Remote Islands and Antarctica in September 2024

Australia's Indian Ocean islands

  • Christmas Island Aero recorded 78.8 mm of total rainfall in September, this was 144% of its September average rainfall of 54.8 mm.
  • At Christmas Island Aero, both the mean maximum and minimum temperatures were 0.8 °C and 0.5 °C above average, respectively.
  • Total rainfall at Cocos Island Airport in September was at least 51.8 mm, compared to the September average rainfall of 90.1 mm. Noting there were several days of missing rainfall data in September.
  • The mean maximum and minimum temperature at Cocos Island Airport was 0.9 °C above average.
  • On the 23rd, Cocos Island Airport had its highest September daytime temperature on record at 30.9 °C, the average daytime temperature for September is 28.3 °C.

Australia's Pacific Ocean islands

Australia's Antarctic and sub-Antarctic territories

  • The strongest wind gust recorded at the Australian Antarctic stations during September was 157 km/h at Davis on the morning of the 24th, which was the strongest in September since 2020.
  • Mean maximum and mean minimum temperatures were below average at the Australian Antarctic stations, with Casey having its coldest September since 2018.
  • Monthly precipitation at Macquarie Island was 84.4 mm, this was close to the September average of 76.8 mm.
  • The mean maximum temperature at Macquarie Island was 0.6 °C above average, while the mean minimum temperature was 0.3 °C below average.
  • The strongest wind gust at Macquarie Island was 117km/h, on the morning of the 25th.

Record highest September temperature
New record
(°C)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
September
Cocos Island Airport 30.9 on the 23rd 30.2 on the 9th in 2022 73 28.3
Lord Howe Island Aero 24.1 on the 1st 23.7 on the 21st in 2023 36 20.0



Record highest September mean daily maximum temperature
New record
(°C)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
September
Norfolk Island Aero 20.7 20.3 in 1996 85 19.1
Lord Howe Island Aero 21.4 21.0 in 1996 35 20.0

Highest September mean daily maximum temperature for at least 20 years
Observed
(°C)
Most recent
higher
Average for
September
Christmas Island Aero 27.1 =27.1 in 1987 26.3
Cocos Island Airport 29.2 29.5 in 1999 28.3



Record highest September daily minimum temperature
New record
(°C)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
September
Norfolk Island Aero 19.0 on the 2nd = 19.0 on the 19th in 1988 86 13.8



Record highest September mean daily minimum temperature
New record
(°C)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
September
Norfolk Island Aero 15.4 15.3 in 1996 85 13.8



Record highest September mean temperature
New record
(°C)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
September
Norfolk Island Aero 18.0 17.8 in 1996 85 16.5



Summary statistics for September 2024
Maximum temperatures
(°C)
Minimum temperatures
(°C)
Precipitation
(millimetres)
Mean for
September
2024
Diff
from
average
Highest for
September
2024
Mean for
September
2024
Diff
from
average
Lowest for
September
2024
Total for
September
2024
Average
for
September
Rank of
September
2024
Fraction of
September
average
Offshore Islands
Christmas Island Aero 27.1 +0.8 28.2 28th 22.8 +0.5 19.9 22nd 78.8 54.8 high 144%
Cocos Island Airport 29.2 +0.9 30.9 23rd 24.9 +0.9 22.1 6th 51.8 90.1 average 57%
Lord Howe Island Aero 21.4 +1.4 24.1 1st 15.5 +0.9 9.7 15th 90.0 112.4 average 80%
Norfolk Island Aero 20.7 +1.6 23.0 22nd 15.4 +1.6 12.6 16th 31.2 92.0 v low 34%
Antarctica and Macquarie Island
Casey -12.6 -2.8 -6.4 16th -21.1 -3.9 -30.7 11th 23.9 18.1 average 132%
Davis -13.6 -0.9 -6.3 26th -19.7 -0.1 -27.3 20th 1.2 5.4 low 22%
Macquarie Island 6.0 +0.6 7.5 29th 1.3 -0.3 -3.2 17th 84.4 76.8 average 110%
Mawson -15.1 -1.1 -6.9 27th -21.4 -1.0 -26.7 15th
Note: Precipitation values from Casey and Davis should be used with caution.

