Outage: Some data is not available due to a technical issue. This affects some observations and forecasts.

Greater Adelaide in April 2019: very dry and warm

Rainfall for April was very much below average throughout Adelaide and the Hills, with many suburbs having less than 10% of their monthly average. Daytime temperatures were very much warmer than average, with a burst of late season warmth during the third week of the month. Night-time temperatures generally weren't as extreme, but were still above average in most suburbs.

A very dry month

  • Rainfall was very much below average throughout Adelaide and the Hills during April
  • In the city, Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) recorded 3.2 mm, which ranked as one of its ten driest Aprils on record
  • Rainfall totals across Greater Adelaide were less than 10 mm and ranged from 1% of average at Rosedale to 15% of average at Mount Lofty
  • For the January to April period, Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) and Adelaide (Kent Town) each had their driest starts to the year on record
  • A number of sites had either their lowest total April rainfall on record or their lowest total April rainfall for at least 20 years

Warmer than average

  • There was unusual late season warmth for several days between the 14th and the 20th, with maximum temperatures more than 10 °C warmer than average on some days and minimum temperatures not dropping below 20 °C on the 17th
  • The daily maximum temperature of 33.8 °C at Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) on the 19th was the highest temperature recorded at the official city site so late in the season (previous late season record was 33.6 °C on 19 April 1902)
  • Mean maximum temperatures ranged from 1.1 °C warmer than average at Noarlunga to 3.2 °C warmer than average at Mount Lofty
  • For the January to April period, Adelaide (Kent Town) had its second-warmest start to the year for mean maximum temperature (warmest was January to April 2018)
  • The daily minimum temperature of 24.5 °C at Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) on the 17th was the highest minimum temperature at the official city site so late in the season (previous late season record was 24.4 °C on 17 April 1992 at Kent Town); it was also the warmest April night in the city for more than ten years, since 2 April 2005 (26.6 °C at Kent Town)
  • Mean minimum temperatures ranged from 0.2 °C cooler than average at Rosedale to 1.9 °C warmer than average at Adelaide Airport
  • On the 17th, Mount Barker had its warmest April night on record

Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira)

  • Total rainfall for Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) was 3.2 mm, which is 7% of the long-term average of 43.8 mm
  • The mean daily maximum temperature for Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) was 24.3 °C, which is 2.1 °C above the long-term average of 22.2 °C. The warmest day was 33.8 °C on the 19th, and the coolest day was on the 27th when the temperature reached 17.9 °C
  • The mean daily minimum temperature for Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) was 14.1 °C, which is 1.3 °C above the long-term average of 12.8 °C. The coldest morning was 8.2 °C on the 25th, and the warmest morning was on the 17th when the minimum temperature was 24.5 °C

Further information

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Extremes in April 2019
Hottest day 35.4 °C at Rosedale (Turretfield Research Centre) on the 16th
Warmest days on average 25.3 °C at Parafield Airport
Coolest days on average 19.3 °C at Mount Lofty
Coldest day 12.6 °C at Mount Lofty on the 26th
Coldest night 2.0 °C at Mount Barker on the 11th
Coolest nights on average 10.5 °C at Rosedale (Turretfield Research Centre)
Warmest nights on average 14.3 °C at Noarlunga
Warmest night 24.7 °C at Adelaide (Kent Town) on the 17th
Warmest on average overall 19.2 °C at Adelaide (Kent Town)
19.2 °C at Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira)
Coolest on average overall 15.0 °C at Mount Lofty
Wettest overall 14.0 mm at Ashton
Driest overall 0.2 mm at Gawler
Wettest day 6.0 mm at Belair (State Flora Nursery) on the 9th
Strongest wind gust 81 km/h at Kuitpo Forest Reserve on the 5th
81 km/h at Outer Harbour (Black Pole) on the 30th

Record lowest April total rainfall
New record
(mm)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
April
Williamstown (South Para Reservoir) 2.0 2.6 in 1993 52 48.6
Edinburgh RAAF 0.6 1.8 in 1997 47 29.5
Kuitpo Forest Reserve 7.2 7.4 in 2005 22 55.7

