Latest Weather Observations for Murrurundi Gap

IDN60801

Issued at 6:43 am EDT Wednesday 26 November 2025 (issued every 10 minutes, with the page automatically refreshed every 10 minutes)

About weather observations | Map of weather stations | Latest weather observations for NSW | Other Formats
Station Details ID: 061392 Name: MURRURUNDI GAP AWS Lat: -31.74 Lon: 150.79 Height: 729.4 m
Data from the previous 72 hours. | See also: Recent months at Murrurundi Gap
Date/Time
EDT		 Temp
°C		 App
Temp
°C		 Dew
Point
°C		 Rel
Hum
%		 Delta-T
°C		 Wind Press
QNH
hPa		 Press
MSL
hPa		 Rain since
9am
mm
Dir  Spd
km/h		 Gust
km/h		 Spd
kts		 Gust
kts
26/06:30am 18.2 15.4 13.3 73 2.9 NW 20 24 11 13 1007.2 1004.0 5.8
26/06:00am 18.5 14.9 12.9 70 3.3 NW 24 28 13 15 1007.0 1003.8 5.8
26/05:30am 19.1 16.2 12.8 67 3.7 WNW 20 24 11 13 1006.5 1003.4 5.8
26/05:00am 19.2 15.7 13.4 69 3.4 NW 24 28 13 15 1006.1 1002.9 5.8
26/04:30am 19.4 16.8 13.1 67 3.7 WNW 19 24 10 13 1006.0 1002.8 5.8
26/04:00am 18.2 15.8 13.9 76 2.6 WNW 19 26 10 14 1006.0 1002.8 5.8
26/03:30am 16.9 14.5 14.5 86 1.4 NW 20 24 11 13 1006.3 1003.2 5.8
26/03:00am 17.3 14.9 14.4 83 1.7 NW 20 24 11 13 1006.2 1003.1 5.8
26/02:30am 17.0 14.7 14.6 86 1.4 NW 20 26 11 14 1006.3 1003.2 5.8
26/02:00am 17.1 14.1 14.7 86 1.4 NW 24 28 13 15 1006.2 1003.1 5.8
26/01:30am 17.1 14.9 14.9 87 1.3 NW 20 24 11 13 1006.0 1002.8 5.8
26/01:00am 17.3 14.4 15.1 87 1.3 NW 24 32 13 17 1006.2 1003.1 5.8
26/12:30am 17.5 14.5 14.8 84 1.6 NW 24 30 13 16 1007.0 1003.8 5.8
26/12:00am 17.7 14.3 14.8 83 1.7 NW 26 35 14 19 1006.7 1003.6 5.8
 
