South Australia in February 2016: Cooler and wetter across the south, warmer and drier in the north

Southern coasts and some agricultural districts recorded a generally cooler and wetter than usual month, while inland pastoral areas recorded a drier and warmer finish to the summer. Most rainfall across southern areas was recorded between the 2nd and 3rd, with some rain also falling later in the month.

  • Cooler on the coasts and agricultural areas
  • Warmer and drier in the pastorals
  • A wet start for southern coasts

Despite a mostly dry month, agricultural locations had average to above average rainfall overall. The passage of ex-tropical cyclone Stan resulted in some locations in southern districts recording their highest February daily rainfall on record on the 2nd or 3rd, but there was very little rain elsewhere in South Australia. A weak cold front and southerly airstream on the 16th, and the passage of a low pressure trough on the 23rd, brought light to moderate totals, again to southern districts. For some locations on southern coasts, monthly totals were highest on record for February or highest for at least 20 years. Elsewhere across the State, it was a very dry month, with parts of the Murray Valley and large areas of the pastoral districts recording very little or no rainfall for the month. Renmark Aero reported it's driest February since 2008.

Despite generally cooler days across southern districts, February's daytime temperatures were warmer than normal when averaged across South Australia as a whole. Hot temperatures late in the month resulted in some locations reporting daily maximum temperatures at least twelve degrees above average. Mean maximum temperatures across agricultural areas and the southern pastoral districts tended to be cooler than average, whereas the maximum temperatures in northeast of the State were much warmer than average. Minimum temperatures followed a similar pattern, with coastal and agricultural areas having cooler than normal nights, and inland pastoral areas recording generally warmer nights.

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Extremes in February 2016
Hottest day 44.9 °C at Renmark Aero on the 23rd
Warmest days on average 38.9 °C at Moomba Airport
Coolest days on average 21.1 °C at Cape Willoughby
Coldest day 16.4 °C at Mount Lofty on the 3rd
Coldest night 4.4 °C at Keith (Munkora) on the 20th
Coolest nights on average 11.7 °C at Naracoorte Aerodrome
Warmest nights on average 24.6 °C at Moomba Airport
Warmest night 30.7 °C at Arkaroola on the 24th
Warmest on average overall 31.8 °C at Moomba Airport
Coolest on average overall 17.8 °C at Mount Lofty
17.8 °C at Parawa (Second Valley Forest AWS)
Wettest overall 99.4 mm at Coffin Bay
Wettest day 75.8 mm at Coffin Bay on the 2nd
Strongest wind gust 83 km/h at Neptune Island on the 2nd

Maps
ObservedAnomalyDecile rank
Total
rainfall
Map of Rainfall totals Map of Percentage of normal rainfall Map of Rainfall deciles
Mean
daily
maximum
temperatures
Map of Mean maximum temperature Map of Anomaly in mean maximum temperature Map of Decile rank of mean maximum temperature
Mean
daily
minimum
temperatures
Map of Mean minimum temperature Map of Anomaly in mean minimum temperature Map of Decile rank of mean minimum temperature

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Record highest February daily rainfall
New record
(mm)
Old
record
Years of
record
Goolwa Barrage 44.0 on the 3rd 32.0 on the 20th in 2000 29
Coffin Bay 75.8 on the 2nd 30.0 on the 19th in 2011 27
Coulta (Coles Point) 44.0 on the 2nd 34.0 on the 19th in 2011 22
North Shields (Port Lincoln AWS) 49.6 on the 2nd 46.8 on the 19th in 2011 22



Record highest February total rainfall
New record
(mm)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
February
Coffin Bay 99.4 49.0 in 2011 25 12.9
Coulta (Coles Point) 67.8 55.6 in 2011 22 15.8
North Shields (Port Lincoln AWS) 74.8 66.0 in 2011 22 17.0
McLaren Vale (Pirramimma Winery) 60.6 55.4 in 2014 21 21.3
Stenhouse Bay 82.4 74.0 in 2000 21 18.8

Highest February total rainfall for at least 20 years
Observed
(mm)
Most recent
higher
Average for
February
Cummins 74.0 104.1 in 1938* 15.8
Port Lincoln (Westmere) 75.2 91.8 in 1960* 15.7
Penneshaw 70.3 73.9 in 1969* 18.1
Parndana (Turkey Lane) 68.2 81.3 in 1969* 18.5
Coulta 66.4 88.6 in 1976 14.3
Mount Hope (Fairview) 69.8 94.6 in 1976 14.3
Elliston 49.2 99.8 in 1976* 13.7

* note: there are gaps in the historical record at this site, so it is possible a higher value has gone unreported.




