Latest Coastal Weather Observations for Cape Moreton
Issued at 5:52 pm EST Wednesday 8 April 2026 (issued every 10 minutes, with the page automatically refreshed every 10 minutes)
| Station Details | ID: 040043 | Name: CAPE MORETON LIGHTHOUSE | Lat: -27.03 | Lon: 153.47 | Height: 99.9 m |
| Date/Time EST |
Wind | Sea Height m |
Swell | Vis km |
Cloud | Weather | Temp °C |
Press MSL hPa |
Rain since 9am mm |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dir | Spd kts |
Gust kts |
Height m |
Period s |
Dir | |||||||||
| 08/05:30pm | NNE | 12 | 15 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.1 | 1014.6 | 0.0 | |
| 08/05:00pm | NNE | 10 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.4 | 1014.6 | 0.0 | |
| 08/04:30pm | NNE | 11 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.6 | 1014.4 | 0.0 | |
| 08/04:00pm | NNE | 9 | 12 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 25.0 | 1014.2 | 0.0 | |
| 08/03:30pm | NNE | 9 | 12 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 25.4 | 1014.0 | 0.0 | |
| 08/03:00pm | NNE | 7 | 10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 26.1 | 1014.0 | 0.0 | |
| 08/02:30pm | NNE | 7 | 10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 26.3 | 1014.0 | 0.0 | |
| 08/02:00pm | N | 8 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 26.1 | 1014.1 | 0.0 | |
| 08/01:30pm | N | 8 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 26.1 | 1014.1 | 0.0 | |
| 08/01:00pm | N | 8 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 26.6 | 1014.5 | 0.0 | |
| 08/12:30pm | N | 7 | 10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 25.1 | 1014.9 | 0.0 | |
| 08/12:00pm | NNW | 7 | 9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 25.1 | 1015.3 | 0.0 | |
| 08/11:30am | NNW | 7 | 10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.9 | 1015.7 | 0.0 | |
| 08/11:00am | NNW | 7 | 9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.5 | 1016.1 | 0.0 | |
| 08/10:30am | NW | 6 | 8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.8 | 1016.4 | 0.0 | |
| 08/10:00am | WNW | 7 | 9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.2 | 1016.4 | 0.0 | |
| 08/09:30am | WNW | 6 | 9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.4 | 1016.4 | 0.0 | |
| 08/09:00am | WNW | 5 | 7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.3 | 1016.4 | 0.0 | |
| 08/08:30am | W | 5 | 8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.7 | 1016.3 | 0.0 | |
| 08/08:00am | NW | 6 | 9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.7 | 1016.1 | 0.0 | |
| 08/07:30am | NW | 7 | 9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.5 | 1015.9 | 0.0 | |
| 08/07:00am | NNW | 7 | 9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.0 | 1015.8 | 0.0 | |
| 08/06:30am | NNW | 7 | 8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.3 | 1015.5 | 0.0 | |
| 08/06:00am | NW | 6 | 7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.1 | 1015.0 | 0.0 | |
| 08/05:30am | NW | 7 | 8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.1 | 1014.8 | 0.0 | |
| 08/05:00am | NW | 7 | 9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.3 | 1014.5 | 0.0 | |
| 08/04:30am | NW | 9 | 12 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.3 | 1014.0 | 0.0 | |
| 08/04:00am | NW | 12 | 15 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.4 | 1013.8 | 0.0 | |
| 08/03:30am | NW | 12 | 16 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.5 | 1013.9 | 0.0 | |
| 08/03:00am | NW | 13 | 17 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.5 | 1013.9 | 0.0 | |
| 08/02:30am | NW | 13 | 17 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.4 | 1013.9 | 0.0 | |
| 08/02:00am | NW | 11 | 16 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.5 | 1014.1 | 0.0 | |
| 08/01:30am | NW | 12 | 15 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.6 | 1014.3 | 0.0 | |
| 08/01:00am | NW | 11 | 15 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.5 | 1014.5 | 0.0 | |
| 08/12:30am | NW | 11 | 17 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.7 | 1014.6 | 0.0 | |
| 08/12:00am | NNW | 12 | 18 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.3 | 1014.7 | 0.0 | |
| Date/Time EST |
Wind | Sea Height m |
Swell | Vis km |
Cloud | Weather | Temp °C |
Press MSL hPa |
Rain since 9am mm |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dir | Spd kts |
Gust kts |
Height m |
Period s |
Dir | |||||||||
| 07/11:30pm | NNW | 14 | 19 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.4 | 1014.8 | 0.0 | |
| 07/11:00pm | N | 15 | 19 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.4 | 1014.9 | 0.0 | |
| 07/10:30pm | N | 12 | 17 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.5 | 1014.9 | 0.0 | |
