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An extended list of climate statistics recorded is provided below. There is also a summary table for printing with the commonly requested statistics and a map showing the location of this site. Monthly statistics are only included if there are more than 10 years of suitable data.
Note: Many statistics are updated quarterly and recent weather events may not be represented in the statistics below. For more current information on recent extreme values, please refer to the corresponding Daily rainfall, Maximum temperature and Minimum temperature data tables for this site, and our Australian Climate and Weather Extremes Monitoring System. Missing observations associated with the observer being unavailable (where observations are undertaken manually), a failure in the observing equipment, or when an event has produced suspect data may result in an extreme event not being recorded.Site name: FORTHSIDE RESEARCH STATION | Site number: 091186 | Commenced: 1966 | Map | |
Latitude: 41.20° S | Longitude: 146.27° E | Elevation: 127 m | Operational status: Open |
Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
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Temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Maximum temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean maximum temperature (°C) | 20.6 | 21.1 | 19.7 | 16.9 | 14.4 | 12.2 | 11.5 | 12.1 | 13.4 | 15.4 | 17.1 | 18.9 | 16.1 | 27 | 1966 1996 |
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Highest temperature (°C) | 30.2 | 30.8 | 29.0 | 24.0 | 19.9 | 17.6 | 15.8 | 16.9 | 20.3 | 24.1 | 28.1 | 28.6 | 30.8 | 27 | 1966 1996 |
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Date | 20 Jan 1982 | 07 Feb 1967 | 03 Mar 1974 | 06 Apr 1978 | 08 May 1967 | 06 Jun 1974 | 29 Jul 1984 | 30 Aug 1972 | 13 Sep 1972 | 28 Oct 1977 | 23 Nov 1982 | 21 Dec 1972 | 07 Feb 1967 | ||||
Lowest maximum temperature (°C) | 12.9 | 14.1 | 13.0 | 10.2 | 7.0 | 4.1 | 6.4 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 9.1 | 10.6 | 12.5 | 4.1 | 27 | 1966 1996 |
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Date | 01 Jan 1967 | 28 Feb 1977 | 31 Mar 1995 | 30 Apr 1990 | 21 May 1982 | 27 Jun 1990 | 25 Jul 1986 | 08 Aug 1969 | 08 Sep 1970 | 11 Oct 1972 | 07 Nov 1994 | 07 Dec 1982 | 27 Jun 1990 | ||||
Decile 1 maximum temperature (°C) | 17.5 | 18.2 | 16.8 | 14.1 | 12.0 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 10.0 | 11.3 | 12.8 | 14.2 | 16.0 | 28 | 1966 1996 |
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Decile 9 maximum temperature(°C) | 23.8 | 24.5 | 22.9 | 20.0 | 16.7 | 14.3 | 13.4 | 14.1 | 15.7 | 18.4 | 20.3 | 22.2 | 28 | 1966 1996 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 30 °C | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 27 | 1966 1996 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 35 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 27 | 1966 1996 |
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Mean number of days ≥ 40 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 27 | 1966 1996 |
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Minimum temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean minimum temperature (°C) | 11.0 | 11.6 | 10.4 | 8.2 | 6.3 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 4.9 | 6.2 | 8.1 | 9.6 | 7.4 | 27 | 1966 1996 |
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Lowest temperature (°C) | 0.0 | 0.9 | 1.2 | -2.3 | -2.6 | -2.6 | -3.2 | -2.9 | -2.6 | -2.8 | -0.6 | 0.2 | -3.2 | 27 | 1966 1996 |
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Date | 01 Jan 1967 | 02 Feb 1966 | 31 Mar 1995 | 26 Apr 1967 | 23 May 1967 | 07 Jun 1973 | 17 Jul 1982 | 06 Aug 1974 | 25 Sep 1970 | 03 Oct 1967 | 06 Nov 1977 | 02 Dec 1982 | 17 Jul 1982 | ||||
Highest minimum temperature (°C) | 19.5 | 20.1 | 19.5 | 18.1 | 14.8 | 13.0 | 10.9 | 11.4 | 12.5 | 14.0 | 15.2 | 17.1 | 20.1 | 27 | 1966 1996 |
