Victoria in January 2023: drier than average

January rainfall was below average across most of Victoria's south. Mean maximum temperatures were above average in much of central and western Victoria. Mean minimum temperatures were above average across most of the state's south and east.

Drier than average

  • January rainfall totals were below average across most of Victoria's south, with areas of very much below average rainfall scattered in the Central and West Gippsland districts.
  • Rainfall totals were above average to very much above average in the state's north-east.
  • For Victoria as a whole, rainfall was about 26% below the 1961–1990 average January rainfall of 39.5 mm.
  • A low pressure trough brought isolated thunderstorms and rainfall to parts of central and northern Victoria on the 2nd.
  • A cold front and an associated low pressure trough brought widespread rainfall to the state on the 17th, with daily totals generally between 5 and 20 mm.
  • Low pressure troughs brought thunderstorms and heavy rainfall to north-west Victoria on the 22nd, north-east Victoria on the 23rd and southern Victoria on the 25th.
  • Another low pressure trough resulted in heavy rain in the far north-east of the state on the 30th, and some sites had their highest January daily rainfall on record
  • Hunters Hill had its highest total January rainfall on record and Rutherglen Research had its highest total January rainfall since 1974.

Above average temperatures

  • For Victoria as a whole, mean maximum and mean minimum temperatures were 0.89 °C and 1.16 °C above average respectively.
  • Mean maximum temperatures were above average in much of central and western Victoria, while mean minimum temperatures were above average across most of the state's south and east.
  • After a warm start to the month, a cool change due to a southerly airflow moved through Victoria bringing mild temperatures between the 3rd and 6th; this was followed by period of warm temperatures and from the 11th a heatwave started to develop across Victoria; daytime temperatures on the 14th were 6 to 10 degrees above average across the state.
  • A cold front brought a short period of relief from the heat to southern areas of the state on the 15th, and another cold front on the 17th brought mild temperatures to all parts of Victoria.
  • Victoria experienced another warm period between the 25th and 28th followed by a cool change that brought milder weather to the state for the final days of January.
  • The highest daytime temperature recorded in Victoria this January was 42.3 °C at Walpeup Research on the 17th, in a northerly airflow preceding the approaching cold front.
  • The state's warmest night-time temperature of 26.0 °C was recorded at Mildura Airport on the 2nd.
  • Gabo Island Lighthouse had its warmest January night on record.
  • Combienbar AWS had its lowest January mean daily maximum temperature for at least two decades.

Thunderstorms, hail and flash floods

  • On the 2nd, a cluster of severe thunderstorms moved through the Maryborough and Bendigo regions bringing intense rainfall and gusty winds; large hail around 4 cm in diameter was reported south of Bendigo, and large quantities of small hail covered the ground in Bendigo.
  • On the 17th, damaging winds brought down trees and power lines in parts of western and central Victoria.
  • Severe storms brought heavy rainfall to Geelong, Bellarine Peninsula and Melbourne's north-eastern suburbs on the 24th, causing flash flooding and leaving thousands of households without power.

Further information

Media
(03) 9669 4057

Extremes in January 2023
Hottest day 42.3 °C at Walpeup Research on the 17th
Warmest days on average 34.0 °C at Mildura Airport
Coolest days on average 16.2 °C at Mount Hotham
Coldest day 6.8 °C at Mount Hotham on the 5th
Coldest night -1.8 °C at Mount Hotham on the 19th
Coolest nights on average 8.2 °C at Mount Hotham
Warmest nights on average 17.0 °C at Mildura Airport
Warmest night 26.0 °C at Mildura Airport on the 2nd
Warmest on average overall 25.5 °C at Mildura Airport
Coolest on average overall 12.2 °C at Mount Hotham
Wettest overall 237.4 mm at Hunters Hill
Wettest day 149.6 mm at Hunters Hill on the 30th
Strongest wind gust 100 km/h at Wilsons Promontory Lighthouse on the 18th

