB | |||||||||
Monbulk Creek | ||||||||||||
Riddels Creek | IB | IB | ||||||||||
Witch Creek | IB | IB | IB |
R = restriction = pumping times/days restricted, in accordance with drought response plan
IB = irrigation ban
For more information on the irrigation restrictions, please refer to the Victorian Department of Sustainability and Environment Monthly Water Reports.
Water market activity
This region note presents the volumes of water trades that occurred in the Melbourne region during the 2010–11 year. A description of water market rules is provided in the Contextual information under Trades and water rights transfers.
The following information on water trades is reported in this note:
- approved trade of surface water entitlements allocations
- impact of water trading on water assets and water liabilities.
- approved lease of surface water entitlements
- approved trade of surface water.
Groundwater trading is not presented as information was not available for the region for the 2010–11 year.
Table 5 presents a summary of surface water trade within regulated systems in the Melbourne region during the 2010–11 year. Wet conditions and high allocations reduced demand for trading across the region. Trade of surface water entitlements was very low (434 ML), as was surface water allocation trade (634 ML). There was no trade of entitlements or allocations into or out of the region.
Line item |
Volume (ML) |
Surface water entitlement trade |
|
434 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
Surface water entitlement lease |
|
– |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
Surface water allocation and tagged trade |
|
634 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
– = no data available
More information on water trading is available on the Victorian Water Register website.
Water market activities had no impact on water assets and water liabilities in the Melbourne region during the 2010–11 year, since all trade was within the region.
Water use
Environmental benefit
Information on legislative, administrative and governing arrangements of environmental water in the region is available in the Environmental water management section of the Contextual information.
In the Melbourne region, water for environmental benefit is provided by the Environmental Water Reserve. The Environmental Water Reserve comprises water that is set aside for the environment via:
- statutory environmental water entitlements – reported as Held environmental water management case
- the operation of passing flows released as a condition of consumptive bulk entitlements – reported as Planned partly regulated surface water management case
- the operation of licence conditions on consumptive bulk entitlements which have minimum passing flow requirements – reported as Planned unregulated surface water management case
- through the operation of conditions on any licence issued under a Stream Flow Management Plan which identifies environmental flow targets – reported as Planned unregulated surface water management case
The objective of the Environmental Water Reserve is to provide water to preserve and improve the environmental values and health of water ecosystems, including their biodiversity, ecological functioning and quality of water and other uses that depend on environmental condition.
For each type of environmental water management scenario, the information, if available, is structured as follows:
- Environmental water determinations – the environmental objectives. They are represented by Environmental Water Provisions (EWP) defining specific water levels and flow criteria at key representative sites and given times that the water regime provided must meet.
- Environmental water commitments – the instruments in place to achieve the environmental water determination, e.g. environmental water storage release rules, water access rules to limit abstractions, rules on diversion to wetlands and annual environmental watering plans.
- Environmental water outcomes – the water regime that were provided and the extent of the compliance with respect to the criteria set in the Environmental Water Provisions (EWP) and the environmental water commitments.
Environmental water determination
Victorian environmental water entitlements prescribe that an environmental flow regime must be adopted that describes the characteristics of recommended environmental flows for river reaches within the basin including their volume, timing, duration and rate of change.
The recommended minimum environmental flows for the Tarago and Bunyip catchments are described in Schedule 1 of the Tarago and Bunyip Rivers Environmental Entitlement 2009.
The recommended minimum environmental flows for the Yarra catchment are described in Schedule 1 of the Consolidated Yarra Environmental Entitlement 2006.
Environmental water commitmentEnvironmental entitlements are rights to water issued by the Minister for Water under section 48B of the Water Act 1989(Vic). As of July 2011, the Victorian Environmental Water Holder is responsible for coordinating the delivery of environmental water entitlements with catchment management authorities and Melbourne Water.
Currently, two environmental entitlements apply to the catchments within the Melbourne region. The Victorian Environmental water holder is entitled to
- 3,000 ML of storage capacity in the Tarago Reservoir under the Tarago and Bunyip Rivers Environmental Entitlement 2009
- 17,000 ML of storage capacity in the Melbourne headworks system reservoirs not being used by the authorities under the Consolidated Yarra Environmental Entitlement 2006
Environmental entitlements require reporting to the Environment Minister on; the annual volume of water released for the environment, the extent to which environmental flows have met the recommended environmental flow regime, and non-compliance with conditions of the entitlement
This information is reported in an annual publication entitled Environmental Watering in Victoria, which is available on the Department of Sustainability and Environments website. However, this report was not complete at the time of preparation of the 2011 Account.