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Date | 01 Jan 1984 | 19 Feb 1971 | 12 Mar 1974 | 04 Apr 1981 | 08 May 1992 | 07 Jun 1991 | 04 Jul 1994 | 16 Aug 1983 | 30 Sep 1993 | 23 Oct 1979 | 26 Nov 1991 | 29 Dec 1975 | 19 Feb 1971 | ||||
Decile 1 minimum temperature (°C) | 7.1 | 7.4 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 2.2 | 0.0 | -0.1 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 2.5 | 4.2 | 5.8 | 28 | 1966 1996 |
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Decile 9 minimum temperature (°C) | 14.7 | 15.8 | 14.9 | 12.5 | 10.6 | 8.5 | 7.9 | 8.1 | 8.7 | 10.0 | 12.0 | 13.0 | 28 | 1966 1996 |
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Mean number of days ≤ 2 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 2.8 | 8.6 | 10.3 | 7.7 | 5.6 | 2.5 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 39.4 | 27 | 1966 1996 |
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Mean number of days ≤ 0 °C | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 2.2 | 1.0 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 11.0 | 27 | 1966 1996 |
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Ground surface temperature | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily ground minimum temperature (°C) | 8.0 | 8.5 | 7.3 | 4.9 | 3.1 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 3.1 | 5.3 | 6.7 | 4.3 | 23 | 1967 1996 |
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Lowest ground temperature (°C) | -2.7 | -3.9 | -3.4 | -6.2 | -5.9 | -6.5 | -7.0 | -6.5 | -6.5 | -5.6 | -4.0 | -3.9 | -7.0 | 23 | 1967 1996 |
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Date | 02 Jan 1968 | 01 Feb 1969 | 12 Mar 1970 | 23 Apr 1969 | 17 May 1981 | 29 Jun 1983 | 20 Jul 1982 | 06 Aug 1974 | 25 Sep 1970 | 04 Oct 1968 | 06 Nov 1977 | 05 Dec 1967 | 20 Jul 1982 | ||||
Mean number of days ground min. temp. ≤ -1 °C | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 5.1 | 10.4 | 12.3 | 10.4 | 8.5 | 4.3 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 55.7 | 23 | 1967 1996 |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
Rainfall | |||||||||||||||||
Mean rainfall (mm) | 51.2 | 42.9 | 56.0 | 69.2 | 83.2 | 95.9 | 117.1 | 113.1 | 90.1 | 80.2 | 68.6 | 63.7 | 929.4 | 59 | 1966 2025 |
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Highest rainfall (mm) | 188.2 | 185.4 | 204.5 | 302.2 | 193.8 | 263.8 | 295.9 | 245.0 | 204.8 | 223.8 | 160.0 | 190.9 | 1379.1 | 59 | 1966 2025 |
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Date | 2011 | 1969 | 1977 | 1989 | 2007 | 1991 | 1974 | 2013 | 1997 | 2022 | 2005 | 1993 | 1973 | ||||
Lowest rainfall (mm) | 4.6 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 20.8 | 26.6 | 18.9 | 13.6 | 9.4 | 13.4 | 0.0 | 457.8 | 59 | 1966 2025 |
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Date | 2010 | 1991 | 1972 | 2025 | 2025 | 2017 | 2021 | 1982 | 1977 | 2008 | 2006 | 2017 | 2006 | ||||
Decile 1 rainfall (mm) | 13.9 | 6.4 | 10.3 | 20.6 | 27.2 | 37.7 | 50.3 | 55.0 | 35.3 | 23.2 | 24.3 | 13.6 | 60 | n/a n/a |
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Decile 5 (median) rainfall (mm) | 42.4 | 34.8 | 52.2 | 57.0 | 76.6 | 85.0 | 117.2 | 105.2 | 82.4 | 73.2 | 67.0 | 51.6 | 60 | n/a n/a |
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Decile 9 rainfall (mm) | 95.5 | 96.0 | 100.3 | 122.8 | 148.0 | 164.4 | 176.4 | 197.1 | 151.9 | 147.2 | 111.7 | 124.3 | 60 | n/a n/a |
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Highest daily rainfall (mm) | 107.6 | 69.3 | 85.0 | 124.4 | 90.0 | 53.0 | 82.2 | 79.0 | 77.4 | 95.4 | 56.6 | 69.4 | 124.4 | 54 | 1966 2025 |
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Date | 28 Jan 2004 | 24 Feb 1969 | 27 Mar 1977 | 02 Apr 1989 | 28 May 1983 | 08 Jun 1991 | 21 Jul 2000 | 25 Aug 1970 | 05 Sep 1997 | 09 Oct 1992 | 02 Nov 1993 | 23 Dec 1993 | 02 Apr 1989 | ||||