Record lowest February total rainfall
New record
(mm)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
February
Renmark Aero 0.2 = 0.2 in 2008 21 21.8



Summary statistics for February 2016
Maximum temperatures
(°C)
Minimum temperatures
(°C)
Rainfall
(millimetres)
Mean for
February
2016
Diff
from
average
Highest for
February
2016
Mean for
February
2016
Diff
from
average
Lowest for
February
2016
Total for
February
2016
Average
for
February
Rank of
February
2016
Fraction of
February
average
Northwest (district 16)
Andamooka 36.5 +0.9 43.9 23rd 21.5 +0.2 17.0 4th 0 24.2 lowest 0%
Coober Pedy Airport 36.3 +0.8 44.2 23rd 20.6 -1.1 16.1 16th 0 13.5 lowest 0%
Ernabella (Pukatja) 35.1 +0.5 40.5 13th 20.9 +0.6 15.6 3rd 0 32.4 v low 0%
Mount Ive 33.2   41.2 22nd 15.7   11.5 4th 14.6 14.1 average 104%
Roxby Downs (Olympic Dam Aerodrome) 36.5 +0.7 44.4 23rd 20.5 +0.1 14.5 18th
Tarcoola Aero 35.3 -0.1 43.4 22nd 17.6 -1.8 13.7 18th 19.6 24.7 average 79%
Woomera Aerodrome 34.8 +1.1 43.9 22nd 19.4 0.0 15.0 17th 15.0 19.8 average 76%
Far North (district 17)
Arkaroola 34.9 +1.7 41.8 24th 20.8 +1.5 14.6 18th 10.0 38.7 average 26%
Leigh Creek Airport 36.4 +1.8 42.6 23rd 21.2 +0.7 15.4 18th 6.8 27.1 average 25%
Marree Aero 38.2 +1.2 44.2 24th 21.8 -0.5 15.5 18th 0.2 29.7 low 1%
Moomba Airport 38.9 +2.0 43.9 13th 24.6 +1.0 18.8 18th 1.8 29.8 low 6%
Oodnadatta Airport 38.4 +1.8 43.6 23rd 22.6 +0.3 17.8 18th 1.8 31.2 average 6%
Western Agricultural (district 18)
Ceduna AMO 26.4 -1.9 40.8 1st 15.4 +0.3 9.7 18th 23.2 14.2 high 163%
Cleve 26.5 -1.2 35.8 1st 16.3 +0.2 13.5 15th 16.6 22.5 average 74%
Cleve Aerodrome 26.7 -1.9 36.0 1st 15.3 -1.1 12.5 29th 14.6 19.0 average 77%
Coulta (Coles Point) 25.7 -1.9 37.4 22nd 13.6 -1.9 9.1 18th 67.8 15.8 highest 429%
Cummins Aero 27.7   37.5 1st 13.5   8.3 20th 70.6
Elliston 24.0 -1.6 35.6 1st 14.5 -1.4 10.6 12th 49.2 13.7 v high 359%
Kimba 31.1 0.0 40.5 22nd 14.9 -1.2 11.0 26th 12.4 21.2 average 58%
Kyancutta 32.1 -0.3 42.1 22nd 13.8 -0.6 9.9 26th 23.2 16.3 high 142%
Minnipa Pirsa 31.4 -1.1 41.6 22nd 14.2 -2.0 10.7 26th 25.6 13.4 high 191%
Neptune Island 21.7 -0.6 26.7 22nd 17.0 +0.4 15.8 5th 47.0 14.5 high 324%
North Shields (Port Lincoln AWS) 24.4 -1.6 32.7 23rd 15.8 -0.4 12.7 15th 74.8 17.0 highest 440%
Nullarbor 26.0 -1.8 39.6 22nd 15.8 -0.3 10.6 29th 71.4 14.2 v high 503%
Port Augusta Aero 32.8 -0.5 44.2 23rd 18.3 -0.6 12.8 17th 5.2 17.5 average 30%
Streaky Bay 27.0 -2.1 39.0 22nd 15.6 -0.5 12.5 17th 52.7 14.9 v high 354%
Whyalla Aero 28.7 -1.0 36.3 23rd 17.7 -0.2 13.9 1st 7.0 23.6 average 30%
Wudinna Aero 32.1 -0.7 41.9 22nd 13.6 -1.9 8.7 27th 21.0 16.1 high 130%
Upper North (district 19)
