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An extended list of climate statistics recorded is provided below. There is also a summary table for printing with the commonly requested statistics and a map showing the location of this site. Monthly statistics are only included if there are more than 10 years of suitable data.
Note: Many statistics are updated quarterly and recent weather events may not be represented in the statistics below. For more current information on recent extreme values, please refer to the corresponding Daily rainfall, Maximum temperature and Minimum temperature data tables for this site, and our Australian Climate and Weather Extremes Monitoring System. Missing observations associated with the observer being unavailable (where observations are undertaken manually), a failure in the observing equipment, or when an event has produced suspect data may result in an extreme event not being recorded.Site name: ST ARNAUD | Site number: 079040 | Commenced: 1880 | Map | |
Latitude: 36.62° S | Longitude: 143.26° E | Elevation: 240 m | Operational status: Open |
Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
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Temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Maximum temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean maximum temperature (°C) | 29.4 | 29.1 | 25.8 | 20.7 | 16.1 | 13.0 | 12.3 | 13.9 | 16.9 | 20.3 | 24.3 | 27.5 | 20.8 | 85 | 1896 1982 |
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Highest temperature (°C) | 44.3 | 42.9 | 39.3 | 32.8 | 27.0 | 22.8 | 22.2 | 26.1 | 31.7 | 35.6 | 39.9 | 42.2 | 44.3 | 26 | 1957 1982 |
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Date | 31 Jan 1968 | 24 Feb 1968 | 02 Mar 1965 | 06 Apr 1964 | 08 May 1978 | 05 Jun 1957 | 30 Jul 1975 | 26 Aug 1977 | 29 Sep 1961 | 30 Oct 1965 | 24 Nov 1982 | 10 Dec 1980 | 31 Jan 1968 | ||||
Lowest maximum temperature (°C) | 15.8 | 17.2 | 11.3 | 8.9 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 1.7 | 6.1 | 7.1 | 9.1 | 12.8 | 14.6 | 1.7 | 26 | 1957 1982 |
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Date | 11 Jan 1975 | 24 Feb 1964 | 29 Mar 1973 | 21 Apr 1960 | 31 May 1977 | 24 Jun 1966 | 04 Jul 1964 | 11 Aug 1960 | 13 Sep 1969 | 01 Oct 1968 | 07 Nov 1971 | 08 Dec 1982 | 04 Jul 1964 | ||||
Decile 1 maximum temperature (°C) | 23.3 | 23.0 | 20.3 | 16.0 | 12.2 | 10.6 | 9.9 | 10.9 | 12.2 | 15.1 | 17.7 | 20.0 | 25 | 1957 1982 |
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Decile 9 maximum temperature(°C) | 37.2 | 36.7 | 32.2 | 27.2 | 21.1 | 16.1 | 14.9 | 18.1 | 21.7 | 27.1 | 31.9 | 35.2 | 25 | 1957 1982 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 30 °C | 14.7 | 12.2 | 6.7 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.2 | 4.6 | 9.5 | 49.6 | 26 | 1957 1982 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 35 °C | 5.9 | 4.7 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 3.2 | 15.4 | 26 | 1957 1982 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 40 °C | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 1.7 | 26 | 1957 1982 |
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Minimum temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean minimum temperature (°C) | 13.5 | 13.8 | 11.7 | 8.6 | 6.1 | 4.2 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 5.7 | 7.6 | 9.8 | 12.1 | 8.4 | 85 | 1896 1982 |
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Lowest temperature (°C) | 5.6 | 4.4 | -0.6 | 0.0 | -1.6 | -3.7 | -4.0 | -2.4 | -4.8 | -0.4 | 1.2 | 3.3 | -4.8 | 25 | 1957 1982 |
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Date | 28 Jan 1964 | 20 Feb 1965 | 16 Mar 1964 | 27 Apr 1978 | 20 May 1973 | 16 Jun 1969 | 04 Jul 1974 | 08 Aug 1970 | 11 Sep 1969 | 15 Oct 1970 | 12 Nov 1977 | 17 Dec 1964 | 11 Sep 1969 | ||||
Highest minimum temperature (°C) | 26.7 | 26.7 | 21.7 | 20.3 | 15.6 | 12.0 | 10.1 | 12.6 | 15.1 | 20.7 | 22.2 | 25.6 | 26.7 | 25 | 1957 1982 |
