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An extended list of climate statistics recorded is provided below. There is also a summary table for printing with the commonly requested statistics and a map showing the location of this site. Monthly statistics are only included if there are more than 10 years of suitable data.
Note: Many statistics are updated quarterly and recent weather events may not be represented in the statistics below. For more current information on recent extreme values, please refer to the corresponding Daily rainfall, Maximum temperature and Minimum temperature data tables for this site, and our Australian Climate and Weather Extremes Monitoring System. Missing observations associated with the observer being unavailable (where observations are undertaken manually), a failure in the observing equipment, or when an event has produced suspect data may result in an extreme event not being recorded.Site name: KAROONDA | Site number: 025006 | Commenced: 1914 | Map | |
Latitude: 35.09° S | Longitude: 139.90° E | Elevation: 72 m | Operational status: Open |
Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
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Temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Maximum temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean maximum temperature (°C) | 31.7 | 30.6 | 28.2 | 23.6 | 19.1 | 16.1 | 15.7 | 17.4 | 20.5 | 24.0 | 27.6 | 29.7 | 23.7 | 19 | 2002 2025 |
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Highest temperature (°C) | 46.3 | 46.3 | 42.2 | 38.0 | 29.5 | 24.9 | 26.8 | 32.0 | 34.1 | 39.2 | 44.2 | 47.6 | 47.6 | 23 | 2002 2025 |
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Date | 24 Jan 2019 | 14 Feb 2004 | 15 Mar 2025 | 09 Apr 2018 | 08 May 2013 | 07 Jun 2005 | 29 Jul 2017 | 30 Aug 2007 | 12 Sep 2009 | 12 Oct 2004 | 20 Nov 2019 | 20 Dec 2019 | 20 Dec 2019 | ||||
Lowest maximum temperature (°C) | 17.6 | 17.0 | 18.2 | 13.9 | 9.5 | 10.5 | 8.0 | 9.8 | 11.6 | 12.6 | 15.1 | 16.5 | 8.0 | 23 | 2002 2025 |
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Date | 05 Jan 2020 | 29 Feb 2012 | 24 Mar 2011 | 27 Apr 2008 | 23 May 2006 | 29 Jun 2010 | 20 Jul 2013 | 03 Aug 2017 | 11 Sep 2004 | 15 Oct 2010 | 01 Nov 2022 | 19 Dec 2010 | 20 Jul 2013 | ||||
Decile 1 maximum temperature (°C) | 24.4 | 23.6 | 21.3 | 18.1 | 15.5 | 13.5 | 12.6 | 13.7 | 15.4 | 17.1 | 20.1 | 22.4 | 16 | 2002 2024 |
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Decile 9 maximum temperature(°C) | 40.1 | 38.5 | 35.0 | 29.6 | 23.7 | 19.0 | 18.5 | 22.0 | 27.0 | 31.5 | 36.1 | 38.4 | 16 | 2002 2024 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 30 °C | 16.3 | 13.2 | 9.7 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 4.3 | 9.0 | 12.8 | 69.4 | 23 | 2002 2025 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 35 °C | 8.3 | 6.4 | 3.5 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 3.7 | 6.5 | 29.8 | 23 | 2002 2025 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 40 °C | 3.3 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 2.0 | 8.0 | 23 | 2002 2025 |
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Minimum temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean minimum temperature (°C) | 14.5 | 14.1 | 12.3 | 9.7 | 7.1 | 5.5 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 8.4 | 11.2 | 13.0 | 9.3 | 19 | 2002 2025 |
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Lowest temperature (°C) | 6.4 | 6.8 | 4.0 | 0.6 | -3.0 | -4.0 | -3.1 | -2.3 | -1.9 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 4.3 | -4.0 | 23 | 2002 2025 |
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Date | 18 Jan 2004 | 29 Feb 2008 | 28 Mar 2008 | 22 Apr 2024 | 24 May 2006 | 15 Jun 2006 | 20 Jul 2015 | 10 Aug 2006 | 28 Sep 2003 | 31 Oct 2016 | 03 Nov 2003 | 18 Dec 2016 | 15 Jun 2006 | ||||
Highest minimum temperature (°C) | 28.4 | 26.9 | 25.0 | 21.0 | 15.5 | 14.0 | 12.7 | 13.1 | 17.5 | 20.6 | 26.5 | 28.8 | 28.8 | 23 | 2002 2025 |
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Date | 22 Jan 2006 | 01 Feb 2011 | 14 Mar 2008 | 17 Apr 2019 | 18 May 2014 | 10 Jun 2005 | 28 Jul 2021 | 21 Aug 2015 | 19 Sep 2020 | 20 Oct 2011 | 13 Nov 2008 | 07 Dec 2015 | 07 Dec 2015 | ||||
Decile 1 minimum temperature (°C) | 10.0 | 9.5 | 7.8 | 5.4 | 3.0 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 6.4 | 8.0 | 16 | 2002 2024 |
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Decile 9 minimum temperature (°C) | 20.1 | 19.2 | 16.9 | 14.2 | 11.6 | 9.2 | 8.5 | 8.9 | 11.2 | 13.5 | 16.5 | 18.6 | 16 | 2002 2024 |
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Mean number of days ≤ 2 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.7 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 2.7 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 18.6 | 23 | 2002 2025 |
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Mean number of days ≤ 0 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.8 | 23 | 2002 2025 |
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Ground surface temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily ground minimum temperature (°C) | 14.2 | 13.4 | 11.7 | 8.8 | 6.1 | 4.4 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 5.7 | 7.9 | 11.0 | 12.2 | 8.6 | 19 | 2004 2025 |
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Lowest ground temperature (°C) | 5.0 | 4.8 | 3.5 | 1.0 | -3.1 | -5.2 | -5.5 | -3.2 | -5.4 | 0.5 | 2.4 | 4.0 | -5.5 | 20 | 2004 2025 |