Maps
ObservedAnomalyDecile rank
Total
rainfall
Map of Rainfall totals Map of Percentage of normal rainfall Map of Rainfall deciles
Mean
daily
maximum
temperatures
Map of Mean maximum temperature Map of Anomaly in mean maximum temperature Map of Decile rank of mean maximum temperature
Mean
daily
minimum
temperatures
Map of Mean minimum temperature Map of Anomaly in mean minimum temperature Map of Decile rank of mean minimum temperature

Click on a map to show it full size in a pop-up window


Record highest January daily rainfall
New record
(mm)
Old
record
Years of
record
Wodonga 106.2 on the 30th 89.0 on the 30th in 2022 98
Hunters Hill 149.6 on the 30th 104.0 on the 30th in 2021 29



Record highest January total rainfall
New record
(mm)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
January
Hunters Hill 237.4 216.2 in 2022 29 78.8

Highest January total rainfall for at least 20 years
Observed
(mm)
Most recent
higher
Average for
January
Rutherglen Research 150.0 181.9 in 1974* 38.8

* note: there are gaps in the historical record at this site, so it is possible a higher value has gone unreported




Lowest January mean daily maximum temperature for at least 20 years
Observed
(°C)
Most recent
lower
Average for
January
Combienbar AWS 23.4 23.1 in 2002* 25.6

* note: there are gaps in the historical record at this site, so it is possible a lower value has gone unreported




Record highest January daily minimum temperature
New record
(°C)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
January
Gabo Island Lighthouse 22.1 on the 29th 21.9 on the 28th in 2018 112 15.8