Environmental water determination and commitments
Bulk entitlements that are categorised as planned partly regulated surface water are those where there is the provision to make operational releases from storages to provide minimum passing flows.
In the Melbourne region this includes bulk entitlements to water in the Bunyip/Tarago and Maribyrnong catchments (see Table 6 and 7).
Bulk entitlements outline the rules that must be followed when taking or abstracting water, including minimum passing flows that must be maintained at certain compliance points. In these entitlements, water may be released from storage to maintain minimum flows. These minimum passing flow targets are summarised by catchment in tables 6 and 7.
Maribyrnong catchment
In the case of the bulk entitlement to water in Rosslynne Reservoir, the obligation to provide storage releases to maintain minimum passing flows is on Southern Rural Water. However, all entitlement holders must not extract water if the minimum passing flow conditions are not met. The environmental determination and commitments for the Maribyrnong catchment are summarised in Table 6.
Description |
Responsible authority |
Compliance point |
Compliance conditions |
Consolidated Bulk entitlement (Maribyrnong – Melbourne Water) Conversion Order 2000 |
Western Water |
Jacksons Creek – Gisborne gauging station |
A minimum instantaneous flow of 1 ML/day & during any period described in clause 11.4, a minimum instantaneous flow of 20 ML/day |
Jacksons Creek – Sunbury gauging station |
A minimum instantaneous flow of 1 ML/day |
||
Consolidated Bulk entitlement (Maribyrnong – Western Water) Conversion Order 2000 |
Melbourne Water |
Jacksons Creek – Gisborne gauging station |
A minimum instantaneous flow of 1 ML/day & during any period described in clause 11.4, a minimum instantaneous flow of 20 ML/day |
Jacksons Creek – Sunbury gauging station |
A minimum instantaneous flow of 1 ML/day |
||
Consolidated Bulk entitlement (Maribyrnong – Southern Rural Water) Conversion Order 2000 |
Southern Rural Water |
Jacksons Creek – Gisborne gauging station |
Subject to passing flows of the lesser of 3 ML/day and the natural flow, a minimum instantaneous flow of 1 ML/day & during any period described in clause 11.4, a minimum instantaneous flow of 20 ML/day |
Jacksons Creek – Sunbury gauging station |
Subject to passing flows of the lesser of 10 ML/day and the natural flow and a minimum instantaneous flow of 1 ML/day |
||
Jacksons Creek – Keilor gauging station |
Subject to passing flows of the lesser of 5 ML/day and the natural flow |
Tarago/Bunyip catchment
The following bulk entitlements to water in the Tarago/Bunyip catchment are held:
- Bulk Entitlement (Tarago And Bunyip Rivers – Melbourne Water for City West Water Limited) Conversion Order 2009
- Bulk Entitlement (Tarago And Bunyip Rivers – Melbourne Water for South East Water Limited) Conversion Order 2009
- Bulk Entitlement (Tarago And Bunyip Rivers – Melbourne Water for Yarra Valley Water Limited) Conversion Order 2009.
The responsibility to request the storage operator to release sufficient passing flows is on Melbourne Water. Passing flows must comply with the following guidelines as detailed in clause 10:
- the average flow on any day is to be no less than 80% of the passing flow
- the total flow over any continuous seven day period is to be not less than the sum of the passing flows for each day over the same period
- over any continuous 12 month period, the passing flow is to be provided 90% of the time.
The minimum passing flows for the Bunyip/Tarago bulk entitlements are summarised in the Table 7.
Compliance point |
Passing flow (all flows are minimum instantaneous values) |
Neerim South gauging station |
The lesser of 5 ML/day and the flow entering the reservoir |
Tarago River at Tarago weir |
Between May to October:
|
Between November to April:
|
|
Bunyip River at Bunyip weir |
Between May to October:
|
Between November to April:
|
Environmental water outcomes
In accordance with clauses entitled reporting requirements, the bulk entitlement holder or responsible authority must submit to the Minister for Water a report detailing their compliance with the conditions of the entitlement (in particular the passing flows) during the year. Information regarding compliance with bulk entitlement conditions was not available at the time the 2011 Account was published.