| 07/10:00pm | N | 13 | 19 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.5 | 1014.8 | 0.0 | |
| 07/09:30pm | N | 12 | 16 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.5 | 1014.8 | 0.0 | |
| 07/09:00pm | N | 11 | 15 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.5 | 1014.7 | 0.0 | |
| 07/08:30pm | N | 10 | 15 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.4 | 1014.6 | 0.0 | |
| 07/08:00pm | N | 10 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.5 | 1014.3 | 0.0 | |
| 07/07:30pm | NNE | 10 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.4 | 1014.0 | 0.0 | |
| 07/07:00pm | N | 10 | 13 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.5 | 1013.5 | 0.0 | |
| 07/06:30pm | NNE | 11 | 13 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.2 | 1013.3 | 0.0 | |
| 07/06:00pm | NNE | 11 | 13 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.1 | 1013.1 | 0.0 | |
| 07/05:30pm | NNE | 10 | 13 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.1 | 1013.0 | 0.0 | |
| 07/05:00pm | NNE | 9 | 12 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.5 | 1012.8 | 0.0 | |
| 07/04:30pm | NNE | 9 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.8 | 1012.8 | 0.0 | |
| 07/04:00pm | NNE | 9 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.1 | 1012.8 | 0.0 | |
| 07/03:30pm | NNE | 8 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.5 | 1012.7 | 0.0 | |
| 07/03:00pm | NE | 9 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.4 | 1012.7 | 0.0 | |
| 07/02:30pm | NNE | 9 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.6 | 1013.0 | 0.0 | |
| 07/02:00pm | NNE | 8 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 25.0 | 1013.2 | 0.0 | |
| 07/01:30pm | N | 7 | 9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 25.1 | 1013.4 | 0.0 | |
| 07/01:00pm | NNW | 7 | 9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.4 | 1013.8 | 0.0 | |
| 07/12:30pm | NW | 8 | 12 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.1 | 1014.2 | 0.0 | |
| 07/12:00pm | NW | 8 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.8 | 1014.7 | 0.0 | |
| 07/11:30am | NW | 8 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.2 | 1015.2 | 0.0 | |
| 07/11:00am | NNW | 8 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.5 | 1015.5 | 0.0 | |
| 07/10:30am | NW | 7 | 9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.7 | 1015.8 | 0.0 | |
| 07/10:00am | WNW | 6 | 8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 24.4 | 1016.1 | 0.0 | |
| 07/09:30am | NW | 6 | 8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.9 | 1016.1 | 0.0 | |
| 07/09:00am | NW | 4 | 6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.7 | 1016.1 | 0.2 | |
| 07/08:30am | W | 4 | 6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.2 | 1016.0 | 0.2 | |
| 07/08:00am | WSW | 6 | 7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.2 | 1016.0 | 0.2 | |
| 07/07:30am | WSW | 6 | 6 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.4 | 1015.8 | 0.2 | |
| 07/07:00am | WSW | 7 | 8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20.6 | 1015.7 | 0.2 | |
| 07/06:30am | WSW | 7 | 8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20.2 | 1015.5 | 0.2 | |
| 07/06:00am | CALM | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20.9 | 1015.2 | 0.2 | |
| 07/05:30am | ESE | 3 | 4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.3 | 1015.1 | 0.2 | |
| 07/05:00am | ESE | 2 | 4 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.0 | 1015.0 | 0.2 | |
| 07/04:30am | ESE | 4 | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.1 | 1015.0 | 0.2 | |
| 07/04:00am | SSE | 5 | 7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.5 | 1014.9 | 0.2 | |
| 07/03:30am | SE | 5 | 7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.1 | 1014.8 | 0.2 | |
| 07/03:00am | SE | 7 | 9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.3 | 1014.9 | 0.2 | |
| 07/02:30am | ESE | 6 | 7 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.4 | 1015.3 | 0.2 | |
| 07/02:00am | ESE | 7 | 8 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.3 | 1015.4 | 0.2 | |
| 07/01:30am | ESE | 7 | 9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.2 | 1015.7 | 0.2 | |
| 07/01:00am | ESE | 7 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.4 | 1016.0 | 0.2 | |
| 07/12:30am | ESE | 8 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.4 | 1016.2 | 0.2 | |
| 07/12:00am | ESE | 7 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.4 | 1016.4 | 0.2 | |
| Date/Time EST |
Wind | Sea Height m |
Swell | Vis km |
Cloud | Weather | Temp °C |
Press MSL hPa |