Summary statistics for January 2023
Maximum temperatures
(°C)
Minimum temperatures
(°C)
Rainfall
(millimetres)
Mean for
January
2023
Diff
from
average
Highest for
January
2023
Mean for
January
2023
Diff
from
average
Lowest for
January
2023
Total for
January
2023
Average
for
January
Rank of
January
2023
Fraction of
January
average
North Mallee (district 76)
Mildura Airport 34.0 +1.5 41.5 17th 17.0 +0.1 10.6 19th 24.8 23.1 average 107%
Walpeup Research 33.4 +1.3 42.3 17th 15.6 +0.1 7.3 19th 38.4 22.6 high 170%
South Mallee (district 77)
Hopetoun Airport 32.7 -0.6 41.3 1st 14.5 -1.0 7.0 19th 7.8 27.0 average 29%
Swan Hill Aerodrome 32.7 -0.7 40.2 14th 15.7 -0.6 9.6 19th 37.6 25.6 high 147%
North Wimmera (district 78)
Kellalac (Warracknabeal Airport) 32.2   40.1 1st 14.0   8.5 4th 2.6
Nhill Aerodrome 31.3 -0.1 39.9 17th 13.2 -0.9 6.6 20th 8.0 27.0 low 30%
South Wimmera (district 79)
Edenhope Airport 29.3 -0.4 39.2 14th 12.6 -0.7 6.8 31st 7.4 32.8 low 23%
Grampians (Mount William) 20.8 -0.5 29.1 14th 9.6 -0.7 2.4 19th 7.6 62.6 low 12%
Horsham Aerodrome 30.8 -0.5 39.3 17th 12.3 -0.4 6.5 19th 0.8 29.7 low 3%
Kanagulk 29.3 -0.7 38.7 1st 12.6 -0.3 7.0 27th 3.6 34.8 low 10%
Longerenong 31.6 +1.5 40.5 1st 12.8 -0.2 6.4 31st 4.2 24.7 low 17%
Pyrenees (Ben Nevis) 24.6 -0.8 33.0 17th 12.1 -0.4 5.1 19th 8.2 44.4 low 18%
Stawell Aerodrome 29.2 -0.2 37.8 1st 13.4 -0.3 7.9 27th 3.0 35.8 low 8%
Lower North (district 80)
Charlton 32.5 -0.2 39.4 17th 14.6 -1.0 8.0 19th 3.2 29.3 v low 11%
Echuca Aerodrome 31.6 +0.6 39.0 14th 15.6 +0.4 10.4 6th 55.0 27.8 high 198%
Kerang 32.4 +0.7 39.6 14th 15.7 +0.4 9.9 19th 21.8 23.9 average 91%
Kyabram 31.0 +0.4 38.1 14th 15.8 +1.2 10.0 19th 39.8 35.0 average 114%
Upper North (district 81)
Bendigo Airport 30.3 0.0 37.5 14th 14.6 +0.2 8.4 20th 29.6 35.4 average 84%
Shepparton Airport 31.4 -0.7 38.0 14th 15.4 -0.1 9.4 6th 45.6 30.6 high 149%
Tatura Inst Sustainable Ag 30.0 +0.1 36.7 14th 15.3 +0.9 9.5 6th 22.6 34.0 average 66%
Yarrawonga 32.4 -0.5 38.0 12th 16.1 0.0 10.2 20th 32.6 35.8 average 91%
Lower Northeast (district 82)
Benalla Airport 31.2 -1.2 37.4 13th 15.9 -0.1 10.5 6th 97.4 49.3 high 198%
Corryong Airport 30.4 -2.0 36.2 13th 13.4 -0.9 6.2 24th 169.0 64.8 v high 261%
Dartmouth Reservoir 29.0 -0.5 34.9 13th 14.4 +0.4 10.5 23rd 67.8 65.1 average 104%
Hunters Hill 24.9 -1.2 30.8 13th 14.2 -0.4 8.1 19th 237.4 78.8 highest 301%
Rutherglen Research 31.6 +0.1 37.6 13th 14.0 +0.2 7.7 6th 150.0 38.8 v high 387%
Strathbogie     31.6 1st 11.3 -0.5 5.8 7th 23.4 49.1 average 48%
Wangaratta Aero 31.5 -0.6 36.6 13th 13.9 -0.4 8.4 6th 29.0 44.6 average 65%
Upper Northeast (district 83)
Falls Creek 16.8 -1.1 22.4 12th 8.5 -0.5 -1.1 19th 143.4 114.5 average 125%
Mount Buller 17.3 -0.3 22.9 13th 9.6 +0.5 -0.9 19th 35.2 78.6 low 45%
Mount Hotham 16.2 -0.4 21.9 13th 8.2 0.0 -1.8 19th 100.8 105.6 average 95%
Omeo 25.0 -2.4 32.2 12th 10.7 -0.8 3.5 20th 83.6 63.5 high 132%
East Gippsland (district 84)
Combienbar AWS 23.4 -2.2 32.8 14th 13.4 -0.4 7.5 19th 85.2 73.9 average 115%
Gabo Island Lighthouse 21.7 +0.4 26.3 28th 16.8 +1.0 13.3 9th 55.0 69.7 average 79%
Gelantipy 22.2 -1.9 30.1 14th 11.9 0.0 4.8 20th 20.8 63.7 v low 33%
Lakes Entrance (Eastern Beach Road) 23.0 -1.4 33.7 2nd 15.2 0.0 9.5 20th 35.4 46.1 average 77%
Mallacoota 23.5 -0.8 30.4 28th 16.4 +0.5 11.0 9th 60.2 64.2 average 94%
Mount Nowa Nowa 23.8 -1.1 36.4 14th 14.5 +0.1 9.3 19th 36.0 62.1 low 58%
Orbost 24.8 -1.5 34.5 14th 14.5 -0.4 8.5 20th 44.6 47.8 average 93%
West Gippsland (district 85)
Bairnsdale Airport 25.1 -0.8 36.9 28th 14.0 +0.9 7.2 20th 16.8 50.7 low 33%
Corner Inlet (Yanakie) 23.7 -0.3 32.4 2nd 15.5 +1.0 7.1 27th 28.0 43.1 low 65%