Lowest April total rainfall for at least 20 years
Observed
(mm)
Most recent
lower
Average for
April
Meadows 4.2 0.5 in 1923 66.5
Williamstown 1.2 0.8 in 1962 51.6
Rosedale (Turretfield Research Centre) 0.4 0.0 in 1962* 36.4
Parafield Airport 2.0 1.2 in 1981* 37.8
Lenswood 5.8 3.2 in 1993 70.8
Cudlee Creek (Millbrook Reservoir) 6.2 2.6 in 1993* 61.2
Hahndorf 4.7 4.2 in 1997 61.7
Mount Crawford AWS 3.0 1.4 in 1997 42.5
Birdwood 4.0 =4.0 in 1997* 51.9

* note: there are gaps in the historical record at this site, so it is possible a lower value has gone unreported




Record highest April daily minimum temperature
New record
(°C)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
April
Mount Barker 23.4 on the 17th 21.7 on the 26th in 1962 63 8.4



Summary statistics for April 2019
Maximum temperatures
(°C)
Minimum temperatures
(°C)
Rainfall
(millimetres)
Mean for
April
2019
Diff
from
average
Highest for
April
2019
Mean for
April
2019
Diff
from
average
Lowest for
April
2019
Total for
April
2019
Average
for
April
Rank of
April
2019
Fraction of
April
average
Adelaide (Kent Town) 24.8 +2.0 33.9 19th 13.7 +1.2 8.2 25th 5.4 38.2 v low 14%
Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) 24.3 +2.1 33.8 19th 14.1 +1.3 8.2 25th 3.2 43.8 v low 7%
Adelaide Airport 24.0 +1.7 33.3 16th 13.7 +1.9 8.3 24th 4.2 33.9 v low 12%
Edinburgh RAAF 25.1 +2.0 35.3 16th 13.1 +1.4 6.2 23rd 0.6 29.5 lowest 2%
Kuitpo Forest Reserve 21.6 +1.8 30.9 19th 12.1 +0.8 7.3 11th 7.2 55.7 lowest 13%
Mount Crawford AWS 21.5 +2.2 30.9 16th 11.4 +0.8 5.0 11th 3.0 42.5 v low 7%
Mount Lofty 19.3 +3.2 28.3 19th 10.7 +0.8 4.6 11th 8.6 57.8 v low 15%
Noarlunga 23.6 +1.1 32.9 19th 14.3 +0.5 9.6 18th 3.2 31.4 v low 10%
Parafield Airport 25.3 +2.5 34.5 16th 12.5 +0.7 4.8 29th 2.0 37.8 v low 5%
Rosedale (Turretfield Research Centre) 25.1 +1.9 35.4 16th 10.5 -0.2 4.1 10th 0.4 36.4 v low 1%

Daily maximum temperatures for April 2019
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930
Adelaide (Kent Town)22.528.226.533.533.022.323.923.818.919.522.325.322.728.729.233.926.723.533.932.420.520.622.420.922.418.419.019.124.525.2
Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira)21.227.626.632.732.621.022.923.719.020.221.625.223.128.728.933.525.723.033.832.220.020.521.720.421.418.317.918.523.924.3
Adelaide Airport20.627.326.331.632.320.422.523.219.219.520.624.723.625.729.633.325.624.032.632.020.020.521.820.120.818.717.918.023.324.3
Edinburgh RAAF21.427.627.333.034.121.723.724.119.519.722.625.123.328.929.335.331.723.834.633.120.420.921.520.821.319.318.718.924.725.3
Kuitpo Forest Reserve20.224.723.530.230.420.018.419.416.416.119.322.218.924.526.330.825.019.330.929.517.715.716.419.317.915.716.516.721.523.4
Mount Barker23.427.125.230.724.021.421.515.917.420.525.419.925.226.531.928.020.520.823.323.4
Mount Crawford AWS21.024.724.428.629.920.819.719.213.715.319.122.119.524.324.730.927.320.829.728.216.116.917.719.518.215.916.917.620.821.5
Mount Lofty17.822.221.227.727.117.616.116.213.414.417.719.716.822.523.527.922.020.728.326.814.915.915.917.115.712.614.015.019.019.6
Noarlunga20.827.326.131.631.120.521.422.119.119.520.224.322.525.228.532.623.124.732.931.020.520.620.519.920.417.918.018.422.223.7
Parafield Airport22.528.027.233.534.322.123.824.019.620.323.325.324.129.229.934.528.824.933.433.521.221.822.421.621.919.719.319.624.525.9
Rosedale (Turretfield Research Centre)23.028.229.532.634.023.024.824.719.518.822.126.023.228.028.735.432.023.032.532.519.520.822.222.021.019.319.519.124.325.2
Values are the maximum temperature, usually in the 24 hours from 9 am on the day indicated,
and typically occurred in the afternoon of that day.
Temperatures coloured according to their difference
from the long-term average for the period
-10.0 -9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0 +6.0 +7.0 +8.0 +9.0 +10.0 °C Grey outline marks highest
and lowest for the period

