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An extended list of climate statistics recorded is provided below. There is also a summary table for printing with the commonly requested statistics and a map showing the location of this site. Monthly statistics are only included if there are more than 10 years of suitable data.
Note: Many statistics are updated quarterly and recent weather events may not be represented in the statistics below. For more current information on recent extreme values, please refer to the corresponding Daily rainfall, Maximum temperature and Minimum temperature data tables for this site, and our Australian Climate and Weather Extremes Monitoring System. Missing observations associated with the observer being unavailable (where observations are undertaken manually), a failure in the observing equipment, or when an event has produced suspect data may result in an extreme event not being recorded.Site name: LOW HEAD (COMPARISON) | Site number: 091057 | Commenced: 1877 | Map | |
Latitude: 41.06° S | Longitude: 146.79° E | Elevation: 28 m | Operational status: Closed 08 Dec 2001 |
Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
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Temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Maximum temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean maximum temperature (°C) | 20.3 | 20.9 | 19.7 | 17.2 | 14.7 | 12.6 | 11.9 | 12.5 | 13.6 | 15.0 | 16.9 | 18.7 | 16.2 | 107 | 1895 2001 |
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Highest temperature (°C) | 29.5 | 29.5 | 28.0 | 25.6 | 23.2 | 24.4 | 17.4 | 18.0 | 22.0 | 23.2 | 26.5 | 27.5 | 29.5 | 106 | 1895 2001 |
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Date | 30 Jan 1988 | 15 Feb 1981 | 16 Mar 1976 | 05 Apr 1972 | 03 May 1988 | 10 Jun 1895 | 19 Jul 2001 | 26 Aug 1977 | 27 Sep 1987 | 31 Oct 1987 | 02 Nov 1987 | 06 Dec 1994 | 15 Feb 1981 | ||||
Lowest maximum temperature (°C) | 12.0 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 10.6 | 8.4 | 6.7 | 4.9 | 6.1 | 8.6 | 9.0 | 10.0 | 12.7 | 4.9 | 106 | 1895 2001 |
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Date | 01 Jan 1905 | 21 Feb 1949 | 27 Mar 1948 | 21 Apr 1951 | 21 May 1915 | 24 Jun 1953 | 23 Jul 1939 | 23 Aug 1909 | 08 Sep 1970 | 11 Oct 1972 | 08 Nov 1946 | 02 Dec 1924 | 23 Jul 1939 | ||||
Decile 1 maximum temperature (°C) | 17.6 | 18.1 | 16.7 | 14.4 | 12.2 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.6 | 11.7 | 12.8 | 14.4 | 16.1 | 106 | 1895 2001 |
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Decile 9 maximum temperature(°C) | 23.2 | 24.0 | 22.8 | 20.3 | 17.2 | 14.9 | 13.9 | 14.5 | 15.7 | 17.6 | 19.5 | 21.4 | 106 | 1895 2001 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 30 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 106 | 1895 2001 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 35 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 106 | 1895 2001 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 40 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 106 | 1895 2001 |
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Minimum temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean minimum temperature (°C) | 12.8 | 13.3 | 12.2 | 10.3 | 8.3 | 6.6 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 7.5 | 8.6 | 10.1 | 11.6 | 9.5 | 107 | 1895 2001 |
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Lowest temperature (°C) | 4.4 | 4.4 | 1.1 | 1.7 | -0.6 | -1.2 | -2.8 | -1.1 | -0.6 | 0.0 | 2.9 | 5.0 | -2.8 | 106 | 1895 2001 |
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Date | 26 Jan 1941 | 11 Feb 1942 | 05 Mar 1967 | 01 Apr 1905 | 31 May 1957 | 24 Jun 1906 | 22 Jul 1944 | 23 Aug 1956 | 05 Sep 1951 | 02 Oct 1899 | 05 Nov 1901 | 18 Dec 1997 | 22 Jul 1944 | ||||
