Figure 1 and tables 1–7 summarise the water distribution for Sydney Water Corporation (SWC) for 2009-10. The tables provide a breakdown for values shown in Figure 1. Notes for the values provided in tables 1–7 are available after Table 7.
Figure1. Diagram of water distribution summary for Sydney Water Corporation for 2009–10
| Item | Sources of water | Volume (ML) | Note identifier | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Delivered via the water supply system | Water sourced from external entity | Not applicable | |
| 2 | Water sourced from surface water | 485,698 | SWC_U1 | |
| 3 | Water sourced from groundwater | Not applicable | ||
| 4 | Water sourced from desalination | 19,952 | SWC_U3 | |
| 5 | Water sourced from recycling | Not applicable | ||
| 6 | Total water sourced | 505,650 | Items (2+4) | |
| Item | Water usage | Volume (ML) | Note identifier |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Residential – potable water | 326,826 | SWC_U9 |
| 2 | Residential – nonpotable water | 0 | |
| 3 | Commercial, industrial, municipal – potable water | 108,738 | SWC_U10 |
| 4 | Commercial, industrial, municipal – nonpotable water | 0 | |
| 5 | Agricultural – potable water | 5,336 | SWC_U11 for agriculture |
| 6 | Other supplies – potable water | 29,427 | SWC_U11 for other |
| 7 | Total water use | 470,327 | Sum of items 1 to 6 |
| Item | Losses | Volume (ML) | Note identifier |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Losses from potable, nonpotable water supplies | 35,323 | SWC_U15 & U17 |
| 2 | Losses from recycled water supplies | Not available | |
| 3 | Total water losses | 35,323 | Item 1 |
| Item | Wastewater collected and treated | Volume (ML) | Note identifier |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wastewater collected within the entity | 480,551 | SWC_U19a* |
| 2 | Wastewater collected from external entity | 0 | |
| 3 | Total wastewater collected and treated | 480,551 | Item 1 |
| Item | Wastewater discharged | Volume (ML) | Note identifier |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Treated wastewater discharged to surface water | 51,834 | SWC_U22 |
| 2 | Treated wastewater discharged to ocean | 395,034 | SWC_U23 |
| 3 | Total volume discharged | 446,868 | Items (1 + 2) |
| Item | Recycled water produced and supplied | Volume (ML) | Note identifier |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Total recycled water produced | 33,683 | SWC_U30 |
| 2 | Recycled water supplied to residential | 2,209 | SWC_U31 |
| 3 | Recycled water supplied to commercial, industrial, municipal | 7,537 | SWC_U32 |
| 4 | Recycled water supplied to agricultural | 5,643 | SWC_U33 for agriculture |
| 5 | Recycled water supplied to environment | 1,980 | SWC_U33 for irrigation |
| 6 | Recycled water use on-site / in-process | 16,314 | SWC_U34 |
| 7 | Total recycled water supplied | 17,369* | Items (2+3+4+5)* |
| Item | Component | Volume (ML) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Water use from potable and nonpotable water supply | 470,327 | Table 2 |
| 2 | Water use from recycled water supply | 17,369 | Table 6 |
| 3 | Total water use | 487,696 | Items (1 + 2) |
SWC_U1 See the following table for volumes
Data managed and maintained in an internal data management system by Sydney Water Corporation’s Operations Division (Hydraulic Systems Services).
Sydney Water Corporation.
This item represents the total volume of surface water taken for water supply. The following table presents volumes of potable water produced at water treatment plants. The table presents volumes recorded by the bulk supplier, the Sydney Catchment Authority (SCA), to the water treatment plants and received volumes recorded by Sydney Water Corporation. Supplies to North Richmond Water Treatment Plant (WTP), as well as water delivery from the plant, are made by Sydney Water Corporation.
| Surface water taken at water treatment plants | Volume recorded by the Sydney Catchment Authority (ML) | Volume recorded by Sydney Water Corporation (ML) |
|---|---|---|
| Cascade | 3,897 | 3,496 |
| Illawarra | 29,912 | 30,857 |
| Macarthur | 25,883 | 25,343 |
| Nepean | 3,770 | 3,536 |
| Orchard Hills | 21002 | 21,332 |
| Prospect | 374,505 | 376,007 |
| Warragamba | 1,145 | 1,103 |
| Woronora | 18,108 | 17,959 |
| Subtotal | 478,222 | 479,633 |
| North Richmond (volume recorded by Sydney Water Corporation) | 6,065 | |
| Total volume | 484,287 | 485,698 |
Volumes from SCA are based on full-bore magnetic flow meter readings to measure water diverted to urban utilities from the storage reservoirs. Sources of SCA data include invoices to retail water utilities, the daily returns system database and Integrated Instrumentation Control Automation and Telemetry System (IICATS) meter readings.