Daily minimum temperatures for April 2019
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930
Adelaide (Kent Town)14.211.412.216.923.616.910.814.313.112.210.08.512.316.118.915.824.711.416.719.714.79.710.38.88.215.010.211.78.313.3
Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira)13.910.813.320.123.717.011.814.013.111.311.613.213.615.618.918.724.510.016.621.314.48.98.68.78.215.19.912.08.515.0
Adelaide Airport14.710.611.420.222.617.411.114.313.411.19.310.212.815.618.117.223.110.415.719.314.68.710.18.38.315.19.912.89.114.1
Edinburgh RAAF13.09.412.119.522.616.79.912.213.210.69.910.312.616.420.116.123.610.116.317.714.99.16.27.37.114.59.010.07.813.4
Kuitpo Forest Reserve10.910.214.216.719.612.410.213.49.27.57.39.213.812.415.519.822.310.012.118.912.08.98.09.09.911.39.59.98.511.3
Mount Barker10.27.510.414.218.07.113.09.58.32.04.68.512.513.115.323.48.93.77.68.010.4
Mount Crawford AWS9.910.014.315.717.811.710.511.18.35.75.010.513.712.915.020.320.98.511.619.911.17.87.38.59.010.68.48.96.810.2
Mount Lofty9.09.214.315.319.210.710.011.06.95.84.68.912.912.414.719.420.17.510.420.19.36.85.97.38.59.27.08.37.010.6
Noarlunga13.612.814.518.423.415.812.415.912.611.310.710.314.314.117.718.222.59.615.424.414.69.810.211.710.014.411.613.411.114.3
Parafield Airport12.08.99.718.324.017.19.212.912.49.29.910.211.215.919.615.723.48.116.616.414.57.410.36.75.814.18.110.34.813.1
Rosedale (Turretfield Research Centre)9.39.910.014.020.414.06.29.08.94.17.08.98.514.516.615.421.97.015.219.214.56.75.24.34.212.09.25.74.59.4
Values are the minimum temperature, usually in the 24 hours to 9 am on the day indicated,
and typically occurred that morning.
Temperatures coloured according to their difference
from the long-term average for the period
-10.0 -9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0 +6.0 +7.0 +8.0 +9.0 +10.0 °C Grey outline marks highest
and lowest for the period

Daily rainfall for April 2019
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930
Adelaide (Brighton) 3.4 - - - - - - 3.2 - - - - - - 2.6 - - - - - - - - 1.4 1.4 - - - 0.2
Adelaide (Glen Osmond) 2.8 - - - 2.8 - - - - 1.0 - - 0.4 2.0 - - - -
Adelaide (Hope Valley Reservoir) 0.2 - - - - - - - 4.2 - - - - 1.0 - - 0.2 - - 0.6 - - - 0.6 - - - -
Adelaide (Kent Town) 0.2 - - - - - - - 3.6 - - - - 1.0 - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 0.4 - - - -
Adelaide (Keswick) 0.2 - - - - - - - 3.2 - - - - 1.0 - - - - - - 0.8 - - - - 0.2 - - - -
Adelaide (Morphett Vale)







2.4




















Adelaide (Morphettville Racecourse)












2.0















Adelaide (Salisbury Bowling Club) 2.6






0.6




















Adelaide (Seaton)







4.2



0.6





2.2








Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) - - - - - - - - 1.6 0.2 - - - 0.8 - - - - - - 0.6 - - - - - - - - -
Adelaide Airport - - - 0.4 - - - - 1.6 - - - - 0.8 - - - - - - 1.4 - - - - - - - - -
Aldgate 0.2 - - - - - - - 5.8




















Ashton 0.2 - - - - - 0.2 - 4.8 - 0.4 - - 2.4 - - 0.2 - - - 0.8 - 0.4 - 0.2 4.4 - - - -
Ashton Co-op 3.2




