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Date | 16 Jan 1960 | 09 Feb 1970 | 18 Mar 1968 | 05 Apr 1981 | 15 May 1963 | 10 Jun 1967 | 21 Jul 1981 | 30 Aug 1982 | 30 Sep 1980 | 30 Oct 1965 | 28 Nov 1958 | 28 Dec 1961 | 09 Feb 1970 | ||||
Decile 1 minimum temperature (°C) | 9.4 | 9.4 | 7.1 | 4.6 | 1.8 | -0.1 | -0.6 | 0.5 | 1.6 | 3.6 | 5.1 | 7.6 | 24 | 1957 1982 |
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Decile 9 minimum temperature (°C) | 19.4 | 19.4 | 16.2 | 12.7 | 9.6 | 7.8 | 6.2 | 7.2 | 9.4 | 12.2 | 14.5 | 17.8 | 24 | 1957 1982 |
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Mean number of days ≤ 2 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 3.4 | 8.0 | 10.5 | 6.6 | 3.4 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 33.2 | 25 | 1957 1982 |
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Mean number of days ≤ 0 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 3.3 | 4.8 | 2.2 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 11.2 | 25 | 1957 1982 |
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Ground surface temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily ground minimum temperature (°C) | 1 | 1972 1973 |
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Lowest ground temperature (°C) | 1 | 1972 1973 |
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Date | |||||||||||||||||
Mean number of days ground min. temp. ≤ -1 °C | 1 | 1972 1973 |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
Rainfall | |||||||||||||||||
Mean rainfall (mm) | 28.7 | 26.2 | 27.1 | 36.3 | 51.1 | 56.5 | 55.0 | 55.0 | 48.2 | 47.3 | 36.2 | 30.7 | 498.9 | 144 | 1880 2025 |
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Highest rainfall (mm) | 225.8 | 170.9 | 136.0 | 168.6 | 169.0 | 157.4 | 143.7 | 146.9 | 120.8 | 263.6 | 154.5 | 126.8 | 949.4 | 144 | 1880 2025 |
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Date | 2011 | 1973 | 1983 | 1939 | 1956 | 1991 | 1923 | 1909 | 1979 | 1975 | 1887 | 1933 | 1973 | ||||
Lowest rainfall (mm) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.4 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 204.4 | 144 | 1880 2025 |
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Date | 2019 | 2024 | 2018 | 2019 | 1934 | 2017 | 1899 | 1944 | 1914 | 1914 | 1880 | 1972 | 1914 | ||||
Decile 1 rainfall (mm) | 1.0 | 0.4 | 1.5 | 5.4 | 12.2 | 21.5 | 19.2 | 20.4 | 16.0 | 11.0 | 8.1 | 6.6 | 146 | n/a n/a |
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Decile 5 (median) rainfall (mm) | 17.6 | 14.7 | 21.5 | 25.9 | 43.5 | 54.9 | 53.8 | 52.7 | 42.2 | 41.2 | 28.5 | 23.9 | 146 | n/a n/a |
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Decile 9 rainfall (mm) | 66.5 | 69.0 | 60.3 | 75.6 | 93.9 | 99.1 | 89.7 | 93.9 | 97.3 | 89.1 | 82.0 | 68.2 | 146 | n/a n/a |
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Highest daily rainfall (mm) | 146.1 | 71.1 | 63.0 | 90.2 | 57.6 | 52.1 | 58.2 | 43.2 | 65.0 | 61.7 | 87.4 | 63.5 | 146.1 | 142 | 1880 2025 |
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Date | 09 Jan 1897 | 07 Feb 1957 | 06 Mar 1956 | 08 Apr 1890 | 18 May 1978 | 15 Jun 1898 | 14 Jul 1903 | 20 Aug 1909 | 04 Sep 2010 | 11 Oct 1948 | 04 Nov 2021 | 26 Dec 1933 | 09 Jan 1897 | ||||
Mean number of days of rain | 3.8 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 6.1 | 9.5 | 11.4 | 13.2 | 12.6 | 10.4 | 8.6 | 6.5 | 5.3 | 95.2 | 144 | 1880 2025 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 1 mm | 2.8 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 4.4 | 6.9 | 8.1 | 9.1 | 9.0 | 7.6 | 6.6 | 4.8 | 3.9 | 68.9 | 142 | 1880 2025 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 10 mm | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 14.6 | 142 | 1880 2025 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 25 mm | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 3.0 | 142 | 1880 2025 |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