Date/Time
EDT		 Temp
°C		 App
Temp
°C		 Dew
Point
°C		 Rel
Hum
%		 Delta-T
°C		 Wind Press
QNH
hPa		 Press
MSL
hPa		 Rain since
9am
mm
Dir  Spd
km/h		 Gust
km/h		 Spd
kts		 Gust
kts
25/11:30pm 17.7 15.0 14.6 82 1.9 NW 22 24 12 13 1006.8 1003.7 5.8
25/11:00pm 19.4 18.6 14.0 71 3.2 WSW 11 15 6 8 1006.7 1003.6 5.8
25/10:30pm 19.3 17.1 14.3 73 3.0 ESE 19 32 10 17 1006.8 1003.7 5.8
25/10:00pm 19.3 15.9 14.8 75 2.7 NNW 26 39 14 21 1007.4 1004.2 5.8
25/09:30pm 18.3 16.5 15.6 84 1.6 NW 19 30 10 16 1008.1 1005.0 5.6
25/09:00pm 18.1 16.3 15.9 87 1.3 WNW 20 26 11 14 1008.8 1005.7 5.6
25/08:30pm 17.9 13.3 16.2 90 1.0 NW 35 46 19 25 1008.8 1005.7 5.6
25/08:00pm 19.0 13.2 15.9 82 1.9 NW 41 63 22 34 1008.5 1005.3 5.6
25/07:55pm 19.2 14.7 15.5 79 2.3 NW 33 59 18 32 1008.1 1005.0 5.6
25/07:52pm 19.0 15.4 15.3 79 2.2 NW 28 41 15 22 1008.0 1004.9 5.6
25/07:30pm 21.1 20.7 12.3 57 5.1 ESE 6 13 3 7 1006.8 1003.7 5.6
25/07:00pm 18.6 17.8 15.1 80 2.1 ESE 13 15 7 8 1005.6 1002.4 5.6
25/06:30pm 18.3 17.8 15.9 86 1.5 ESE 13 17 7 9 1006.0 1002.8 5.6
25/06:00pm 20.4 18.7 13.6 65 4.1 ENE 15 22 8 12 1005.7 1002.5 5.6
25/05:52pm 20.4 18.5 14.3 68 3.7 E 17 22 9 12 1007.0 1003.8 5.6
25/05:30pm 19.0 17.9 14.3 74 2.8 SE 13 17 7 9 1009.0 1005.9 5.2
25/05:00pm 18.1 16.5 15.0 82 1.9 ESE 17 26 9 14 1008.9 1005.8 4.8
25/04:46pm 18.6 17.1 14.3 76 2.6 WNW 15 22 8 12 1009.1 1006.0 4.4
25/04:44pm 19.0 17.0 13.8 72 3.1 NW 17 30 9 16 1009.1 1006.0 4.0
25/04:30pm 19.4 16.8 13.3 68 3.6 NNW 19 26 10 14 1009.5 1006.4 2.6
25/04:20pm 20.2 17.7 13.4 65 4.0 SE 19 41 10 22 1009.0 1005.9 1.6
25/04:04pm 21.8 16.4 12.1 54 5.6 S 32 48 17 26 1007.3 1004.1 1.0
25/04:00pm 21.9 16.4 11.9 53 5.8 S 32 48 17 26 1006.8 1003.7 1.0
25/03:55pm 22.4 17.6 11.8 51 6.2 SSE 28 48 15 26 1006.5 1003.4 0.8
25/03:40pm 20.4 13.1 12.9 62 4.4 S 43 76 23 41 1006.2 1003.1 0.8
25/03:32pm 19.4 9.9 12.4 64 4.1 SSW 54 91 29 49 1005.9 1002.7 0.6
25/03:30pm 20.3 10.1 12.0 59 4.8 SSW 57 91 31 49 1005.3 1002.2 0.2
25/03:22pm 22.4 13.1 12.9 55 5.6 SW 54 80 29 43 1004.9 1001.7 0.0
25/03:10pm 26.8 20.2 11.3 38 9.1 W 37 78 20 42 1004.7 1001.5 0.0
25/03:07pm 28.4 22.3 10.6 33 10.4 WNW 33 78 18 42 1003.3 1000.1 0.0
25/03:06pm 29.4 23.3 10.5 31 11.1 NW 33 78 18 42 1003.3 1000.1 0.0
25/03:02pm 31.5 25.3 11.3 29 12.1 NW 35 54 19 29 1003.4 1000.2 0.0
25/03:00pm 31.6 24.5 10.9 28 12.4 NW 39 54 21 29 1003.3 1000.1 0.0
25/02:56pm 31.7 24.6 11.0 28 12.4 NW 39 54 21 29 1003.2 1000.0 0.0
25/02:30pm 31.7 23.8 11.5 29 12.1 NW 44 59 24 32 1003.0 999.8 0.0
25/02:01pm 32.4 24.3 12.1 29 12.4 NW 46 65 25 35 1003.7 1000.5 0.0
25/02:00pm 32.4 23.9 12.1 29 12.4 NW 48 65 26 35 1003.7 1000.5 0.0
25/01:41pm 32.5 25.4 12.2 29 12.4 NW 41 63 22 34 1003.8 1000.7 0.0