Athelstone (Black Hill Alert) - - - - - - - - 3.8 - - - - 0.6 0.2 - 0.2 - - - 0.2 - - - - 1.4 - - - -
Balhannah (Gumbooya) 0.2 - 0.2 - - - - - 1.2 - 0.2 - - 0.8 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - 0.2 - -
Beaumont - - - - - - - - 2.4 - - - - 1.0 - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 0.8 - - - -
Belair - 0.2 - - - - - - 4.0 - - - - 0.8 - - - - - - 0.6 - - - - 1.0 - - - -
Belair (St Johns) - - - - - - - - 3.8 - - - - 1.0 - - - - - - 0.6 - - 0.2 - 0.4 0.2 - - -
Belair (State Flora Nursery) - - - - - - - - 6.0 - - - - 1.4 - - - - - - 1.0 - - - - 1.6 - - - -
Bellevue Heights 0.2 - - - - - - - 3.4 - - - - 1.4 - - - - - - 1.6 - - - - 0.4 0.2 - - -
Birdwood - - - - - - - - 2.0 - - - - 0.6 - - 0.2 - - - 0.4 - - - - 0.6 - - 0.2 -
Birdwood (McVittie's Hill Rndsup) - - - - - - - - 0.8 - - - - 0.4 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - -
Bridgewater 6.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Burnside - - - - - - - - 3.6 - - - - 1.0 - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 1.4 - - - -
Clarendon







4.0



2.0





2.8



1.0


Crafers West - - - - - - - - 2.6 - - - - 1.2 - - - - - - 0.2 - - 0.4 - 2.2 - - 0.2 -
Cromer Road - - - - 0.2 - - - 2.2 - - - - 0.6 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.8 - 0.2 - -
Cudlee Creek (Millbrook Reservoir) 0.2 - - - - - - - 2.8 - - - - 0.8 - - 0.8 - 1.6 - - - - - - - - - -
Cudlee Creek (Odea Road) - - - - - - - - 2.4 - - - - 0.6 - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - 0.4 0.2 - - -
Edinburgh RAAF - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Gawler 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Gould Creek (Hermitage) 0.4 - - - - - - - 1.2 - - - - 0.2 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - -
Greenacres - - - - - - - - 2.2 0.2 - - - 0.6 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - -
Hahndorf - 0.1 - - - - - - 2.3 0.2 - - - 1.1 - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 0.8 - - -
Halbury Road Salisbury (Halbury Road) - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Harrogate (Mount Beevor South) - - - - - - - - 0.4 0.2 - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Heathfield Works Depot 4.0 - - - - - - 7.2 - - - - - - - 1.2 - - - - - - - - 1.6



Inglewood - - - - - - - - 2.0 - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - -
Ironstone Road 0.2 - - 0.2 - - - - 0.6 - - - - 0.4 - - - 0.2 - - - 0.2 - - 0.2 0.4 - - - -
Kangarilla (Saddlebags Rndsup) - - - - - - - 0.2 2.6 0.2 - - - 1.6 - - - - - - 1.6 - - 0.4 - 0.6 - - - -
Kanmantoo (Millbrae) - - - - - - - - 0.8 - - - - 0.8 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Kersbrook - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 0.2 - - - 0.2 - - 0.2 - - 0.2 - 0.4 - - - -
Kilburn - - - - - - - - 2.2 - - - - 0.8 - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 0.2 - - - -
Kuitpo Forest Reserve - 0.2 - - - - - 0.4 1.4 0.8 - - - 1.8 - - - - - - 2.0 - - 0.2 - 0.4 - - - -
Lenswood - - - - - - - - 2.6 - - - - 1.4 - - 0.4 - - - - - - 0.2 - 1.0 0.2 - - -
Lenswood (Stringybark) 0.4 - - - - - - - 3.6 - - - - 0.4 0.2 - - 0.2 - - - - - - 0.2 1.0 - 0.2 - 0.2
Lobethal (Graeber) - 0.4 - - - - - - 1.4 - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - -
Lobethal (Maidment Road) - - - - - - - - 2.4 - - - - 0.6 - - 0.4 0.2 - - 0.2 - - - 0.2 0.6 - - - -
Long Ridge (Greenhill) - - - - - - - - 3.0 - - - - 1.0 0.2 - - - - - - 0.2 - - - 1.0 - - - -
Longwood 0.2 - - - - - - - 2.2 - - - - 1.4 - -













Longwood Alert 0.2 - - - - - - - 2.0 - 0.2 - - 1.4 - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - 1.6 - - - -
Macclesfield 0.8 - - - - 0.8 0.8 - - - 1.4 - - - - - - - 0.8
McLaren Vale (Pirramimma Winery) 3.4 - - - 0.6 0.8 - - - 2.4 - - - - - - - - - - 1.0