Rain since 9am mm |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dir | Spd kts |
Gust kts |
Height m |
Period s |
Dir | |||||||||
| 06/11:30pm | ESE | 8 | 11 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.5 | 1016.6 | 0.2 | |
| 06/11:00pm | ESE | 10 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.9 | 1016.8 | 0.2 | |
| 06/10:30pm | ESE | 11 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.8 | 1017.0 | 0.2 | |
| 06/10:00pm | ESE | 11 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.8 | 1017.1 | 0.2 | |
| 06/09:30pm | ESE | 10 | 13 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.8 | 1017.1 | 0.2 | |
| 06/09:00pm | ESE | 11 | 14 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.9 | 1017.0 | 0.2 | |
| 06/08:30pm | ESE | 13 | 15 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.1 | 1017.0 | 0.2 | |
| 06/08:00pm | ESE | 13 | 16 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.1 | 1016.8 | 0.2 | |
| 06/07:30pm | ESE | 15 | 19 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.0 | 1016.5 | 0.2 | |
| 06/07:00pm | ESE | 14 | 18 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.9 | 1016.2 | 0.2 | |
| 06/06:30pm | ESE | 14 | 18 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.1 | 1016.2 | 0.2 | |
| 06/06:00pm | ESE | 14 | 18 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.9 | 1016.2 | 0.2 | |
| 06/05:30pm | SE | 14 | 19 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.3 | 1016.2 | 0.2 | |
| 06/05:00pm | ESE | 15 | 20 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.9 | 1016.2 | 0.2 | |
| 06/04:30pm | ESE | 16 | 21 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.1 | 1016.1 | 0.2 | |
| 06/04:00pm | ESE | 17 | 22 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.4 | 1016.1 | 0.2 | |
| 06/03:30pm | SE | 17 | 20 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.3 | 1016.0 | 0.2 | |
| 06/03:00pm | SE | 17 | 21 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.3 | 1016.2 | 0.2 | |
| 06/02:30pm | SSE | 17 | 21 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.3 | 1016.3 | 0.2 | |
| 06/02:00pm | SE | 17 | 21 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.3 | 1016.7 | 0.2 | |
| 06/01:30pm | SE | 18 | 23 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.6 | 1016.7 | 0.2 | |
| 06/01:00pm | SSE | 20 | 24 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.7 | 1017.0 | 0.2 | |
| 06/12:30pm | SSE | 19 | 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.8 | 1017.3 | 0.2 | |
| 06/12:00pm | SSE | 20 | 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | Recent precip. | 23.8 | 1017.7 | 0.2 | |
| 06/11:30am | SSE | 18 | 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.7 | 1018.3 | 0.2 | |
| 06/11:00am | SSE | 17 | 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.8 | 1018.5 | 0.0 | |
| 06/10:30am | SSE | 17 | 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.3 | 1018.8 | 0.0 | |
| 06/10:00am | S | 18 | 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.0 | 1019.0 | 0.0 | |
| 06/09:30am | S | 13 | 19 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.1 | 1019.1 | 0.0 | |
| 06/09:00am | S | 15 | 20 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.5 | 1019.0 | 3.0 | |
| 06/08:30am | S | 15 | 21 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.3 | 1018.7 | 3.0 | |
| 06/08:00am | SE | 19 | 24 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.9 | 1018.4 | 3.0 | |
| 06/07:30am | SE | 21 | 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 23.0 | 1018.1 | 3.0 | |
| 06/07:00am | SE | 21 | 26 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.7 | 1018.0 | 3.0 | |
| 06/06:45am | SE | 18 | 24 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.3 | 1017.9 | 3.0 | |
| 06/06:30am | SW | 13 | 18 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20.2 | 1018.1 | 3.0 | |
| 06/06:00am | SSW | 14 | 20 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 19.7 | 1017.6 | 3.0 | |
| 06/05:45am | SSE | 19 | 27 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.1 | 1017.5 | 3.0 | |
| 06/05:30am | SE | 21 | 26 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.1 | 1017.1 | 3.0 | |
| 06/05:18am | ESE | 21 | 31 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.4 | 1017.0 | 3.0 | |
| 06/05:00am | SE | 20 | 25 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.0 | 1016.8 | 3.0 | |
| 06/04:30am | ESE | 20 | 26 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.2 | 1016.7 | 3.0 | |
| 06/04:19am | SE | 20 | 31 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.2 | 1016.4 | 3.0 | |
| 06/04:00am | SE | 20 | 26 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.7 | 1016.7 | 3.0 | |
| 06/03:30am | SE | 23 | 27 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.0 | 1016.6 | 3.0 | |