25/01:30pm 32.9 25.1 13.0 29 12.3 NW 46 61 25 33 1003.9 1000.8 0.0
25/01:00pm 31.6 25.6 13.4 33 11.3 NW 37 57 20 31 1004.5 1001.3 0.0
25/12:48pm 31.0 25.3 14.2 36 10.5 NW 37 57 20 31 1005.0 1001.9 0.0
25/12:30pm 30.8 24.0 14.4 36 10.3 NW 43 56 23 30 1005.2 1002.1 0.0
25/12:12pm 29.8 23.0 14.4 39 9.6 NW 43 61 23 33 1005.2 1002.1 0.0
25/12:00pm 29.5 23.3 14.9 41 9.2 NW 41 54 22 29 1005.6 1002.4 0.0
25/11:30am 28.8 23.5 15.3 43 8.5 NW 37 52 20 28 1006.3 1003.2 0.0
25/11:00am 28.3 22.9 15.9 47 7.9 NW 39 52 21 28 1006.5 1003.4 0.0
25/10:36am 27.0 20.6 15.4 49 7.3 NW 43 61 23 33 1006.4 1003.3 0.0
25/10:30am 27.5 21.1 15.5 48 7.5 NW 43 57 23 31 1007.0 1003.8 0.0
25/10:00am 26.6 20.4 15.9 51 6.8 NW 43 54 23 29 1007.0 1003.8 0.0
25/09:46am 26.3 20.6 16.3 54 6.3 NW 41 59 22 32 1007.4 1004.2 0.0
25/09:30am 25.6 20.5 15.9 55 6.1 WNW 37 46 20 25 1007.3 1004.1 0.0
25/09:00am 25.0 19.8 15.6 56 5.9 NW 37 48 20 26 1007.4 1004.2 0.0
25/08:30am 23.6 19.9 15.9 62 4.8 NW 30 37 16 20 1008.0 1004.9 0.0
25/08:00am 21.7 18.4 15.1 66 4.0 NW 26 32 14 17 1008.3 1005.2 0.0
25/07:30am 22.0 18.7 14.9 64 4.3 NW 26 33 14 18 1008.2 1005.1 0.0
25/07:00am 21.6 19.3 14.7 65 4.2 NW 20 28 11 15 1008.2 1005.1 0.0
25/06:30am 21.4 18.9 14.1 63 4.4 NNW 20 26 11 14 1007.8 1004.7 0.0
25/06:27am 21.0 18.8 14.4 66 4.0 NW 19 22 10 12 1007.8 1004.7 0.0
25/06:05am 16.0 16.7 15.7 98 0.2 ESE 6 11 3 6 1008.0 1004.9 0.0
25/06:00am 15.2 15.5 15.0 99 0.1 SE 7 11 4 6 1007.8 1004.7 0.0
25/05:49am 14.5 13.0 14.3 99 0.1 ESE 15 19 8 10 1007.6 1004.5 0.0
25/05:30am 14.4 11.9 14.2 99 0.1 ESE 20 24 11 13 1007.4 1004.2 0.0
25/05:00am 14.4 10.8 14.2 99 0.1 ESE 26 30 14 16 1007.7 1004.6 0.0
25/04:30am 14.4 10.0 14.2 99 0.1 SE 30 35 16 19 1007.6 1004.5 0.0
25/04:00am 14.4 8.7 14.2 99 0.1 SE 37 41 20 22 1007.4 1004.2 0.0
25/03:57am 14.4 9.1 14.2 99 0.1 SE 35 41 19 22 1007.4 1004.2 0.0
25/03:42am 14.5 9.2 14.3 99 0.1 SE 35 39 19 21 1007.4 1004.2 0.0
25/03:30am 14.4 9.5 14.2 99 0.1 SE 33 41 18 22 1007.4 1004.2 0.0
25/03:00am 14.3 9.3 14.1 99 0.1 SE 33 39 18 21 1007.0 1003.8 0.0
25/02:30am 14.4 10.0 14.1 98 0.2 SE 30 33 16 18 1006.7 1003.6 0.0
25/02:28am 14.4 10.0 14.1 98 0.2 SE 30 33 16 18 1006.7 1003.6 0.0
25/02:13am 14.5 10.1 14.2 98 0.2 ESE 30 35 16 19 1007.1 1003.9 0.0
25/02:01am 14.6 10.7 14.3 98 0.2 SE 28 33 15 18 1007.2 1004.0 0.0
25/02:00am 14.6 10.7 14.3 98 0.2 SE 28 32 15 17 1007.2 1004.0 0.0
25/01:30am 15.1 11.5 14.1 94 0.6 SE 26 30 14 16 1007.2 1004.0 0.0
25/01:00am 15.5 11.2 14.4 93 0.7 SE 30 35 16 19 1007.3 1004.1 0.0
25/12:30am 15.9 11.6 14.3 90 0.9 SE 30 35 16 19 1007.4 1004.2 0.0
25/12:00am 16.9 13.0 14.5 86 1.4 SE 28 35 15 19 1007.3 1004.1 0.0
 