Highest minimum temperature (°C) | 20.5 | 20.1 | 19.6 | 18.6 | 16.1 | 14.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 14.2 | 15.0 | 17.0 | 18.6 | 20.5 | 106 | 1895 2001 |
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Date | 28 Jan 1974 | 08 Feb 1971 | 04 Mar 1992 | 12 Apr 1955 | 17 May 1947 | 01 Jun 1992 | 03 Jul 1985 | 25 Aug 1983 | 29 Sep 1999 | 30 Oct 1959 | 19 Nov 1921 | 25 Dec 1920 | 28 Jan 1974 | ||||
Decile 1 minimum temperature (°C) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 8.8 | 6.7 | 4.4 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 4.0 | 5.6 | 7.2 | 8.9 | 106 | 1895 2001 |
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Decile 9 minimum temperature (°C) | 15.8 | 16.5 | 15.6 | 13.9 | 12.2 | 10.6 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 10.3 | 11.2 | 12.8 | 14.4 | 106 | 1895 2001 |
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Mean number of days ≤ 2 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 3.6 | 1.9 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 8.2 | 106 | 1895 2001 |
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Mean number of days ≤ 0 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 106 | 1895 2001 |
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Ground surface temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily ground minimum temperature (°C) | |
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Lowest ground temperature (°C) | |
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Date | |||||||||||||||||
Mean number of days ground min. temp. ≤ -1 °C | |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
Rainfall | |||||||||||||||||
Mean rainfall (mm) | 37.2 | 35.0 | 43.0 | 54.7 | 67.1 | 76.7 | 80.4 | 70.9 | 59.5 | 58.7 | 47.1 | 46.3 | 677.4 | 120 | 1877 2001 |
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Highest rainfall (mm) | 121.6 | 168.2 | 195.1 | 189.2 | 211.5 | 223.8 | 195.9 | 231.3 | 158.5 | 160.3 | 146.7 | 149.4 | 1033.0 | 120 | 1877 2001 |
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Date | 1991 | 1969 | 1890 | 1989 | 1958 | 1890 | 1942 | 1939 | 1979 | 1928 | 1952 | 1937 | 1956 | ||||
Lowest rainfall (mm) | 5.8 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 8.4 | 11.3 | 13.7 | 18.3 | 3.8 | 2.9 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 416.1 | 120 | 1877 2001 |
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Date | 1990 | 1893 | 1988 | 1923 | 1991 | 1944 | 1889 | 1899 | 1900 | 1914 | 1895 | 1931 | 1959 | ||||
Decile 1 rainfall (mm) | 10.7 | 4.5 | 8.0 | 15.9 | 24.2 | 32.2 | 36.8 | 31.5 | 25.2 | 23.2 | 18.2 | 9.9 | 121 | n/a n/a |
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Decile 5 (median) rainfall (mm) | 37.4 | 28.1 | 36.8 | 47.6 | 61.7 | 70.2 | 75.4 | 65.5 | 55.4 | 56.5 | 43.0 | 41.6 | 121 | n/a n/a |
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Decile 9 rainfall (mm) | 65.7 | 67.6 | 82.3 | 101.0 | 111.3 | 132.2 | 129.8 | 113.4 | 95.2 | 94.0 | 80.0 | 83.5 | 121 | n/a n/a |
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Highest daily rainfall (mm) | 42.7 | 113.0 | 86.0 | 66.8 | 47.0 | 50.8 | 43.2 | 40.1 | 37.6 | 40.2 | 55.9 | 57.8 | 113.0 | 106 | 1877 2001 |
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Date | 20 Jan 1946 | 19 Feb 1946 | 24 Mar 1977 | 17 Apr 1968 | 18 May 1986 | 27 Jun 1939 | 06 Jul 1992 | 02 Aug 1915 | 22 Sep 1955 | 09 Oct 1992 | 27 Nov 1952 | 23 Dec 1993 | 19 Feb 1946 | ||||
Mean number of days of rain | 7.6 | 6.7 | 8.8 | 10.9 | 13.5 | 14.7 | 17.0 | 16.3 | 14.5 | 12.8 | 10.4 | 9.5 | 142.7 | 106 | 1877 2001 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 1 mm | 4.6 | 4.0 | 5.1 | 6.6 | 8.2 | 9.3 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 8.6 | 8.0 | 6.4 | 5.7 | 86.9 | 106 | 1877 2001 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 10 mm | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 16.6 | 106 | 1877 2001 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 25 mm | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 2.2 | 106 | 1877 2001 |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