Sydney Water Corporation volumes are derived from metered outflow data from water treatment plants. The flow meter data are continually monitored and recorded using IICATS. The data are stored within an internal data management system. Adjustments are made to the data (if necessary) to correct any interruptions, errors and so on. Data have been extracted for the reporting period from the data management system.
Although this UrbanSAT note is based on data provided by Sydney Water Corporation the accounting statements for the Sydney Region show the volumes recorded by the bulk supplier, to maintain consistency in calculating (see Line item 14.7.4). The data suppliers suggest limits of meter accuracy as the cause for the difference.
Volumes for both SCA and Sydney Water Corporation have been based on measured data. Estimated accuracy based on meter accuracy is +/–2%.
The output volume recorded by Sydney Water Corporation at the Illawarra WTP includes an unfiltered component of 4,660 ML.
SWC_U3 19,952 ML
Data managed and maintained in an internal data management system by Sydney Water Corporation’s Operations Division (Hydraulic Systems Services).
Sydney Water Corporation.
This item represents the total volume of desalinated water taken for water supply from the Kurnell Desalination Plant. The volume is derived from metered data on output volume of desalinated water from the plant.
The volume is based on measured data. Estimated uncertainty based on meter accuracy is +/–2%.
In order to produce and supply 19,952 ML of desalinated water, an estimated volume of 67,061 ML of salt water was drawn from the sea. The residual hypersaline concentrate (approximately 47,109 ML) was returned to the sea.
SWC_U9 326,826 ML
Table 13 of Sydney Water Corporation’s Water Conservation and Recycling Implementation Report 2009–10.
Sydney Water Corporation.
This item represents the total volume of potable water supplied for residential use. Sydney Water Corporation uses a water balance approach to determine volume of potable water supplied from the potable water supply system (Water Conservation and Recycling Implementation Report 2009–10). The water balance is a reconciliation of the volume of water produced by the water treatment plants with all known and estimated end uses.
The volume is based on measured data and the water balance. Estimated uncertainty based on meter accuracy and professional judgment is +/–2%.
Nil.
SWC_U10 108,738 ML
Table 13 of Sydney Water Corporation’s Water Conservation and Recycling Implementation Report 2009–10.
Sydney Water Corporation.
This item represents the total volume of potable water supplied for commercial, industrial and municipal use. The volume derived is based on the water balance method described in Table 13 of the Water Conservation and Recycling Implementation Report 2009–10. The water balance is a reconciliation of the volume of water produced by the water treatment plants with all known and estimated end uses.
The volume is based on measured data and the water balance. Estimated uncertainty based on meter accuracy and professional judgment is +/–2%.
Nil.
SWC_U11 34,763 ML
The volume comprises 5,336 ML for agriculture and29,427 ML for other uses, including non-metered, unbilled components (see the table below for the details).
Tables 12 and 13 of Sydney Water Corporation’s Water Conservation and Recycling Implementation Report 2009–10.
Sydney Water Corporation.
This item represents the total volume of potable water supplied other than for residential, commercial, industrial and municipal use. The volume includes the following components derived from water balance calculations and the measured data at each water treatment plant. The water balance is a reconciliation of the volume of water produced by the water treatment plants with all known and estimated end uses.
| Component | Volume (ML) | Source* |
|---|---|---|
| Billed metered primary producers | 5,336 | Derived from water balance in Table 13 |
| Billed metered other | 8,756 | Derived from water balance in Table 13 |
| Billed unmetered | 2,545 | Estimate used in water balance in the water balance in Table 13 |
| Unbilled metered and unbilled | 4,693 | Estimate used in water balance in the water balance in Table 13 |
| Unauthorised | 502 | Estimate used in water balance in the water balance in Table 12 |
| Meter under-registration | 9,180 | Estimate used in water balance in the water balance in Table 12 |
| Water balance—billing cycle | 3,586 | Measured data at each water treatment plant and Table 12 |
| Unexplained difference | 165 | Unexplained difference based on a reconciliation of the volume of water produced by the water treatment plants with all known and estimated end uses |
| Total | 34,763 |
* All tables are from the Water Conservation and Recycling Implementation Report 2009–10.