Date/Time
EDT		 Temp
°C		 App
Temp
°C		 Dew
Point
°C		 Rel
Hum
%		 Delta-T
°C		 Wind Press
QNH
hPa		 Press
MSL
hPa		 Rain since
9am
mm
Dir  Spd
km/h		 Gust
km/h		 Spd
kts		 Gust
kts
24/11:30pm 16.9 13.0 14.5 86 1.4 SE 28 32 15 17 1007.7 1004.6 0.0
24/11:00pm 17.6 14.2 14.7 83 1.7 SE 26 32 14 17 1007.6 1004.5 0.0
24/10:30pm 18.7 14.9 14.8 78 2.3 SE 28 35 15 19 1007.7 1004.6 0.0
24/10:00pm 19.8 16.1 15.0 74 2.9 SE 28 33 15 18 1007.7 1004.6 0.0
24/09:30pm 21.0 16.6 15.1 69 3.6 SSE 32 39 17 21 1007.5 1004.4 0.0
24/09:00pm 22.1 18.1 15.2 65 4.2 SSE 30 35 16 19 1007.2 1004.0 0.0
24/08:30pm 23.0 20.5 15.1 61 4.9 SE 22 32 12 17 1006.8 1003.7 0.0
24/08:00pm 23.3 21.2 15.1 60 5.1 SSE 20 30 11 16 1006.6 1003.5 0.0
24/07:30pm 24.8 22.9 15.1 54 6.0 SE 19 28 10 15 1006.5 1003.4 0.0
24/07:00pm 26.3 24.2 14.7 48 7.2 SSE 19 24 10 13 1006.1 1002.9 0.0
24/06:30pm 27.6 25.0 13.9 43 8.4 SSE 20 28 11 15 1006.0 1002.8 0.0
24/06:00pm 29.2 26.7 13.4 38 9.7 SSE 19 26 10 14 1005.8 1002.6 0.0
24/05:30pm 30.3 27.1 11.3 31 11.3 SE 19 30 10 16 1005.5 1002.3 0.0
24/05:00pm 31.9 29.0 8.2 23 13.6 WSW 13 24 7 13 1005.3 1002.2 0.0
24/04:30pm 31.5 28.1 9.1 25 13.0 W 17 30 9 16 1005.6 1002.4 0.0
24/04:00pm 32.4 30.3 9.9 25 13.3 WNW 11 17 6 9 1005.8 1002.6 0.0
24/03:30pm 31.5 30.1 12.3 31 11.7 SSE 11 17 6 9 1005.9 1002.7 0.0
24/03:00pm 31.8 30.1 9.9 26 12.9 WNW 9 24 5 13 1006.0 1002.8 0.0
24/02:30pm 31.3 28.4 9.5 26 12.7 SW 15 20 8 11 1006.4 1003.3 0.0
24/02:00pm 31.0 28.1 9.8 27 12.4 W 15 30 8 16 1006.7 1003.6 0.0
24/01:30pm 30.7 27.4 9.6 27 12.3 WSW 17 26 9 14 1007.2 1004.0 0.0
24/01:00pm 30.4 26.7 9.3 27 12.2 W 19 26 10 14 1007.6 1004.5 0.0
