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An extended list of climate statistics recorded is provided below. There is also a summary table for printing with the commonly requested statistics and a map showing the location of this site. Monthly statistics are only included if there are more than 10 years of suitable data.
Note: Many statistics are updated quarterly and recent weather events may not be represented in the statistics below. For more current information on recent extreme values, please refer to the corresponding Daily rainfall, Maximum temperature and Minimum temperature data tables for this site, and our Australian Climate and Weather Extremes Monitoring System. Missing observations associated with the observer being unavailable (where observations are undertaken manually), a failure in the observing equipment, or when an event has produced suspect data may result in an extreme event not being recorded.Site name: ORCHARD HILLS TREATMENT WORKS | Site number: 067084 | Commenced: 1970 | Map | |
Latitude: 33.80° S | Longitude: 150.71° E | Elevation: 93 m | Operational status: Open |
Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
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Temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Maximum temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean maximum temperature (°C) | 28.3 | 27.8 | 26.5 | 23.8 | 20.4 | 17.3 | 17.2 | 18.9 | 21.8 | 23.9 | 25.8 | 28.5 | 23.4 | 16 | 1970 1989 |
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Highest temperature (°C) | 42.0 | 42.5 | 40.4 | 34.6 | 27.4 | 25.0 | 28.0 | 30.6 | 35.2 | 40.0 | 42.5 | 40.5 | 42.5 | 16 | 1970 1989 |
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Date | 30 Jan 1977 | 01 Feb 1977 | 09 Mar 1983 | 03 Apr 1980 | 11 May 1980 | 01 Jun 1976 | 31 Jul 1975 | 30 Aug 1982 | 30 Sep 1980 | 21 Oct 1988 | 25 Nov 1982 | 05 Dec 1981 | 25 Nov 1982 | ||||
Lowest maximum temperature (°C) | 16.7 | 17.0 | 15.5 | 16.5 | 12.6 | 10.0 | 9.5 | 11.4 | 12.8 | 13.0 | 12.0 | 16.7 | 9.5 | 16 | 1970 1989 |
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Date | 25 Jan 1972 | 08 Feb 1973 | 27 Mar 1989 | 21 Apr 1974 | 31 May 1981 | 12 Jun 1975 | 22 Jul 1984 | 16 Aug 1972 | 20 Sep 1982 | 09 Oct 1982 | 16 Nov 1988 | 15 Dec 1971 | 22 Jul 1984 | ||||
Decile 1 maximum temperature (°C) | 22.5 | 22.0 | 21.7 | 19.5 | 16.6 | 14.9 | 14.5 | 15.5 | 17.0 | 18.5 | 20.0 | 22.0 | 17 | 1970 1989 |
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Decile 9 maximum temperature(°C) | 35.0 | 33.6 | 31.5 | 27.8 | 23.8 | 19.5 | 19.8 | 22.5 | 27.0 | 30.0 | 32.6 | 35.5 | 17 | 1970 1989 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 30 °C | 10.4 | 8.1 | 5.7 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.0 | 3.4 | 6.2 | 11.6 | 47.4 | 16 | 1970 1989 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 35 °C | 3.2 | 2.1 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 1.1 | 4.7 | 12.2 | 16 | 1970 1989 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 40 °C | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 1.4 | 16 | 1970 1989 |
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Minimum temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean minimum temperature (°C) | 16.9 | 17.4 | 16.0 | 13.0 | 9.6 | 7.0 | 5.3 | 5.9 | 8.7 | 11.1 | 13.2 | 15.5 | 11.6 | 15 | 1971 1989 |
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Lowest temperature (°C) | 6.5 | 11.1 | 8.0 | 1.6 | 1.8 | -1.1 | -1.5 | -1.0 | 1.5 | 3.9 | 1.0 | 5.0 | -1.5 | 15 | 1971 1989 |
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Date | 30 Jan 1975 | 22 Feb 1972 | 28 Mar 1984 | 16 Apr 1972 | 23 May 1982 | 26 Jun 1971 | 16 Jul 1978 | 17 Aug 1971 | 14 Sep 1972 | 08 Oct 1971 | 07 Nov 1974 | 01 Dec 1974 | 16 Jul 1978 | ||||