Hawker 35.1 +1.6 42.0 23rd 17.6 -0.4 11.0 17th 6.0 21.2 average 28%
Yongala 31.8 +1.7 39.6 23rd 14.1 +0.7 9.0 17th 2.6 21.1 low 12%
Northeast (district 20)
Gluepot Reserve (Gluepot) 33.5 +0.8 44.6 23rd 14.7 -0.8 9.9 21st 3.0 25.8 average 12%
Lower North (district 21)
Clare High School 29.5 -0.3 38.2 23rd 13.8 -1.2 9.5 1st 16.4 25.7 average 64%
Port Pirie Aerodrome AWS 31.6   41.2 22nd 15.5   11.3 17th 6.2
Snowtown (Rayville Park) 31.4 -0.6 40.9 22nd 13.7 -0.9 8.7 17th 1.6 20.5 low 8%
Yorke Peninsula (district 22A)
Edithburgh 24.1 -1.1 32.3 23rd 17.1 0.0 13.6 13th 39.4 18.8 high 210%
Kadina AWS 30.1 -1.1 38.8 22nd 13.4 -1.8 8.2 26th 2.6 11.9 average 22%
Maitland 28.5 0.0 38.5 22nd 14.5 -1.5 9.2 27th 12.4 22.2 average 56%
Minlaton Aero 28.1 -0.5 39.2 22nd 14.3 -1.1 9.6 15th 20.4 19.2 average 106%
Stenhouse Bay 23.6 -1.3 28.5 23rd 16.9 -0.2 15.4 19th 82.4 18.8 highest 438%
Warooka 25.7 -1.4 35.2 23rd 15.8 -0.2 12.2 15th 55.0 17.4 v high 316%
Kangaroo Island (district 22B)
Cape Borda 23.4 -1.1 32.8 22nd 14.1 -0.3 11.3 17th 66.2 18.3 high 362%
Cape Willoughby 21.1 -0.8 32.4 23rd 16.4 +0.1 14.3 26th 26.6 18.1 high 147%
Kingscote Aero 25.0 -1.6 31.7 23rd 13.8 +0.2 8.5 21st 52.4 17.8 high 294%
Parndana Cfs AWS 24.3   34.7 23rd 13.1   9.3 15th 64.2
Adelaide Plains (district 23A)
Adelaide (Kent Town) 29.3 -0.2 39.5 22nd 16.4 -0.9 13.1 17th 18.4 15.4 high 119%
Adelaide Airport 27.2 -0.9 37.5 22nd 16.2 0.0 12.9 29th 14.0 18.8 average 74%
Edinburgh RAAF 29.6 -0.5 40.4 22nd 15.3 -1.3 11.2 28th 12.8 18.0 average 71%
Parafield Airport 29.9 +0.5 39.7 22nd 15.3 -1.1 11.1 29th 14.0 18.8 average 74%
Roseworthy AWS 30.5 -0.9 41.0 22nd 14.0 -0.9 9.6 29th 4.6 20.2 average 23%
County Light (district 23B)
Nuriootpa Pirsa 29.1 -0.5 39.0 22nd 13.5 -1.2 6.7 26th 11.2 26.0 average 43%
Rosedale (Turretfield Research Centre) 29.5 -1.0 37.2 9th 13.1 -2.5 9.0 28th 6.4 18.6 average 34%
Mount Lofty Ranges (district 23C)
Hindmarsh Island AWS 23.3 -1.4 33.7 21st 16.1 +0.3 10.9 21st 51.4 17.9 high 287%
Kuitpo Forest Reserve 24.6 -1.3 35.5 22nd 13.7 -0.5 10.3 20th 27.6 24.2 average 114%
Mount Barker 26.5 -0.3 36.1 23rd 13.3 +1.4 6.8 21st 27.2 25.7 average 106%
Mount Crawford AWS 26.8 -0.3 36.4 22nd 13.2 -1.0 8.8 20th 13.6 25.6 average 53%
Mount Lofty 23.5 +1.3 33.0 22nd 12.2 -0.8 7.0 20th 34.0
Noarlunga 26.6 -1.3 37.5 22nd 16.3 -0.7 12.3 20th 34.6 20.0 high 173%
Parawa (Second Valley Forest AWS) 21.5 -1.9 33.4 22nd 14.0 +0.1 11.6 15th 87.6 31.3 v high 280%
Victor Harbor (Encounter Bay) 23.2 -1.0 35.1 23rd 15.0 +0.4 7.7 21st 74.2 25.7 high 289%
Upper Murray Valley (district 24A)
Loxton Research Centre 32.5 +1.1 43.7 23rd 14.7 +0.2 10.2 29th 0 18.7 lowest 0%
Renmark Aero 33.6 +0.8 44.9 23rd 15.5 -0.7 10.9 21st 0.2 21.8 lowest 1%
