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An extended list of climate statistics recorded is provided below. There is also a summary table for printing with the commonly requested statistics and a map showing the location of this site. Monthly statistics are only included if there are more than 10 years of suitable data.
Note: Many statistics are updated quarterly and recent weather events may not be represented in the statistics below. For more current information on recent extreme values, please refer to the corresponding Daily rainfall, Maximum temperature and Minimum temperature data tables for this site, and our Australian Climate and Weather Extremes Monitoring System. Missing observations associated with the observer being unavailable (where observations are undertaken manually), a failure in the observing equipment, or when an event has produced suspect data may result in an extreme event not being recorded.Site name: NOWA NOWA | Site number: 084028 | Commenced: 1948 | Map | |
Latitude: 37.73° S | Longitude: 148.10° E | Elevation: 30 m | Operational status: Open |
Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
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Temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Maximum temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean maximum temperature (°C) | 25.9 | 25.8 | 24.3 | 21.3 | 18.0 | 14.8 | 15.0 | 15.9 | 18.4 | 20.5 | 21.4 | 24.3 | 20.5 | 18 | 1948 1975 |
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Highest temperature (°C) | 44.3 | 43.2 | 39.4 | 32.9 | 28.5 | 22.2 | 23.1 | 24.8 | 31.3 | 31.8 | 37.6 | 37.7 | 44.3 | 11 | 1965 1975 |
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Date | 31 Jan 1968 | 25 Feb 1968 | 03 Mar 1965 | 12 Apr 1968 | 16 May 1974 | 10 Jun 1965 | 28 Jul 1975 | 28 Aug 1972 | 30 Sep 1973 | 28 Oct 1967 | 23 Nov 1966 | 22 Dec 1971 | 31 Jan 1968 | ||||
Lowest maximum temperature (°C) | 16.7 | 13.9 | 13.0 | 13.9 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 7.8 | 8.8 | 10.7 | 8.9 | 12.6 | 13.4 | 7.8 | 11 | 1965 1975 |
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Date | 18 Jan 1966 | 20 Feb 1966 | 23 Mar 1972 | 28 Apr 1970 | 06 May 1970 | 24 Jun 1971 | 28 Jul 1966 | 05 Aug 1970 | 11 Sep 1969 | 02 Oct 1966 | 27 Nov 1974 | 05 Dec 1966 | 28 Jul 1966 | ||||
Decile 1 maximum temperature (°C) | 20.1 | 20.2 | 19.0 | 17.0 | 13.8 | 12.2 | 11.9 | 12.2 | 12.9 | 14.3 | 15.8 | 17.6 | 10 | 1965 1975 |
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Decile 9 maximum temperature(°C) | 34.0 | 34.6 | 31.1 | 27.5 | 23.4 | 17.9 | 18.5 | 19.4 | 24.1 | 27.8 | 28.4 | 32.9 | 10 | 1965 1975 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 30 °C | 6.8 | 7.2 | 3.9 | 0.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 4.2 | 24.5 | 11 | 1965 1975 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 35 °C | 2.2 | 2.5 | 0.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 6.9 | 11 | 1965 1975 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 40 °C | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 11 | 1965 1975 |
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Minimum temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean minimum temperature (°C) | 11.9 | 12.9 | 11.0 | 7.8 | 5.6 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 4.5 | 7.0 | 8.6 | 10.6 | 7.3 | 18 | 1948 1975 |
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Lowest temperature (°C) | 3.3 | 3.9 | 3.0 | -1.8 | -2.0 | -3.7 | -4.4 | -3.7 | -2.3 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 2.9 | -4.4 | 10 | 1965 1975 |
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Date | 28 Jan 1965 | 15 Feb 1965 | 26 Mar 1975 | 27 Apr 1967 | 22 May 1973 | 07 Jun 1966 | 11 Jul 1969 | 10 Aug 1970 | 21 Sep 1970 | 02 Oct 1968 | 27 Nov 1971 | 06 Dec 1967 | 11 Jul 1969 | ||||
Highest minimum temperature (°C) | 21.1 | 26.7 | 19.1 | 15.7 | 14.6 | 10.3 | 14.0 | 12.6 | 17.4 | 14.6 | 16.1 | 20.0 | 26.7 | 10 | 1965 1975 |
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Date | 26 Jan 1966 | 24 Feb 1968 | 12 Mar 1969 | 11 Apr 1974 | 15 May 1974 | 24 Jun 1975 | 31 Jul 1975 | 07 Aug 1973 | 06 Sep 1972 | 09 Oct 1973 | 10 Nov 1972 | 30 Dec 1973 | 24 Feb 1968 | ||||
Decile 1 minimum temperature (°C) | 7.6 | 8.4 | 6.2 | 3.5 | 1.4 | -1.5 | -1.6 | -0.9 | 0.9 | 3.1 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 10 | 1965 1975 |
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Decile 9 minimum temperature (°C) | 16.9 | 17.8 | 15.6 | 12.2 | 9.3 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.7 | 8.2 | 11.4 | 12.5 | 15.8 | 10 | 1965 1975 |
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Mean number of days ≤ 2 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 2.3 | 7.1 | 10.2 | 7.7 | 4.0 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 32.5 | 10 | 1965 1975 |
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Mean number of days ≤ 0 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 3.3 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 14.3 | 10 | 1965 1975 |
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Ground surface temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily ground minimum temperature (°C) | |
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Lowest ground temperature (°C) | |
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Mean number of days ground min. temp. ≤ -1 °C | |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
Rainfall | |||||||||||||||||
Mean rainfall (mm) | 63.0 | 54.4 | 58.9 | 66.7 | 71.2 | 90.3 | 62.4 | 61.4 | 70.0 | 77.1 | 86.8 | 80.4 | 854.0 | 61 | 1948 2019 |