East Sale 25.7 +0.1 35.9 28th 14.7 +1.7 7.3 20th 9.0 45.0 v low 20%
East Sale Airport 26.2   36.4 28th 14.4   7.1 20th 4.8
Morwell (Latrobe Valley Airport) 27.9 +1.2 37.0 14th 14.2 +1.2 4.0 20th 9.4 49.5 v low 19%
Mount Baw Baw 17.3 -0.3 23.4 14th 9.0 +0.2 0.9 19th 74.0 93.9 average 79%
Mount Moornapa 24.1 -1.5 35.6 14th 13.6 +0.2 8.4 20th 59.8 77.6 average 77%
Nilma North (Warragul) 26.4   35.5 14th 14.3   6.2 20th 15.6 51.2 low 30%
Pound Creek 26.0 +0.7 35.7 17th 13.6 +0.5 5.2 27th 24.8 40.5 average 61%
Wilsons Promontory Lighthouse 21.1 +0.7 30.8 2nd 15.9 +1.7 13.3 20th 14.4 51.7 low 28%
Yarram Airport 25.2 -0.6 36.5 28th 13.0 -0.2 4.0 20th 9.6 46.0 low 21%
East Central (district 86)
Cerberus 25.6 +1.0 37.1 17th 15.2 +1.2 9.3 27th 16.4 40.4 low 41%
Coldstream 28.0 -0.1 36.1 17th 12.6 +0.5 6.5 20th 13.0 49.4 low 26%
Essendon Airport 27.2 +0.6 38.2 14th 15.7 +1.9 10.9 7th 43.0 43.7 average 98%
Ferny Creek 23.6 -0.8 32.2 17th 13.2 -0.1 8.4 19th 85.0 82.5 average 103%
Frankston (Ballam Park) 26.1   36.1 14th 15.4   11.6 27th 12.2
Melbourne (Olympic Park) 26.1   37.6 14th 16.6   13.2 7th 20.2 52.0 low 39%
Melbourne Airport 26.9 +0.3 37.4 14th 15.0 +1.1 9.6 6th 10.6 42.1 low 25%
Moorabbin Airport 26.7 +0.7 38.7 14th 15.4 +1.0 10.1 27th 15.4 44.8 low 34%
Rhyll 25.7 +1.7 35.1 17th 16.4 +0.8 13.0 19th 11.8 39.0 low 30%
Scoresby Research Institute 27.8 +1.3 37.1 14th 14.6 +1.2 9.5 27th 24.4 53.4 low 46%
Viewbank 28.0 -0.2 38.3 17th 15.1 +0.4 10.6 7th 32.8 45.0 average 73%
West Central (district 87)
Avalon Airport 26.8 +0.2 38.3 14th 14.7 +0.4 9.6 27th 10.8 34.4 low 31%
Breakwater (Geelong Racecourse) 25.6 -0.5 37.4 17th 15.1 +0.3 10.2 27th 27.8 43.3 low 64%
Laverton RAAF 26.8 +1.0 38.5 17th 15.5 +1.6 10.8 7th 10.2 41.1 low 25%
Point Cook RAAF 26.0   38.8 14th 15.7   11.4 7th 7.2
She Oaks 26.3 +0.1 36.2 14th 12.9 +0.4 6.4 27th 20.0 39.1 low 51%
North Central (district 88)
Eildon Fire Tower 26.8 -0.6 33.4 12th 13.8 +0.1 7.5 20th 17.2 43.2 low 40%
Lake Eildon 30.3 +1.2 36.2 14th 14.3 +1.4 9.1 4th 26.2 48.1 average 54%
Mangalore Airport 30.2 +0.3 37.4 14th 14.5 +0.2 7.9 28th 31.4 41.7 average 75%
Maryborough 29.0 +0.1 36.4 14th 13.8 +0.8 9.0 27th 24.6 31.6 average 78%
Puckapunyal Lyon Hill (Defence) 29.8   37.9 14th 15.2   10.7 19th 20.0
Puckapunyal West (Defence) 29.1   37.3 14th 14.4   9.8 19th 20.4
Redesdale 30.1 +0.2 37.5 14th 12.5 -0.8 6.0 27th 12.2 34.1 low 36%
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 25.2 -0.1 34.2 14th 13.1 +0.6 7.2 19th 29.0 50.4 average 58%
Western Plains (district 89)
Ararat Prison 28.1 +0.9 37.0 1st 12.1 +0.8 7.0 27th 6.2 40.3 v low 15%
Ballarat Aerodrome 26.2 +0.9 34.9 14th 11.9 +0.9 7.1 19th 8.6 40.1 low 21%
Westmere 27.8 -0.7 37.6 17th 11.8 +0.4 5.8 27th 7.2 43.6 low 17%
West Coast (district 90)
Aireys Inlet 23.2 +0.1 35.5 17th 15.2 +1.0 12.2 19th
Cape Nelson Lighthouse 21.8 +0.4 37.0 17th 15.1 +0.3 11.1 25th 17.4 31.7 low 55%
Cape Otway Lighthouse 21.2 -0.2 29.8 17th 14.9 +1.5 11.5 27th 29.8 44.6 average 67%
Casterton 26.9 -1.3 38.2 14th 12.1 -0.1 7.0 31st 20.0 31.4 average 64%
Colac (Mount Gellibrand) 27.1 +1.0 38.1 17th 13.2 +0.4 9.4 4th 43.8 33.7 average 130%
Dartmoor 26.7 -0.4 38.6 14th 12.4 -0.1 7.1 16th 18.4 33.7 average 55%
Hamilton Airport 27.1 +0.3 37.2 14th 11.9 +0.6 7.4 19th 16.4 33.5 low 49%
Mortlake Racecourse 26.6 +0.3 37.3 17th 11.7 +0.6 4.4 27th 12.0 36.0 low 33%
Port Fairy AWS 23.1 +0.4 38.0 17th 14.7 +0.6 10.1 11th 22.8 31.7 average 72%
Portland (Cashmore Airport) 23.0 +0.8 35.2 17th 13.1 +0.7 5.8 27th 23.4 35.7 average 66%
Warrnambool Airport NDB 24.3 -0.4 38.5 17th 12.2 +0.3 4.4 16th 25.0 36.1 average 69%