Ungraded.
The component ‘billed primary producers’ (5,336 ML) is taken as ‘supply to agriculture’, and total of the remaining components (29,427 ML) is taken as ‘other supplies including non-metered, unbilled components’.
and
Background leakage represents water loss from the system in slow, diffuse or continuous egress forms. A burst is a rupture at a point in the system that generally results in loss of water in fast, point-based, or event-based egress forms.
Data provided as U15 and U17 are used for representing the total loss due to background leakage and pipe bursts from the potable water supply system. A breakdown on these items is not available. The total volume of leakage and loss is taken as an input to the ‘Landscape’ water store as the breakdown of the component entering ‘groundwater’ is not available separately.
SWC_U15 and SWC_U17 35,323 ML
Tables 12 and 13 of Sydney Water Corporation’s Water Conservation and Recycling Implementation Report 2009–10.
Sydney Water Corporation.
Sydney Water Corporation uses a global water balance approach to determine leakage and loss from the potable water supply system. The water balance is a reconciliation of the volume of water produced by the water treatment plants with all known and estimated end uses. The remainder is classified as leakage.
Measured and estimated data used in the water balance calculation contribute to uncertainty of leakage volumes. As leakage volumes calculated via a water balance are proportionally small, residual errors tend to be magnified. The uncertainty band on leakage as calculated by an annual water balance is estimated to be about +/–25% with a 95% confidence limit.
Nil.
Note: Information used in U19b is assumed to be applicable to U19a, losses from wastewater treatment process is assumed to be negligible.
The item represents wastewater collected and treated at Sydney Water Corporation’s wastewater treatment plants and water recycling plants. The item comprises two components:
Component 1: Data managed and maintained in an internal data management system by Sydney Water Corporation’s Operations Division (Systems Assurance).
Component 2: Data sourced from DataMart data management system and presented in Sydney Water Corporation’s Water Conservation and Recycling Implementation Report 2009–10.
Sydney Water Corporation.
The total volume of wastewater collected and treated at Sydney Water Corporation’s wastewater treatment plants and water recycling plants is derived as follows:
| Plant type | Wastewater treatment plant | Volume of effluent treated (excluding volume treated for on-site use)(ML) | Where the treated effluent was discharged to |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water recycling | Bombo | 1,412 | Sea |
| Castle Hill | 2,745 | Surface water | |
| Gerroa | 289 | Sea | |
| Glenfield | 101 | Surface water | |
| Liverpool | 1,501 | Surface water | |
| Penrith | 8,376 | Surface water | |
| Picton | 466 | Surface water | |
| Quakers Hill | 11,568 | Surface water | |
| Richmond | 576 | Surface water | |
| Rouse Hill | 5,722 | Surface water | |
| St Marys | 12,546 | Surface water | |
| West Camden | 3,578 | Surface water | |
| Wollongong | 18,948 | Sea | |
| Wastewater treatment | Bellambi* | 356 | Sea |
| Bondi | 44,548 | Sea | |
| Brooklyn | 75 | Surface water | |
| Cronulla | 18,865 | Sea | |
| Fairfield* | 872 | Surface water | |
| Hornsby Heights | 2,106 | Surface water | |
| Malabar | 171,557 | Sea | |
| North Head | 133,570 | Sea | |
| North Richmond | 292 | Surface water | |
| Port Kembla* | 505 | Sea | |
| Riverstone | 600 | Surface water | |
| Shellharbour | 6,056 | Sea | |
| Wallacia | 211 | Surface water | |
| Warriewood | 5,811 | Sea | |
| West Hornsby | 4,520 | Surface water | |
| Winmalee | 6,465 | Surface water | |
| Total |
464,237 |
||
* A wet-weather wastewater treatment plant, which is only used during major storms.
Volumes for both components have been derived from metered outflow data from the plants. The flow meter data are continually monitored and recorded using the Integrated Instrumentation Control Automation and Telemetry System (IICATS). The data are stored within an internal data management system. Adjustments are made to the data (if necessary) to correct any interruptions, errors and so on. From the data management system, data have been extracted for the reporting period.
The volume is based on measured data. Estimated uncertainty based on meter accuracy is +/–2%.
The volume does not include water losses in the treatment process including biosolid removal, de-watering and evaporation.
Total wastewater treated can include net ingress from stormwater and groundwater.
At wet-weather wastewater treatment plants, wastewater treated usually also includes a certain volume of stormwater.