24/12:30pm 29.7 28.4 9.8 29 11.6 NNE 7 17 4 9 1008.0 1004.9 0.0
24/12:00pm 29.3 27.8 13.1 37 9.9 ESE 13 22 7 12 1008.2 1005.1 0.0
24/11:30am 28.1 26.4 12.5 38 9.4 ESE 13 19 7 10 1008.6 1005.4 0.0
24/11:00am 26.5 24.9 13.9 45 7.7 ESE 15 20 8 11 1008.8 1005.7 0.0
24/10:30am 26.0 24.3 13.5 46 7.6 ESE 15 19 8 10 1009.1 1006.0 0.0
24/10:00am 24.1 22.4 13.6 52 6.3 ESE 15 20 8 11 1009.2 1006.1 0.0
24/09:30am 23.7 22.8 13.6 53 6.1 ESE 11 15 6 8 1009.2 1006.1 0.0
24/09:00am 22.5 20.4 12.4 52 5.9 ESE 15 17 8 9 1009.4 1006.3 0.2
24/08:30am 20.9 18.9 12.6 59 4.9 ESE 15 17 8 9 1009.2 1006.1 0.2
24/08:00am 19.3 17.3 12.8 66 3.8 ESE 15 17 8 9 1009.1 1006.0 0.2
24/07:30am 17.9 15.4 13.4 75 2.6 ESE 19 20 10 11 1009.0 1005.9 0.2
24/07:00am 16.8 14.5 12.9 78 2.3 ESE 17 19 9 10 1008.8 1005.7 0.2
24/06:30am 16.4 13.9 12.2 76 2.4 ESE 17 20 9 11 1008.6 1005.4 0.2
24/06:00am 15.8 12.4 10.6 71 2.9 SE 19 20 10 11 1008.5 1005.3 0.2
24/05:30am 15.9 12.9 9.3 65 3.5 SE 15 19 8 10 1008.3 1005.2 0.2
24/05:00am 19.1 16.3 8.7 51 5.6 ESE 13 15 7 8 1008.1 1005.0 0.2
24/04:30am 18.6 15.5 8.8 53 5.3 ESE 15 19 8 10 1008.1 1005.0 0.2
24/04:00am 21.9 19.4 8.1 41 7.5 ESE 11 15 6 8 1008.0 1004.9 0.2
24/03:30am 19.5 16.4 8.8 50 5.8 ESE 15 20 8 11 1007.6 1004.5 0.2
24/03:00am 22.0 19.8 7.8 40 7.7 SSE 9 13 5 7 1008.2 1005.1 0.2
24/02:30am 22.7 22.2 7.7 38 8.1 CALM 0 7 0 4 1008.7 1005.6 0.2
24/02:00am 23.0 20.8 7.9 38 8.2 ESE 9 13 5 7 1008.9 1005.8 0.2
24/01:30am 23.1 20.6 8.0 38 8.2 ESE 11 13 6 7 1009.1 1006.0 0.2
24/01:00am 23.0 20.1 8.3 39 8.1 ESE 13 15 7 8 1009.2 1006.1 0.2
24/12:30am 23.0 20.0 7.9 38 8.2 ESE 13 15 7 8 1009.4 1006.3 0.2
24/12:00am 23.6 20.7 8.1 37 8.5 ESE 13 17 7 9 1009.7 1006.6 0.2
 