Notes

The Monthly climate summary, generally published on the third working day of each month, lists the main features of the weather in Victoria using the most timely and accurate information available on the date of publication; it will generally not be updated. More extensive discussion of significant weather events, along with later information and data that has had greater opportunity for quality control, will be presented in the Monthly Weather Review.

This statement has been prepared based on information available at 12 pm on Wednesday 1 February 2023. Some checks have been made on the data, but it is possible that results will change as new information becomes available.

In some situations, some or all of the rainfall is in the form of hail or snow. In these cases the totals given are for the water equivalent: the depth of liquid water that results from melting any frozen precipitation. There can be significant 'undercatch' of snow in strong winds, meaning the true precipitation can be higher than that reported.

Averages for individual sites are long-term means based on observations from all available years of record, which vary widely from site to site. They are not shown for sites with less than 10 years of record, as they cannot then be calculated reliably.
The median is sometimes more representative than the mean of long-term average rain.

The Rank indicates how rainfall this time compares with the climate record for the site, based on the decile ranking (very low rainfall is in decile 1, low in decile 2 or 3, average in decile 4 to 7, high in decile 8 or 9 and very high is in decile 10).
The Fraction of average shows how much rain has fallen this time as a percentage of the long-term mean.

Where temperature area averages are mentioned, they are derived from the ACORN-SAT dataset.

Further information

Media
(03) 9669 4057

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