SWC_U22 51,834 ML
Data managed and maintained in an internal data management system by the Sydney Water Corporation’s Operations Division (Systems Assurance).
Sydney Water Corporation.
The item represents the total metered volume of treated wastewater discharge to surface water from wastewater treatment plants and water recycling plants managed by Sydney Water Corporation.
The flow of wastewater from the plants is measured using flow meters. These measured data are continually monitored and recorded using the Integrated Instrumentation Control Automation and Telemetry System (IICATS). The data is stored within an internal data management system. Adjustments are made to the data (if necessary) to correct any interruptions, errors and so on. From the data management system, data have been extracted for the reporting period.
| Plant type | Name of the plant | Discharging to watercourse | Volume discharged during 2009–10 (ML) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Water recycling | Castle Hill | Cattai Creek | 2,645 |
| Glenfield | Georges River | 101 | |
| Liverpool | Georges River | 1,361 | |
| Penrith | Boundary Creek | 8,356 | |
| Picton | Stonequarry Creek | 0 | |
| Quakers Hill | Breakfast Creek | 11,369 | |
| Richmond | Rickabys Creek | 223 | |
| Rouse Hill | Second Ponds Creek | 3,513 | |
| St Marys | South Creek | 7,999 | |
| West Camden | Matahil Creek | 1,126 | |
| Wastewater treatment | Brooklyn | Hawkesbury River | 75 |
| Fairfield | Orphan School Creek | 872 | |
| Hornsby Heights | Calna Creek | 2,106 | |
| North Richmond | Redbank Creek | 292 | |
| Riverstone | Eastern Creek | 600 | |
| Wallacia | Warragamba River | 211 | |
| West Hornsby | Waitara Creek | 4,520 | |
| Winmalee | Nepean River | 6,465 | |
| Total | 51,834 |
The volume is based on measured data. Estimated uncertainty based on meter accuracy is +/–2%.
The discharges from Sydney Water Corporation’s treatment plants must comply with licences issued by the Australian Government Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (DECCW). These licences specify the quantity and quality of treated wastewater that can be released to rivers and the ocean. The level of treatment ranges from primary to tertiary.
SWC_U23 395,034 ML
Data managed and maintained in an internal data management system by the Sydney Water Corporation’s Operations Division (Systems Assurance).
Sydney Water Corporation.
The value represents the total volume of treated wastewater discharged to the sea from wastewater treatment plants and water recycling plants managed by Sydney Water Corporation. The value is based on flow meter readings.
The flow of wastewater from the plants is measured using flow meters. These measured data are continually monitored and recorded using the Integrated Instrumentation Control Automation and Telemetry System (IICATS). The data are stored within an internal data management system. Adjustments are made to the data (if necessary) to correct any interruptions, errors and so on. From the data management system, data have been extracted for the reporting period.
| Plant type | Name of the plant | Discharge to sea volume (ML) |
|---|---|---|
| Wastewater treatment | Bellambi | 356 |
| Port Kembla | 505 | |
| Warriewood | 5,811 | |
| Shellharbour | 6,056 | |
| Cronulla | 18,865 | |
| Bondi | 44,548 | |
| North Head | 133,570 | |
| Malabar | 171,557 | |
| Water recycling | Gerroa | 148 |
| Bombo | 1,327 | |
| Wollongong | 12,291 | |
| Total | 395,034 |
The volume is based on measured data. Estimated uncertainty based on meter accuracy is +/–2%.
The discharges from Sydney Water Corporation’s treatment plants must comply with licences issued by the Australian Government Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (DECCW). These licences specify the quantity and quality of treated wastewater that can be released to rivers and the ocean. The level of treatment ranges from primary to tertiary.
SWC_U30 33,683 ML
Metered data reported in Sydney Water Corporation’s Water Conservation and Recycling Implementation Report 2009–10.
Sydney Water Corporation.
This item represents the total volume of recycled water produced at water recycling plants managed by Sydney Water Corporation. The total is derived by the addition of:
| Water recycling plant | Recycled water Volume (ML) |
|---|---|
| Bombo | 85 |
| Castle Hill | 100 |
| Gerroa | 141 |
| Glenfield | 0 |
| Liverpool | 140 |
| Picton | 466 |
| Penrith | 20 |
| Quakers Hill | 199 |
| Richmond | 353 |
| Rouse Hill | 2,209 |
| St Marys | 4,547 |
| West Camden | 2,452 |
| Wollongong | 6,657 |
| Total (excluding on-site use) | 17,369 |
The volume is based on measured data. Estimated uncertainty based on meter accuracy is +/–2%.