Other daily elements | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily wind run (km) | |
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Maximum wind gust speed (km/h) | |
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Date | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily sunshine (hours) | |
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Mean daily solar exposure (MJ/m2) | 27.1 | 24.0 | 18.9 | 13.2 | 9.2 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 10.9 | 15.1 | 20.4 | 24.0 | 26.9 | 17.1 | 35 | 1990 2025 |
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Mean number of clear days | 12.9 | 12.7 | 9.1 | 8.5 | 5.3 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 11.1 | 91.4 | 16 | 1967 1982 |
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Mean number of cloudy days | 6.1 | 5.1 | 8.2 | 9.9 | 15.3 | 15.2 | 17.2 | 14.8 | 13.6 | 11.3 | 9.3 | 7.7 | 133.7 | 16 | 1967 1982 |
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Mean daily evaporation (mm) | |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
9 am conditions | |||||||||||||||||
Mean 9am temperature (°C) | 20.6 | 20.0 | 17.5 | 13.5 | 9.8 | 7.0 | 6.2 | 7.8 | 10.7 | 13.9 | 16.9 | 19.2 | 13.6 | 75 | 1908 1982 |
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Mean 9am wet-bulb temperature (°C) | 14.6 | 14.8 | 13.3 | 10.8 | 8.5 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 6.6 | 8.5 | 10.5 | 12.2 | 13.5 | 10.4 | 74 | 1908 1982 |
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Mean 9am dew-point temperature (°C) | 8 | 1957 1970 |
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Mean 9am relative humidity (%) | 48 | 53 | 59 | 70 | 81 | 87 | 87 | 82 | 73 | 64 | 55 | 49 | 67 | 65 | 1899 1970 |
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Mean 9am cloud cover (oktas) | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 3.3 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 3.5 | 73 | 1908 1982 |
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Mean 9am wind speed (km/h) | 8.2 | 8.1 | 7.8 | 6.4 | 5.2 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 6.4 | 8.3 | 8.6 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 7.3 | 24 | 1957 1982 |
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9am wind speed vs direction plot | ![]() |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
3 pm conditions | |||||||||||||||||
Mean 3pm temperature (°C) | 28.0 | 28.0 | 23.9 | 19.6 | 14.9 | 11.8 | 11.2 | 12.9 | 15.3 | 18.9 | 22.6 | 25.6 | 19.4 | 29 | 1908 1982 |
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Mean 3pm wet-bulb temperature (°C) | 17.4 | 17.8 | 16.0 | 13.5 | 11.1 | 9.3 | 8.7 | 9.6 | 10.8 | 12.6 | 14.4 | 15.9 | 13.1 | 29 | 1908 1982 |
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Mean 3pm dew-point temperature (°C) | 0 | 1970 1970 |
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Mean 3pm relative humidity (%) | 31 | 33 | 43 | 49 | 61 | 74 | 70 | 68 | 55 | 47 | 37 | 36 | 50 | 14 | 1908 1970 |
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Mean 3pm cloud cover (oktas) | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 29 | 1908 1982 |
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Mean 3pm wind speed (km/h) | 12.7 | 11.8 | 11.5 | 11.2 | 10.6 | 8.8 | 10.9 | 12.6 | 13.6 | 12.6 | 14.4 | 14.8 | 12.1 | 15 | 1967 1982 |
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3pm wind speed vs direction plot | ![]() |
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Monthly statistics are only included if there are more than 10 years of data. The number of years (provided in the 2nd last column of the table) may differ between elements if the observing program at the site changed. More detailed data for individual sites can be obtained by contacting the Bureau.