Other daily elements | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily wind run (km) | 0 | 1997 1997 |
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Maximum wind gust speed (km/h) | 0 | 1982 1997 |
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Date | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily sunshine (hours) | |
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Mean daily solar exposure (MJ/m2) | 25.2 | 21.1 | 15.4 | 10.6 | 7.0 | 5.7 | 6.3 | 9.1 | 13.2 | 18.7 | 23.1 | 25.9 | 15.1 | 18 | 2007 2024 |
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Mean number of clear days | 5.9 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 64.7 | 92 | 1895 1997 |
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Mean number of cloudy days | 9.6 | 9.2 | 11.2 | 12.3 | 14.0 | 13.6 | 13.9 | 13.2 | 12.0 | 11.7 | 11.2 | 10.7 | 142.6 | 92 | 1895 1997 |
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Mean daily evaporation (mm) | |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
9 am conditions | |||||||||||||||||
Mean 9am temperature (°C) | 16.4 | 16.6 | 15.1 | 12.8 | 10.5 | 8.5 | 7.9 | 8.5 | 10.1 | 11.8 | 13.5 | 15.3 | 12.2 | 103 | 1895 2001 |
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Mean 9am wet-bulb temperature (°C) | 13.7 | 14.2 | 13.0 | 11.2 | 9.4 | 7.5 | 7.0 | 7.5 | 8.8 | 10.1 | 11.4 | 12.8 | 10.5 | 102 | 1895 2001 |
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Mean 9am dew-point temperature (°C) | 11.2 | 12.0 | 11.0 | 9.6 | 8.1 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 7.2 | 8.2 | 9.2 | 10.5 | 8.8 | 102 | 1895 2001 |
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Mean 9am relative humidity (%) | 72 | 75 | 78 | 81 | 86 | 87 | 87 | 86 | 83 | 79 | 76 | 74 | 80 | 102 | 1895 2001 |
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Mean 9am cloud cover (oktas) | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 99 | 1895 1997 |
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Mean 9am wind speed (km/h) | 18.7 | 16.2 | 17.7 | 19.5 | 19.8 | 21.0 | 21.0 | 20.4 | 20.7 | 20.5 | 20.9 | 19.8 | 19.7 | 99 | 1895 1997 |
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9am wind speed vs direction plot | |||||||||||||||||
Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
3 pm conditions | |||||||||||||||||
Mean 3pm temperature (°C) | 19.1 | 19.8 | 18.6 | 16.3 | 13.9 | 11.8 | 11.1 | 11.7 | 12.6 | 14.0 | 15.8 | 17.6 | 15.2 | 95 | 1895 2001 |
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Mean 3pm wet-bulb temperature (°C) | 15.5 | 16.2 | 15.2 | 13.4 | 11.6 | 9.8 | 9.3 | 9.7 | 10.5 | 11.6 | 13.0 | 14.4 | 12.5 | 94 | 1895 2001 |
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Mean 3pm dew-point temperature (°C) | 12.6 | 13.5 | 12.4 | 10.6 | 9.2 | 7.6 | 7.1 | 7.4 | 8.3 | 9.3 | 10.4 | 11.7 | 10.0 | 94 | 1895 2001 |
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Mean 3pm relative humidity (%) | 67 | 68 | 69 | 71 | 75 | 77 | 77 | 76 | 76 | 75 | 72 | 70 | 73 | 94 | 1895 2001 |
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Mean 3pm cloud cover (oktas) | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 92 | 1895 1997 |
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Mean 3pm wind speed (km/h) | 23.7 | 21.0 | 20.8 | 21.1 | 20.5 | 20.8 | 21.6 | 22.6 | 24.3 | 24.7 | 25.8 | 24.7 | 22.6 | 92 | 1895 1997 |
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3pm wind speed vs direction plot |
Monthly statistics are only included if there are more than 10 years of data. The number of years (provided in the 2nd last column of the table) may differ between elements if the observing program at the site changed. More detailed data for individual sites can be obtained by contacting the Bureau.