Environmental water determination and commitments
Bulk entitlements that are categorised as planned unregulated surface water are those where abstraction is only permitted when minimum passing flow conditions are met. In the Melbourne region this includes bulk entitlements to water in the Werribee, Yarra and Maribyrnong Catchments.
Bulk entitlements outline the rules that must be followed when abstracting water, including minimum passing flows that must be maintained at certain compliance points. For these entitlements water may not be abstracted, or abstracted at a reduced rate where minimum passing flows are not maintained. These minimum passing flow targets are summarised by catchment in tables 8 to 10.
Maribyrnong catchment
Description |
Responsible authority |
Compliance point |
Compliance conditions |
Bulk entitlement (Gisborne - Barringo Creek) Conversion Order 2004 |
Western Water |
Baringo Creek at Gisborne diversion weir |
Water can not be abstracted when passing flows range from 0 to 0.4 ML/day |
Water can only be abstracted between June and October when passing flows range from 0.4 to 6.4 ML/day at a rate of 0.67*(Flow–0.4) ML/day |
|||
Water can only be abstracted between June and October when passing flows are > 6.4 ML/day at a rate of 4 ML/day |
|||
Western Water |
Monument Creek – Lancefield diversion weir |
Minimum passing flow of 0.6 ML/day |
|
Bulk Entitlement (Macedon and Mount Macedon) Conversion Order 2004 |
Western Water |
Bawden Road Spring |
Water can only be abstracted between May and November subject to storage capacity >60% and instantaneous flows at Riddells Creek gauging station are 10 ML/day in May & >30 ML/day in November |
Railway Creek |
|||
Turritable Creek |
|||
Willimigongon Creek |
|||
Railway Creek – immediately upstream of Kitty English Reservoir tail water |
Minimum passing flow of 0.2 ML/day |
||
Willimigongon Creek – Anzac Road gauging station |
Minimum passing flow of 0.7 ML/day |
||
Bulk entitlement (Riddells Creek) Conversion Order 2001 |
Western Water |
No information available |
|
Bulk entitlement (Romsey) Conversion Order 2001 |
Western Water |
Bolinda Creek weir |
Water can be abstracted at a rate of 0.5*Flow ML/day when passing flows range from 0 to 4.4 ML/day |
Water can be abstracted at a rate of Flow–3 ML/day when passing flows range from 4.4 to 11.1 ML/day |
|||
Water can be abstracted at a rate of Flow–3.3 ML/day when passing flows range from 11 to 16.4 ML/day |
|||
Water can be abstracted at a rate of Flow–3.6 ML/ day when passing flows range from 16.4 to 22.7 ML/day |
|||
Water can be abstracted at a rate of Flow–3.8 ML/day when passing flows range from >22.7 ML/day |
|||
Water can be abstracted at a rate of 32 ML/day when passing flows range from >35.8 ML/day |
Werribee catchment
Description |
Responsible authority |
Compliance point |
Compliance conditions |
Bulk Entitlement (Werribee System Irrigation) Conversion Order 1997 |
Southern Rural Water |
Werribee River below Upper Werribee diversion weir |
Minimum passing flow of the lesser of 5 ML/day and the natural flow |
Werribee River below Bacchus Marsh diversion weir |
Minimum passing flow of the lesser of 12 ML/day and the natural flow |
||
Werribee River below Melton Reservoir |
Minimum passing flow during the period May to August of:
|
||
Lerderderg River below Lerderderg diversion weir |
Minimum passing flow of 30 ML/day during December – June |
||
Minimum passing flow of 50 ML/day during July to November |
|||
During August to October either:
|
|||
Lerderderg River below the confluence with Goodman Creek |
Minimum passing flow of 38 ML/day during December to June |
||
Minimum passing flow of 60 ML/day during July to November |
|||
minimum passing flow of 100 ML/day during August to October |
|||
Goodman Creek below Goodman Creek diversion weir |
minimum passing flow of the lesser of 2.5 ML/day and the natural flow |
||
Coimadai Creek downstream of Lake Merrimu |
Minimum passing flow of the lesser of 2 ML/day and the natural flow |
||
Werribee River below Werribee River diversion weir |
Minimum passing flow of 10 ML/day if the declared seasonal allocation for the Werribee Irrigation District exceeds 130% of the water right |
||
Minimum passing flow of 1 ML/day (averaged over a seven day period) if the declared seasonal allocation for the Werribee Irrigation District is equal to or less than 130% of the water right |
|||
Bulk Entitlement (Werribee System - Western Water) Conversion Order 2004 |
Western Water |
Downstream of Djerriwarrh Reservoir |
Minimum passing flow at an instantaneous rate of the lesser of 1.5 ML/day and the natural flow |
Yarra catchment
Environmental flow requirements for the bulk entitlements to water from the Yarra River are detailed in the State Environment Protection Policy and the Yarra environmental entitlement as summarised in Table 10.