Highest minimum temperature (°C) | 29.8 | 24.0 | 22.5 | 22.4 | 17.2 | 15.0 | 13.9 | 16.0 | 15.5 | 18.0 | 26.1 | 25.0 | 29.8 | 15 | 1971 1989 |
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Date | 09 Jan 1983 | 21 Feb 1978 | 23 Mar 1978 | 11 Apr 1983 | 10 May 1980 | 25 Jun 1973 | 06 Jul 1988 | 18 Aug 1988 | 28 Sep 1979 | 31 Oct 1975 | 04 Nov 1971 | 13 Dec 1975 | 09 Jan 1983 | ||||
Decile 1 minimum temperature (°C) | 13.5 | 14.7 | 13.0 | 9.0 | 5.6 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 3.0 | 5.0 | 7.5 | 9.5 | 11.5 | 15 | 1971 1989 |
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Decile 9 minimum temperature (°C) | 20.0 | 20.0 | 18.9 | 16.5 | 13.5 | 10.6 | 9.0 | 9.4 | 12.3 | 14.5 | 17.0 | 19.0 | 15 | 1971 1989 |
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Mean number of days ≤ 2 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.3 | 3.7 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 6.9 | 15 | 1971 1989 |
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Mean number of days ≤ 0 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 15 | 1971 1989 |
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Ground surface temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily ground minimum temperature (°C) | |
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Lowest ground temperature (°C) | |
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Mean number of days ground min. temp. ≤ -1 °C | |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
Rainfall | |||||||||||||||||
Mean rainfall (mm) | 99.3 | 112.9 | 93.2 | 63.7 | 55.3 | 56.0 | 36.3 | 40.1 | 36.8 | 55.3 | 77.8 | 72.3 | 810.6 | 33 | 1970 2020 |
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Highest rainfall (mm) | 306.5 | 414.0 | 328.2 | 342.0 | 180.3 | 240.5 | 166.5 | 396.6 | 131.3 | 159.1 | 188.2 | 203.7 | 1363.0 | 47 | 1970 2020 |
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Date | 1972 | 1990 | 1978 | 1988 | 1988 | 2016 | 1984 | 1986 | 1995 | 1972 | 1986 | 1970 | 1978 | ||||
Lowest rainfall (mm) | 4.4 | 7.7 | 3.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 7.8 | 1.0 | 457.8 | 47 | 1970 2020 |
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Date | 1994 | 1991 | 1986 | 1975 | 1975 | 2001 | 1972 | 1995 | 1981 | 1988 | 1982 | 1974 | 2019 | ||||
Decile 1 rainfall (mm) | 22.8 | 19.0 | 21.0 | 8.6 | 6.1 | 8.7 | 2.6 | 1.7 | 6.0 | 6.9 | 19.2 | 19.7 | 487.4 | 48 | 1970 2020 |
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Decile 5 (median) rainfall (mm) | 85.6 | 85.6 | 75.1 | 37.2 | 42.2 | 32.8 | 20.8 | 19.2 | 30.4 | 42.0 | 59.7 | 56.5 | 832.4 | 48 | 1970 2020 |
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Decile 9 rainfall (mm) | 170.5 | 244.3 | 205.0 | 136.2 | 130.4 | 141.6 | 90.6 | 81.1 | 71.7 | 143.5 | 154.5 | 134.9 | 1033.8 | 48 | 1970 2020 |
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Highest daily rainfall (mm) | 110.0 | 124.0 | 117.0 | 84.0 | 136.2 | 100.0 | 100.4 | 241.0 | 73.0 | 69.0 | 68.0 | 130.0 | 241.0 | 49 | 1970 2020 |
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Date | 29 Jan 2013 | 03 Feb 1990 | 20 Mar 1978 | 30 Apr 1988 | 01 May 1988 | 06 Jun 2016 | 06 Jul 1988 | 06 Aug 1986 | 25 Sep 1995 | 25 Oct 1987 | 03 Nov 1981 | 26 Dec 1978 | 06 Aug 1986 | ||||
Mean number of days of rain | 10.6 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 7.9 | 7.4 | 7.7 | 6.1 | 5.8 | 6.8 | 8.9 | 10.3 | 9.2 | 102.1 | 48 | 1970 2020 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 1 mm | 8.4 | 8.6 | 8.2 | 6.2 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 7.2 | 76.8 | 49 | 1970 2020 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 10 mm | 2.9 | 3.1 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 23.2 | 49 | 1970 2020 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 25 mm | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 7.6 | 49 | 1970 2020 |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