Mean number of days of rain | 8.5 | 7.6 | 9.8 | 10.8 | 13.3 | 14.0 | 16.7 | 16.8 | 14.7 | 12.8 | 11.2 | 10.1 | 146.3 | 59 | 1966 2025 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 1 mm | 5.5 | 4.8 | 6.2 | 6.9 | 8.8 | 9.4 | 11.5 | 11.9 | 10.0 | 8.5 | 7.3 | 6.4 | 97.2 | 54 | 1966 2025 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 10 mm | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 2.9 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 29.8 | 54 | 1966 2025 |
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Mean number of days of rain ≥ 25 mm | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 7.5 | 54 | 1966 2025 |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
Other daily elements | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily wind run (km) | 2 | 1966 1967 |
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Maximum wind gust speed (km/h) | 0 | 1977 1982 |
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Date | |||||||||||||||||
Mean daily sunshine (hours) | 8.6 | 8.3 | 6.7 | 5.6 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 7.2 | 7.8 | 8.2 | 6.3 | 26 | 1966 1996 |
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Mean daily solar exposure (MJ/m2) | 24.7 | 21.1 | 15.9 | 10.6 | 7.0 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 8.8 | 13.1 | 18.7 | 22.7 | 25.3 | 14.9 | 35 | 1990 2025 |
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Mean number of clear days | |
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Mean number of cloudy days | |
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Mean daily evaporation (mm) | 5.2 | 4.7 | 3.6 | 2.2 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 2.2 | 3.3 | 4.1 | 4.8 | 2.9 | 44 | 1967 2025 |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
9 am conditions | |||||||||||||||||
Mean 9am temperature (°C) | 15.9 | 15.9 | 14.9 | 12.8 | 9.9 | 7.3 | 6.8 | 7.9 | 9.8 | 11.7 | 13.1 | 14.7 | 11.7 | 25 | 1966 1996 |
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Mean 9am wet-bulb temperature (°C) | 12.8 | 12.9 | 12.5 | 10.8 | 8.6 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 6.6 | 8.0 | 9.5 | 10.6 | 11.9 | 9.7 | 23 | 1966 1996 |
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Mean 9am dew-point temperature (°C) | 10.0 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 8.7 | 7.2 | 4.8 | 4.3 | 4.9 | 5.7 | 7.0 | 7.9 | 9.0 | 7.5 | 21 | 1969 1996 |
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Mean 9am relative humidity (%) | 71 | 73 | 74 | 78 | 84 | 84 | 85 | 82 | 76 | 74 | 72 | 70 | 77 | 21 | 1969 1996 |
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Mean 9am cloud cover (oktas) | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 25 | 1966 1996 |
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Mean 9am wind speed (km/h) | 11.8 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 9.2 | 10.8 | 12.3 | 12.0 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 10.7 | 24 | 1966 1996 |
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9am wind speed vs direction plot | ![]() |
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Statistics | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Annual | Years | Plot | Map | |
3 pm conditions | |||||||||||||||||
Mean 3pm temperature (°C) | |
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Mean 3pm wet-bulb temperature (°C) | |
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Mean 3pm dew-point temperature (°C) | |
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Mean 3pm relative humidity (%) | |
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Mean 3pm cloud cover (oktas) | |
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Mean 3pm wind speed (km/h) | |
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3pm wind speed vs direction plot | ![]() |
Monthly statistics are only included if there are more than 10 years of data. The number of years (provided in the 2nd last column of the table) may differ between elements if the observing program at the site changed. More detailed data for individual sites can be obtained by contacting the Bureau.