| 06/03:00am | SE | 23 | 29 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.7 | 1016.7 | 3.0 | |
| 06/02:30am | SE | 26 | 38 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20.9 | 1016.7 | 3.0 | |
| 06/02:20am | SE | 25 | 35 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.6 | 1016.4 | 3.0 | |
| 06/02:00am | SE | 27 | 33 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.7 | 1016.5 | 3.0 | |
| 06/01:30am | SE | 25 | 32 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20.8 | 1016.9 | 3.0 | |
| 06/01:01am | SE | 26 | 36 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 19.3 | 1017.7 | 2.8 | |
| 06/01:00am | SE | 27 | 36 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 19.4 | 1017.6 | 2.8 | |
| 06/12:53am | SE | 24 | 36 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20.4 | 1017.4 | 2.8 | |
| 06/12:41am | SSE | 25 | 33 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 19.7 | 1017.7 | 2.8 | |
| 06/12:30am | SSE | 31 | 37 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 19.0 | 1017.8 | 2.8 | |
| 06/12:15am | SE | 26 | 40 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.0 | 1017.4 | 2.2 | |
| 06/12:13am | SE | 24 | 38 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.6 | 1017.9 | 2.2 | |
| 06/12:00am | SE | 26 | 32 | - | - | - | - | - | - | Recent precip. | 21.2 | 1017.8 | 2.2 | |
| Date/Time EST |
Wind | Sea Height m |
Swell | Vis km |
Cloud | Weather | Temp °C |
Press MSL hPa |
Rain since 9am mm |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dir | Spd kts |
Gust kts |
Height m |
Period s |
Dir | ||||||||
| 05/11:41pm | SE | 28 | 38 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 19.9 | 1018.1 | 2.2 |
| 05/11:30pm | SE | 30 | 38 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20.5 | 1017.7 | 2.2 |
| 05/11:23pm | SSE | 27 | 36 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.2 | 1017.8 | 2.2 |
| 05/11:12pm | S | 23 | 35 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20.6 | 1018.2 | 2.2 |
| 05/11:00pm | SSE | 24 | 32 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.2 | 1018.3 | 2.0 |
| 05/10:49pm | SSE | 23 | 31 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.7 | 1018.3 | 2.0 |
| 05/10:37pm | SE | 23 | 32 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.7 | 1018.4 | 2.0 |
| 05/10:30pm | SSE | 24 | 31 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.8 | 1018.2 | 2.0 |
| 05/10:25pm | S | 23 | 32 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.3 | 1018.1 | 2.0 |
| 05/10:17pm | SSE | 21 | 32 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.2 | 1018.3 | 2.0 |
| 05/10:16pm | SSE | 21 | 29 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.3 | 1018.3 | 2.0 |
| 05/10:00pm | SE | 28 | 36 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.5 | 1018.2 | 2.0 |
| 05/09:48pm | SSE | 24 | 36 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.1 | 1018.3 | 2.0 |
| 05/09:44pm | S | 19 | 30 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.1 | 1018.4 | 2.0 |
| 05/09:30pm | S | 19 | 27 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 20.7 | 1018.7 | 1.8 |
| 05/09:00pm | S | 22 | 30 | - | - | - | - | - | - | Recent precip. | 21.6 | 1018.6 | 1.0 |
| 05/08:30pm | SSE | 25 | 37 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.8 | 1018.5 | 0.8 |
| 05/08:03pm | SE | 26 | 36 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.6 | 1018.1 | 0.8 |
| 05/08:00pm | SSE | 24 | 32 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.7 | 1018.2 | 0.8 |
| 05/07:30pm | SSE | 29 | 35 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.8 | 1017.9 | 0.6 |
| 05/07:00pm | SSE | 27 | 34 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.6 | 1017.7 | 0.6 |
| 05/06:37pm | SSE | 26 | 41 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.8 | 1017.2 | 0.6 |
| 05/06:30pm | SSE | 28 | 33 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.7 | 1017.6 | 0.6 |
| 05/06:06pm | SSE | 27 | 37 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 22.4 | 1017.7 | 0.6 |
| 05/06:00pm | SSE | 28 | 34 | - | - | - | - | - | - | Recent precip. | 22.5 | 1017.7 | 0.6 |
Other formats
Comma delimited format used in spreadsheet applications
http://www.bom.gov.au/fwo/IDQ60701/IDQ60701.94594.axf
JavaScript Object Notation format (JSON) in row-major order
http://www.bom.gov.au/fwo/IDQ60701/IDQ60701.94594.json
Data quality
Most of these data are generated automatically and are frequently updated. Quality checks on data are not normally performed. It is possible for incorrect values to appear. Refer to information at About Latest Weather Observations and please check the disclaimer before using these data.