Other daily elements | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily wind run (km) | |
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Maximum wind gust speed (km/h) | |
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Mean daily sunshine (hours) | |
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Mean daily solar exposure (MJ/m2) | 21.8 | 18.9 | 16.3 | 13.6 | 10.6 | 8.8 | 10.0 | 13.3 | 16.8 | 19.6 | 20.9 | 22.3 | 16.1 | 31 | 1990 2021 |
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Mean number of clear days | 5.3 | 4.9 | 6.5 | 8.6 | 8.8 | 9.5 | 12.0 | 14.5 | 10.5 | 7.7 | 7.0 | 7.3 | 102.6 | 15 | 1971 1989 |
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Mean number of cloudy days | 13.3 | 10.9 | 12.8 | 9.5 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 7.9 | 11.8 | 11.5 | 11.1 | 118.9 | 15 | 1971 1989 |
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Mean daily evaporation (mm) | |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
9 am conditions | |||||||||||||||||
Mean 9am temperature (°C) | 21.1 | 20.8 | 20.2 | 17.4 | 13.7 | 10.4 | 9.5 | 11.1 | 14.7 | 17.5 | 18.8 | 20.9 | 16.3 | 16 | 1970 1989 |
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Mean 9am wet-bulb temperature (°C) | 18.6 | 18.7 | 17.8 | 15.1 | 11.7 | 8.6 | 7.5 | 8.7 | 11.4 | 14.2 | 15.7 | 17.4 | 13.8 | 11 | 1971 1989 |
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Mean 9am dew-point temperature (°C) | 2 | 1985 1989 |
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Mean 9am relative humidity (%) | 2 | 1985 1989 |
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Mean 9am cloud cover (oktas) | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 15 | 1971 1989 |
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Mean 9am wind speed (km/h) | 5.3 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 4.4 | 6.7 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 14 | 1972 1989 |
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9am wind speed vs direction plot | ![]() |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
3 pm conditions | |||||||||||||||||
Mean 3pm temperature (°C) | 26.8 | 26.3 | 25.2 | 22.5 | 19.2 | 16.3 | 16.0 | 17.8 | 20.3 | 22.1 | 24.4 | 26.9 | 22.0 | 16 | 1970 1989 |
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Mean 3pm wet-bulb temperature (°C) | 20.9 | 20.6 | 19.4 | 17.3 | 14.4 | 11.9 | 11.1 | 12.1 | 13.8 | 16.0 | 17.7 | 19.3 | 16.2 | 11 | 1971 1989 |
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Mean 3pm dew-point temperature (°C) | 2 | 1985 1989 |
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Mean 3pm relative humidity (%) | 2 | 1985 1989 |
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Mean 3pm cloud cover (oktas) | 5.0 | 5.1 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 15 | 1971 1989 |
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Mean 3pm wind speed (km/h) | 11.1 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 8.3 | 10.6 | 9.9 | 10.7 | 13.4 | 11.2 | 12.9 | 13.2 | 10.8 | 14 | 1972 1989 |
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3pm wind speed vs direction plot | ![]() |
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Monthly statistics are only included if there are more than 10 years of data. The number of years (provided in the 2nd last column of the table) may differ between elements if the observing program at the site changed. More detailed data for individual sites can be obtained by contacting the Bureau.