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Date | 14 Jan 2013 | 09 Feb 2008 | 28 Mar 2008 | 21 Apr 2021 | 25 May 2006 | 15 Jun 2006 | 21 Jul 2006 | 30 Aug 2019 | 01 Sep 2007 | 14 Oct 2005 | 03 Nov 2004 | 15 Dec 2006 | 21 Jul 2006 | ||||
Mean number of days ground min. temp. ≤ -1 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.4 | 20 | 2004 2025 |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
Rainfall | |||||||||||||||||
Mean rainfall (mm) | 17.7 | 19.5 | 16.8 | 24.1 | 34.6 | 34.6 | 34.6 | 37.4 | 34.9 | 31.8 | 24.6 | 24.3 | 334.8 | 111 | 1914 2025 |
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Highest rainfall (mm) | 98.2 | 113.1 | 114.6 | 109.2 | 98.4 | 111.1 | 79.2 | 80.6 | 119.3 | 93.6 | 80.0 | 142.4 | 601.4 | 111 | 1914 2025 |
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Date | 1941 | 1969 | 2011 | 1961 | 1921 | 1932 | 1996 | 1930 | 2016 | 2022 | 1939 | 2010 | 1992 | ||||
Lowest rainfall (mm) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 6.2 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 147.7 | 111 | 1914 2025 |
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Date | 2019 | 1991 | 1994 | 1993 | 1934 | 1958 | 1982 | 1914 | 1938 | 2006 | 1967 | 1981 | 1967 | ||||
Decile 1 rainfall (mm) | 1.3 | 0.5 | 1.3 | 2.8 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 14.2 | 11.3 | 12.3 | 6.0 | 5.4 | 3.6 | 112 | n/a n/a |
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Decile 5 (median) rainfall (mm) | 11.6 | 11.0 | 8.4 | 18.6 | 31.3 | 29.7 | 32.9 | 37.4 | 31.1 | 32.0 | 22.1 | 17.8 | 112 | n/a n/a |
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Decile 9 rainfall (mm) | 42.4 | 54.8 | 37.5 | 53.4 | 61.4 | 57.3 | 57.0 | 61.8 | 63.8 | 57.5 | 47.2 | 52.6 | 112 | n/a n/a |
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Highest daily rainfall (mm) | 66.0 | 71.6 | 80.3 | 56.4 | 53.3 | 47.2 | 33.3 | 33.0 | 28.0 | 50.3 | 41.9 | 73.6 | 80.3 | 106 | 1914 2025 |
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Date | 25 Jan 1952 | 06 Feb 1973 | 16 Mar 1946 | 24 Apr 1940 | 26 May 1955 | 12 Jun 1932 | 25 Jul 1936 | 24 Aug 1920 | 30 Sep 2021 | 10 Oct 1951 | 05 Nov 1921 | 08 Dec 2010 | 16 Mar 1946 | ||||
Mean number of days of rain | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 6.8 | 9.8 | 10.8 | 12.5 | 12.4 | 10.3 | 8.3 | 6.3 | 5.2 | 93.5 | 111 | 1914 2025 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 1 mm | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 4.3 | 6.4 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 8.2 | 6.7 | 5.7 | 4.1 | 3.4 | 61.0 | 106 | 1914 2025 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 10 mm | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 7.8 | 106 | 1914 2025 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 25 mm | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 1.3 | 106 | 1914 2025 |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
Other daily elements | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily wind run (km) | |
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Maximum wind gust speed (km/h) | |
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Mean daily sunshine (hours) | |
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Mean daily solar exposure (MJ/m2) | 27.4 | 24.4 | 19.3 | 13.8 | 9.9 | 8.2 | 9.0 | 11.9 | 16.0 | 20.6 | 24.4 | 26.8 | 17.6 | 35 | 1990 2025 |
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Mean number of clear days | 8 | 2002 2010 |
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Mean number of cloudy days | 8 | 2002 2010 |
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Mean daily evaporation (mm) | |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
9 am conditions | |||||||||||||||||
Mean 9am temperature (°C) | 8 | 2002 2010 |
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Mean 9am wet-bulb temperature (°C) | 8 | 2002 2010 |
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Mean 9am dew-point temperature (°C) | 8 | 2002 2010 |
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Mean 9am relative humidity (%) | 8 | 2002 2010 |
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Mean 9am cloud cover (oktas) | 8 | 2002 2010 |
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Mean 9am wind speed (km/h) | 8 | 2002 2010 |
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9am wind speed vs direction plot | ![]() |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
3 pm conditions | |||||||||||||||||
Mean 3pm temperature (°C) | 8 | 2002 2010 |
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Mean 3pm wet-bulb temperature (°C) | 8 | 2002 2010 |
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Mean 3pm dew-point temperature (°C) | 8 | 2002 2010 |
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Mean 3pm relative humidity (%) | 8 | 2002 2010 |
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Mean 3pm cloud cover (oktas) | 8 | 2002 2010 |
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Mean 3pm wind speed (km/h) | 8 | 2002 2010 |
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3pm wind speed vs direction plot | ![]() |
Monthly statistics are only included if there are more than 10 years of data. The number of years (provided in the 2nd last column of the table) may differ between elements if the observing program at the site changed. More detailed data for individual sites can be obtained by contacting the Bureau.