Date/Time
EDT		 Temp
°C		 App
Temp
°C		 Dew
Point
°C		 Rel
Hum
%		 Delta-T
°C		 Wind Press
QNH
hPa		 Press
MSL
hPa		 Rain since
9am
mm
Dir  Spd
km/h		 Gust
km/h		 Spd
kts		 Gust
kts
23/11:30pm 23.5 21.3 8.0 37 8.5 SE 9 15 5 8 1009.9 1006.7 0.2
23/11:00pm 24.3 21.7 7.9 35 9.0 S 11 17 6 9 1010.0 1006.9 0.2
23/10:30pm 24.8 21.5 7.9 34 9.3 SSW 15 19 8 10 1009.9 1006.7 0.2
23/10:00pm 25.3 21.5 7.4 32 9.8 SW 17 20 9 11 1009.6 1006.5 0.2
23/09:30pm 24.9 22.7 8.0 34 9.3 WSW 9 15 5 8 1009.4 1006.3 0.2
23/09:00pm 25.3 22.4 8.3 34 9.5 SW 13 17 7 9 1009.3 1006.2 0.2
23/08:30pm 25.6 22.8 8.6 34 9.5 SW 13 19 7 10 1009.1 1006.0 0.2
23/08:00pm 25.4 23.3 8.4 34 9.5 WSW 9 15 5 8 1008.9 1005.8 0.2
23/07:30pm 26.4 23.2 8.4 32 10.1 W 15 22 8 12 1008.6 1005.4 0.2
23/07:00pm 27.4 23.8 8.3 30 10.7 W 17 24 9 13 1008.3 1005.2 0.2
23/06:30pm 28.1 23.8 7.9 28 11.3 W 20 39 11 21 1008.1 1005.0 0.2
23/06:00pm 28.1 23.6 8.4 29 11.1 W 22 39 12 21 1008.0 1004.9 0.2
23/05:30pm 28.8 22.4 8.5 28 11.5 W 32 46 17 25 1008.0 1004.9 0.2
23/05:25pm 28.6 21.8 7.8 27 11.6 W 33 50 18 27 1007.9 1004.8 0.2
23/05:02pm 28.2 22.4 8.0 28 11.3 W 28 52 15 28 1007.7 1004.6 0.2
23/05:00pm 28.6 23.7 8.3 28 11.5 W 24 50 13 27 1007.8 1004.7 0.2
23/04:30pm 29.1 23.8 9.8 30 11.2 WSW 28 52 15 28 1007.9 1004.8 0.2
23/04:29pm 28.8 22.9 9.0 29 11.3 WSW 30 52 16 28 1007.8 1004.7 0.2
23/04:15pm 28.3 23.2 9.1 30 11.0 WSW 26 43 14 23 1008.1 1005.0 0.2
23/04:06pm 29.3 23.5 9.4 29 11.5 W 30 57 16 31 1008.1 1005.0 0.2
23/04:03pm 29.6 24.1 9.2 28 11.7 W 28 50 15 27 1007.9 1004.8 0.2
23/04:00pm 29.6 24.0 10.2 30 11.4 WSW 30 48 16 26 1008.2 1005.1 0.2
23/03:39pm 29.5 23.6 10.6 31 11.1 WSW 32 52 17 28 1008.1 1005.0 0.2
23/03:30pm 29.6 24.7 11.2 32 10.9 WSW 28 43 15 23 1008.6 1005.4 0.2
23/03:00pm 29.2 24.7 11.3 33 10.6 WSW 26 41 14 22 1009.0 1005.9 0.2
23/02:40pm 27.0 22.4 12.3 40 8.8 NW 28 46 15 25 1008.9 1005.8 0.2
23/02:30pm 28.0 23.7 13.1 39 9.1 NW 28 43 15 23 1009.0 1005.9 0.2
23/02:00pm 27.3 23.5 14.7 46 7.8 NNW 28 35 15 19 1009.3 1006.2 0.2
23/01:30pm 25.9 20.0 13.7 47 7.4 NW 37 50 20 27 1009.4 1006.3 0.2
23/01:09pm 25.8 21.4 15.2 52 6.6 NW 32 50 17 27 1010.0 1006.9 0.2
23/01:00pm 26.0 20.5 15.7 53 6.5 NW 39 50 21 27 1009.9 1006.7 0.2
23/12:30pm 24.5 20.5 15.1 55 5.8 NW 30 41 16 22 1010.6 1007.5 0.2
23/12:00pm 23.7 19.1 15.2 59 5.3 NW 33 46 18 25 1011.1 1008.1 0.2
23/11:30am 24.2 19.1 15.9 59 5.2 NW 37 52 20 28 1011.4 1008.3 0.2
23/11:00am 22.9 17.8 15.7 64 4.5 NW 37 46 20 25 1011.6 1008.5 0.0
23/10:30am 22.2 16.8 16.0 68 3.9 NW 39 46 21 25 1012.0 1008.9 0.0
23/10:00am 21.7 17.7 16.2 71 3.4 NW 32 39 17 21 1012.3 1009.3 0.0
23/09:30am 21.3 17.1 15.8 71 3.4 NW 32 39 17 21 1012.2 1009.1 0.0
23/09:00am 20.2 16.1 16.0 77 2.6 NW 32 39 17 21 1012.5 1009.5 0.4
23/08:30am 19.4 15.2 15.7 79 2.3 NW 32 37 17 20 1012.5 1009.5 0.4
23/08:00am 18.5 15.8 15.7 84 1.7 NW 24 28 13 15 1012.7 1009.7 0.4
23/07:30am 17.8 15.9 15.8 88 1.2 NW 20 24 11 13 1013.0 1009.9 0.4
23/07:00am 17.8 15.0 15.4 86 1.5 NW 24 30 13 16 1012.4 1009.4 0.4

Other formats

Comma delimited format used in spreadsheet applications
http://www.bom.gov.au/fwo/IDN60801/IDN60801.95747.axf

JavaScript Object Notation format (JSON) in row-major order
http://www.bom.gov.au/fwo/IDN60801/IDN60801.95747.json

Data quality

Most of these data are generated automatically and are frequently updated. Quality checks on data are not normally performed. It is possible for incorrect values to appear. Refer to information at About Latest Weather Observations and please check the disclaimer before using these data.