Daily maximum temperatures for September 2024
Offshore Islands123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930
Christmas Island Aero26.827.126.727.227.326.027.025.525.726.726.126.627.127.227.327.527.227.226.627.628.027.927.328.127.428.027.628.227.127.5
Cocos Island Airport29.029.529.429.528.529.029.029.428.929.128.329.128.929.529.929.029.128.930.229.329.527.430.929.430.529.428.828.728.929.4
Lord Howe Island Aero24.123.718.619.119.521.222.523.123.022.720.922.118.219.720.818.219.420.821.923.323.621.921.723.122.722.617.922.6
Norfolk Island Aero22.622.322.517.818.918.619.620.021.322.221.121.421.621.018.918.818.519.020.520.722.023.020.721.320.521.622.120.520.720.5
Antarctica and Macquarie Island123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930
Casey-13.6-11.1-10.3-9.1-9.6-11.5-11.8-11.8-17.5-21.9-20.1-19.3-9.2-10.8-6.4-6.4-13.2-15.5-16.2-12.5-10.7-11.2-12.0-12.3-11.2-12.4-13.2-16.3-12.3-10.0
Davis-9.9-9.1-14.4-13.0-15.7-12.8-12.3-12.1-13.9-12.3-15.2-15.5-14.2-9.9-11.3-19.3-17.2-18.7-19.1-22.1-21.1-21.1-8.1-7.3-7.8-6.3-8.4-10.1-14.3-16.4
Macquarie Island5.86.66.16.06.65.94.86.06.16.46.26.16.34.95.44.85.96.66.25.65.76.56.56.27.22.46.96.77.57.4
Mawson-10.4-13.2-14.7-16.2-15.8-17.1-17.7-18.9-17.0-15.7-16.4-15.5-17.3-19.1-19.3-18.4-15.7-15.0-15.2-17.5-19.1-19.4-15.2-9.8-8.1-7.0-6.9-10.7-14.5-16.9
Values are the maximum temperature, usually in the 24 hours from 9 am on the day indicated,
and typically occurred in the afternoon of that day.
Temperatures coloured according to their difference
from the long-term average for the period
-10.0 -9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0 +6.0 +7.0 +8.0 +9.0 +10.0 °C Grey outline marks highest
and lowest for the period

Daily minimum temperatures for September 2024
Offshore Islands123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930
Christmas Island Aero22.421.923.322.923.223.123.722.422.422.223.423.023.423.323.723.122.822.723.222.921.419.921.023.223.822.021.524.024.524.7
Cocos Island Airport25.125.725.723.825.322.124.025.425.624.724.924.524.525.626.025.925.224.024.922.925.224.322.225.325.826.025.724.425.325.9
Lord Howe Island Aero16.619.215.214.310.713.718.419.019.517.917.815.19.712.313.514.016.918.713.815.012.211.615.519.716.815.8
Norfolk Island Aero18.819.018.513.613.314.215.114.113.713.614.616.415.816.814.312.614.213.314.315.315.714.614.515.014.913.516.918.618.017.5
Antarctica and Macquarie Island123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930
Casey-18.5-21.3-18.9-17.8-13.8-18.7-20.6-16.2-24.8-23.0-30.7-28.4-23.2-21.0-25.9-22.2-14.1-21.3-22.0-25.2-17.1-15.6-15.6-24.3-22.2-19.1-22.2-23.8-24.3-19.9
Davis-16.2-16.2-19.9-19.0-18.6-18.2-16.2-15.0-17.1-17.4-16.8-20.5-23.0-19.3-19.0-22.7-25.4-26.0-26.7-27.3-27.3-27.0-25.7-21.1-10.6-9.6-14.5-15.9-18.1-22.1
Macquarie Island1.13.81.10.64.54.53.4-0.13.6-2.0-0.41.23.01.41.8-1.8-3.23.10.40.51.50.72.80.70.6-0.2-1.51.32.53.6
Mawson-13.7-18.4-19.8-18.6-17.5-21.3-22.9-26.6-25.2-23.3-19.5-19.8-23.2-23.6-26.7-26.1-24.8-23.1-22.9-24.1-26.3-26.6-23.7-23.9-16.2-12.2-11.7-16.8-20.5-23.1
Values are the minimum temperature, usually in the 24 hours to 9 am on the day indicated,
and typically occurred that morning.
Temperatures coloured according to their difference
from the long-term average for the period
-10.0 -9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0 +6.0 +7.0 +8.0 +9.0 +10.0 °C Grey outline marks highest
and lowest for the period