Total volume of recycled water produced from sewage is assumed to be equal to the volume of recycled water supplied for use (metered) and the estimated volume of recycled water used on-site.
SWC_U31 2,209 ML
Metered data reported in Sydney Water Corporation’s Water Conservation and Recycling Implementation Report 2009–10.
Sydney Water Corporation.
This item represents the total metered volume of recycled water supplied for residential use.
| Water recycling plant | Recycled water supplied volume (ML) |
|---|---|
| Rouse Hill | 2,209 |
The volume is based on measured data. Estimated uncertainty based on meter accuracy is +/–2%.
Nil.
SWC_U32 7,537 ML
Metered data reported in Sydney Water Corporation’s Water Conservation and Recycling Implementation Report 2009–10.
Sydney Water Corporation.
This item represents the total metered volume of recycled water supplied for commercial, industrial and municipal uses. The total volume includes:
| Water recycling plant | Volume supplied (ML) | Recycled water use |
|---|---|---|
| Wollongong | 6,657 | Industrial |
| Bombo | 85 | Municipal |
| Castle Hill | 100 | |
| Liverpool | 140 | |
| Penrith | 20 | |
| Quakers Hill | 98 | |
| Richmond | 353 | |
| St Marys | 84 | |
| Total | 7,537 |
The volume is based on measured data. Estimated uncertainty based on meter accuracy is +/–2%.
Nil.
SWC_U33: 7,623 ML (including 5,643 ML as SWC_U33 for agriculture; and 1,980 ML as SWC_U33 for environment).
Metered data reported in Sydney Water Corporation’s Water Conservation and Recycling Implementation Report 2009–10.
Sydney Water Corporation.
This item represents the total metered volume of recycled water supplied other than for residential, commercial, industrial and municipal uses. The total volume includes:
The volumes have been extracted from measured data used in Sydney Water Corporation’s Water Conservation and Recycling Implementation Report 2009–10. Measured data are based on flow meter readings at water recycling plants.
The flow meter data are continually monitored and recorded using the Integrated Instrumentation Control Automation and Telemetry System (IICATS). The data are stored within an internal data management system. Adjustments are made to the data (if necessary) to correct any interruptions, errors and so on. Data have been extracted for the reporting period from the data management system.
| Water recycling plant | Volume supplied (ML) | Recycled water end use |
|---|---|---|
| Gerroa | 141 | Agriculture |
| Picton | 466 | |
| Quakers Hill | 101 | |
| St Mary’s | 2,483 | |
| West Camden | 627 | |
| West Camden | 1,825 | |
| St Marys | 1,980 | Environment |
| Total | 7,623 |
The volume is based on measured data. Estimated uncertainty based on meter accuracy is +/–2%.
Nil.
SWC_U34 16,314 ML
Data sourced from DataMart data management system and presented in Sydney Water Corporation’s Water Conservation and Recycling Implementation Report 2009–10.
Sydney Water Corporation.
This item represents the total metered volume of recycled water used on-site. The total volume has been derived from measured data, sourced from DataMartdata management system, on recycled water used on-site at each treatment plant.
| Wastewater treatment plant/water recycling plant | Recycled water use on-site (ML) |
|---|---|
| Bellambi | 0 |
| Bombo | 85 |
| Bondi | 1,464 |
| Brooklyn | 46 |
| Castle Hill | 294 |
| Cronulla | 1,076 |
| Fairfield | 0 |
| Gerroa | 102 |
| Glenfield | 3,028 |
| Hornsby Heights | 483 |
| Liverpool | 1,215 |
| Malabar | 607 |
| North Head | 2,583 |
| North Richmond | 5 |
| Penrith | 301 |
| Picton | 3 |
| Port Kembla | 0 |
| Quakers Hill | 133 |
| Richmond | 101 |
| Riverstone | 399 |
| Rouse Hill | 553 |
| Shellharbour | 486 |
| St Marys | 1,022 |
| Wallacia | 23 |
| Warriewood | 567 |
| West Camden | 424 |
| West Hornsby | 215 |
| Winmalee | 86 |
| Wollongong | 1,013 |
| Total | 16,314 |
The volume is based on measured data. Estimated uncertainty based on meter accuracy is +/–2%.
Information is not available to clarify whether this volume of recycled water was used for either on-site indoor purposes, or on-site outdoor or irrigation purposes.
National Water Account 2010
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