Lower Murray Valley (district 24B)
Eudunda 29.5 +0.4 39.2 23rd 14.1 -0.2 9.2 17th 1.6 22.6 low 7%
Meningie 25.1 -1.3 36.0 22nd 14.4 +0.4 8.0 20th 48.4 17.2 v high 281%
Murray Bridge (Pallamana Aerodrome) 28.8   39.8 23rd 14.2   8.1 21st 16.4 21.0 average 78%
Strathalbyn Racecourse 26.0 -1.6 37.0 23rd 14.6 0.0 9.8 21st 26.0 22.4 high 116%
Murray Mallee (district 25A)
Karoonda 30.7 0.0 40.5 23rd     8.8 17th 5.4 19.7 average 27%
Upper Southeast (district 25B)
Keith 28.9 -1.0 38.5 23rd 13.0 -0.2 6.2 20th 23.6 20.2 average 117%
Keith (Munkora) 29.1 -1.3 39.7 23rd 12.2 +0.3 4.4 20th 24.4 12.5 high 195%
Lameroo (Austin Plains) 30.6 -0.5 41.3 23rd 13.5 -0.2 8.4 17th 6.8 11.6 average 59%
Lower Southeast (district 26)
Cape Jaffa (The Limestone) 22.7 -1.9 32.8 22nd 14.0 +0.3 10.7 21st 29.4 17.4 high 169%
Coonawarra 27.4 -0.2 38.2 23rd 12.5 +0.7 6.7 21st 24.4 17.8 high 137%
Mount Gambier Aero 25.3 0.0 35.4 23rd 12.7 +1.0 7.1 21st 48.4 25.9 high 187%
Naracoorte Aerodrome 28.7 -0.7 40.0 23rd 11.7 -0.1 5.2 20th 19.8 19.2 average 103%
Padthaway South 27.9 -0.8 38.5 23rd 12.5 +0.1 6.0 20th 29.8 17.2 high 173%
Robe Airfield 23.9 -0.5 33.0 22nd 13.0 +0.2 8.7 15th 38.6 23.6 high 164%

Notes

The Monthly climate summary lists the main features of the weather in South Australia using the most timely and accurate information available on the date of publication; it will generally not be updated. Later information, including data that has had greater opportunity for quality control, will be presented in the Monthly Weather Review.

A climate summary is generally published on the first working day of each month.

This statement has been prepared based on information available at 10 am on Tuesday 1 March 2016. Some checks have been made on the data, but it is possible that results will change as new information becomes available.

Averages for individual sites are long-term means based on observations from all available years of record, which vary widely from site to site. They are not shown for sites with less than 10 years of record, as they cannot then be calculated reliably.
The median is sometimes more representative than the mean of long-term average rain.

The Rank indicates how rainfall this time compares with the climate record for the site, based on the decile ranking (very low rainfall is in decile 1, low in decile 2 or 3, average in decile 4 to 7, high in decile 8 or 9 and very high is in decile 10).
The Fraction of average shows how much rain has fallen this time as a percentage of the long-term mean.

The ACORN-SAT dataset is used for temperature area averages.

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