Location |
Environmental flows |
Yarra River – Yering pumps gauging station |
As detailed in State Environment Protection Policy – Waters of Victoria Schedule F7: Passing flows of 245 ML/day |
Multiple points throughout Yarra catchment |
As detailed in clause 16 and schedule 1 of the Yarra Environmental Entitlement |
Environmental water outcomes
In accordance with clauses entitled reporting requirements, the bulk entitlement holder or responsible authority must submit to the Minister for Water a report detailing their compliance with the conditions of the entitlement (in particular the passing flows) during the year.
Environmental water determination and commitment
Stream flow management plans (SFMP) prescribe how water will be shared between users and the environment in an equitable manner to ensure the long-term sustainability of the resource. Broadly, the objectives of SFMPs are to determine water users' reasonable access to water through a permissible annual volume (PAV), while preserving environmental flows and protecting environmental values. Specific objectives are detailed in Schedule two of each of the SFMPs.
SFMPs currently apply to six water supply protection areas within the Yarra River catchment and are managed by Melbourne Water (see Table 11).
SFMPs outline the rules that licence holders must follow when abstracting water, including minimum passing flows that must be maintained to meet environmental flow targets. These are summarised in Table 11 and can also be found in each SFMP.
Streamflow management plans |
Location |
Licence conditions for maintaining environmental flows |
Hurstbridge gauging station |
Users must not abstract water if average (across a seven-day period) streamflow is <1.5 ML/day between 1 November and 30 June |
|
Users must not abstract water if average (across a seven-day period) streamflow is <13 ML/day between 1 July and 31 October |
||
Users must not abstract water if daily streamflow is <9 ML/day between 1 July and 31 October |
||
Launching Place |
Users must not abstract water if average (across a seven-day period) streamflow is <5 ML/day between 1 December and 31 May November and 30 June |
|
Users must not abstract water if average (across a seven-day period) streamflow is <10 ML/day between 1 June and 20 October |
||
Users must not abstract water if average (across a seven-day period) streamflow is <6.9 ML/day any day in November |
||
York Road gauging station |
Users must not abstract water in the upper catchment if streamflow is <4.5 ML/day between 1 January and 31 March |
|
Users must not abstract water in the upper catchment if stream flow is <6 ML/day between 1 November and 31 December and 1 April and 30 June |
||
Users must not abstract water in the upper catchment if streamflow is <12 ML/day between 1 July and 31 October |
||
McIntyre Lane gauging station |
Users must not abstract water in the lower catchment if streamflow is <12 ML/day between 1 November and 30 June |
|
Users must not abstract water in the lower catchment if streamflow is <16.6 ML/day between 1 July and 31 October |
||
Mernda gauging station |
Users must not abstract water if average (across a seven day period) streamflow is <1.5 ML/day between December 1 and 31 May |
|
Users must not abstract water if average (across a seven-day period) streamflow is <2 ML/day between 1 June and 30 November |
||
Steels Creek gauging station |
Users must not abstract water from Steels Creek and Dixons Creek if daily streamflow is <7 ML/day between 1 June and 30 November |
|
Pauls Creek gauging station |
Users must not abstract water from Pauls Creek if daily streamflow is <5 ML/day between 1 June and 30 November |
|
Clegg Road gauging station |
Users located above Clegg Road must not abstract water if streamflow is <1.5 ML/day between 1 November and 30 June |
|
Users located above Clegg Road must not abstract water if streamflow is <4.3 ML/day between 1 July and 30 June |
||
Users located below Clegg Road must not abstract water if streamflow is <8 ML/day between 1 July and 31 October |
Environmental water outcomes
In accordance with section 32C of the Water Act 1989 (Victoria), Melbourne Water (responsible for administering and enforcing the SFMP) must submit to the Minister for Water a report detailing their compliance with the SFMP during the 2010–11 year. These reports can be found on the Melbourne Water website; however, they were not completed at the time the 2011 Account was published.