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Highest rainfall (mm) | 302.0 | 175.4 | 196.7 | 244.0 | 268.9 | 353.2 | 281.4 | 195.4 | 221.7 | 225.6 | 303.8 | 237.5 | 1433.4 | 69 | 1948 2019 |
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Date | 1949 | 1966 | 1952 | 1990 | 1963 | 2013 | 1984 | 1951 | 1993 | 1966 | 1988 | 1970 | 1978 | ||||
Lowest rainfall (mm) | 4.4 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 3.9 | 7.0 | 11.4 | 6.9 | 7.2 | 15.1 | 17.1 | 14.6 | 0.8 | 452.8 | 69 | 1948 2019 |
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Date | 2007 | 1983 | 1951 | 2018 | 1976 | 1979 | 1972 | 2002 | 1968 | 2006 | 1964 | 1972 | 1979 | ||||
Decile 1 rainfall (mm) | 12.6 | 10.5 | 15.6 | 17.5 | 18.6 | 22.9 | 16.9 | 26.0 | 30.8 | 33.2 | 35.3 | 30.0 | 577.2 | 70 | 1948 2019 |
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Decile 5 (median) rainfall (mm) | 46.4 | 43.5 | 45.8 | 55.3 | 48.6 | 69.6 | 50.8 | 52.0 | 62.0 | 75.2 | 74.4 | 65.8 | 810.7 | 70 | 1948 2019 |
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Decile 9 rainfall (mm) | 116.9 | 111.0 | 117.4 | 127.6 | 146.6 | 168.6 | 112.2 | 103.8 | 121.8 | 131.4 | 152.5 | 148.6 | 1164.7 | 70 | 1948 2019 |
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Highest daily rainfall (mm) | 197.6 | 80.2 | 98.8 | 124.5 | 101.4 | 172.8 | 87.6 | 128.8 | 87.1 | 106.7 | 161.7 | 104.9 | 197.6 | 69 | 1948 2019 |
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Date | 01 Jan 1949 | 03 Feb 2005 | 22 Mar 1952 | 22 Apr 1990 | 26 May 1981 | 24 Jun 1998 | 11 Jul 1957 | 11 Aug 2011 | 19 Sep 1960 | 04 Oct 1966 | 17 Nov 1988 | 10 Dec 1970 | 01 Jan 1949 | ||||
Mean number of days of rain | 8.6 | 7.9 | 9.1 | 8.9 | 11.6 | 12.3 | 12.1 | 12.9 | 12.1 | 12.7 | 11.3 | 10.6 | 130.1 | 70 | 1948 2019 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 1 mm | 6.2 | 5.9 | 6.6 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.3 | 8.1 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 9.6 | 8.8 | 8.0 | 93.0 | 69 | 1948 2019 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 10 mm | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 23.8 | 69 | 1948 2019 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 25 mm | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 7.1 | 69 | 1948 2019 |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
Other daily elements | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily wind run (km) | |
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Maximum wind gust speed (km/h) | |
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Date | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily sunshine (hours) | |
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Mean daily solar exposure (MJ/m2) | 22.8 | 19.5 | 16.0 | 11.6 | 8.3 | 6.6 | 7.6 | 10.6 | 14.1 | 18.1 | 20.7 | 22.6 | 14.9 | 29 | 1990 2019 |
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Mean number of clear days | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 3.1 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 5.1 | 44.4 | 10 | 1965 1975 |
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Mean number of cloudy days | 7.7 | 6.6 | 8.4 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 6.4 | 6.9 | 9.1 | 8.6 | 75.7 | 10 | 1965 1975 |
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Mean daily evaporation (mm) | |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
9 am conditions | |||||||||||||||||
Mean 9am temperature (°C) | 20.0 | 19.8 | 17.8 | 13.9 | 10.2 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 8.5 | 12.0 | 15.2 | 16.5 | 18.8 | 13.8 | 19 | 1948 1975 |
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Mean 9am wet-bulb temperature (°C) | 16.1 | 16.4 | 15.3 | 12.1 | 8.9 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 7.0 | 9.6 | 12.1 | 13.1 | 14.9 | 11.4 | 18 | 1948 1975 |
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Mean 9am dew-point temperature (°C) | |
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Mean 9am relative humidity (%) | 8 | 1948 1956 |
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Mean 9am cloud cover (oktas) | 4.2 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 19 | 1948 1975 |
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Mean 9am wind speed (km/h) | 7 | 1965 1975 |
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9am wind speed vs direction plot | ![]() |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
3 pm conditions | |||||||||||||||||
Mean 3pm temperature (°C) | 23.8 | 24.1 | 22.5 | 19.2 | 16.2 | 13.0 | 13.5 | 13.8 | 16.3 | 18.1 | 18.8 | 21.7 | 18.4 | 18 | 1948 1975 |
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Mean 3pm wet-bulb temperature (°C) | 17.8 | 18.5 | 17.5 | 15.0 | 12.8 | 10.5 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 12.0 | 13.6 | 14.5 | 16.4 | 14.1 | 17 | 1948 1975 |
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Mean 3pm dew-point temperature (°C) | |
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Mean 3pm relative humidity (%) | 8 | 1948 1956 |
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Mean 3pm cloud cover (oktas) | 4.1 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 18 | 1948 1975 |
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Mean 3pm wind speed (km/h) | 5 | 1965 1975 |
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3pm wind speed vs direction plot | ![]() |
Monthly statistics are only included if there are more than 10 years of data. The number of years (provided in the 2nd last column of the table) may differ between elements if the observing program at the site changed. More detailed data for individual sites can be obtained by contacting the Bureau.