Daily precipitation for September 2024
Offshore Islands123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930
Christmas Island Aero - 1.4 - 0.4 - 1.6 1.4 1.2 23.0 49.2 0.2 0.4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Cocos Island Airport 0.6 - - 0.8 - 1.4 2.4 1.4 0.2 - 1.2 4.4 0.2
- - - - - 1.4 - - 37.8
- - - - - -
Lord Howe Island (Milky Way) - - - 2.2 - - - - - - - - 19.8 5.2 - 11.6 2.0 - - 1.6 - 0.2 - - - - 19.8 21.4 12.0 2.2
Lord Howe Island Aero - - - 0.4 - - - - - - - - 18.2 13.0 - 5.2 3.2 - - 0.8 - 0.2 - - - - 26.4 22.6

Norfolk Island Aero - - - 2.0 0.8 - - - - - - 1.0

1.8 0.2 1.2 - - 0.2 2.8 7.4 7.6 3.0 - - - 0.2 - 3.0
Antarctica and Macquarie Island123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930
Casey - - 3.4 0.8 - 0.4 - - - - - - - 2.0 0.2 3.6 4.4 - - 0.2 7.8 1.0 0.1 - - - - - - -
Davis - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.6 - - 0.6 - - - - - - -


- - - -
Macquarie Island - 1.6 0.2 3.2 2.4 3.6 3.8 0.8 4.8 0.4 5.8 2.8 3.6 2.4 0.2 3.4 2.2 4.4 2.4 10.2 0.8 - 2.6 4.0 2.4 11.0 0.4 2.4 0.2 2.4
Most values are the precipitation in the 24 hours to 9 am on the day indicated. Days marked with → are part of a longer accumulation, which is shown on the final day.
Values over 100 mm have been rounded to the nearest whole millimetre.
Days marked with - have a precipitation report of zero; days left blank have no precipitation report (which often indicates no precipitation fell).
Precipitations coloured
according to the amount
0 1.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 25.0 50.0 100 150 200 300 400 600 millimetres

Map of the areas covered by this summary

Notes

The Monthly climate summary, usually published in the first week of the following month, lists the main features of the weather in Remote Islands and Antarctica using the most timely and accurate information available on the date of publication; it will generally not be updated.

This statement has been prepared based on information available at 2 pm on Tuesday 1 October 2024. Some checks have been made on the data, but it is possible that results will change as new information becomes available.

In some situations, some or all of the precipitation is in the form of hail or snow. In these cases the totals given are for the water equivalent: the depth of liquid water that results from melting any frozen precipitation. There can be significant 'undercatch' of snow in strong winds, meaning the true precipitation can be higher than that reported.

Averages for individual sites are long-term means based on observations from all available years of record, which vary widely from site to site. They are not shown for sites with less than 10 years of record, as they cannot then be calculated reliably.
The median is sometimes more representative than the mean of long-term average precipitation.

The Rank indicates how precipitation this time compares with the climate record for the site, based on the decile ranking (very low precipitation is in decile 1, low in decile 2 or 3, average in decile 4 to 7, high in decile 8 or 9 and very high is in decile 10).
The Fraction of average shows how much precipitation has fallen this time as a percentage of the long-term mean.

Where temperature area averages are mentioned, they are derived from the ACORN-SAT dataset.

Information about Australian Indigenous seasonal calendars is available at the Indigenous Weather Knowledge website.


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