Meadows - - - - - - - 1.4 0.4 - - 1.4 - - - - - - - - - - - 1.0 - - - -
Mitchell Park (Marion) 0.2 - - - - - - - 4.2 - 0.2 - - 1.8 - - - - - - 1.6 - - - - 0.6 - - - -
Montacute - - - - - - - - 3.2 - - - - 0.4 - - 0.2 - 0.2 - - - - - - 0.8 - - - -
Morphettville - - - - - - - - 0.6 - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - 1.2 - - - - - - - - -
Mount Barker - - - - -
- 0.6 1.6 - - - - 1.2 - - - - 0.4 - - -
Mount Crawford AWS - - - - - - - - 1.8 - - - - 0.2 - - - 0.2 - - 0.2 - - 0.2 - 0.2 - - 0.2 -
Mount Lofty - - - - - - - - 4.2 - - - - 1.6 - - - - - - 0.2 - - - 0.2 2.2 - - 0.2 -
Mt Bold (Scott Creek Alert) - - - - - - - 0.4 3.6 - - - - 1.4 0.2 - - - - - 1.4 - 0.2 - - 0.6 - - - -
Mt Torrens - - - - - - - - 1.8 - - - - 0.8 - - 0.4 - - - 0.2 - - 0.2 - 0.4 0.2 - - -
Mylor (Biggs Flat) - - - - - - - - 3.0 - - - - 1.2 - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.4 - - - -
Nairne 0.8 - - - - - - - 2.6 - - - 1.0 - - - - - - - - - - 0.4



Noarlunga 0.2 - - - - - - 0.2 0.6 - - - - 1.4 - -
- - - 0.6
0.2 - - - - - - -
North Adelaide 4.0 - - - - - - - 4.0 - - - 1.2 - - - - - - - 0.4 - - 0.2 - - - -
Parafield Airport - - - - - - - - 1.0 - - - - 0.8 - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - -
Piccadilly (Woodhouse) - - - - - - - - 3.2




















Prospect Hill - - - - - - - 1.4 3.2 1.6 - - - 1.8 - - - - - - 1.8 - - - - 0.6 - - - -
Red Creek (Burwood) - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 1.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Regency Park - - - - - - - - 3.0 - - - - 0.8 - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - -
Rosedale (Turretfield Research Centre) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - -
Rosslyn Park (Seaview) - - - - - - - - 4.0 0.2 - - - 0.6 0.2 - - - - - - 0.2 - - - 1.0 - - - -
Sellicks Beach







1.0



2.2















Uraidla







4.2



1.6















Uraidla (Sutton Creek) - - - - - - - - 3.4 - 0.2 - - 1.2 - - - 0.2 - - 0.4 - - - - 1.2 - - - -
Verdun 0.2 - - - - - - - 5.2 - - - - 1.2 - - 0.2 - - - 0.2 - - - - 1.2 - - - -
Williamstown - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 0.6 - - - -
Williamstown (South Para Reservoir) - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - 0.4 - - - - 1.0 - - - -
Willunga 1.2 - - - - 0.4 1.6 - - - - 2.8 - - - - 1.0 - 0.4 - - - -
Woodside (Inverbrackie) - - - - - - - - 0.8 - - - - 0.6 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - -
Woodside (Wicks Estate) - - - - - - - - 0.6 - - - - 0.6 0.2 - 0.6 0.2 - - - - - - - 0.4 - - - -
Most values are the precipitation in the 24 hours to 9 am on the day indicated. Days marked with → are part of a longer accumulation, which is shown on the final day.
Values over 100 mm have been rounded to the nearest whole millimetre.
Days marked with - have a rainfall report of zero; days left blank have no rainfall report (which often indicates no rain fell).
Rainfalls coloured
according to the amount
0 1.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 25.0 50.0 100 150 200 300 400 600 millimetres

Notes

The Monthly climate summary, generally published on the first working day of each month, lists the main features of the weather in Greater Adelaide using the most timely and accurate information available on the date of publication; it will generally not be updated. More extensive discussion of significant weather events, along with later information and data that has had greater opportunity for quality control, will be presented in the Monthly Weather Review.

This summary includes data from observing sites in or near the Greater Adelaide “Greater Capital City Statistical Area” (GCCSA). The Australian Bureau of Statistics designed the GCCSAs to “include the population within the urban area of the city, as well as people who regularly socialise, shop or work within the city, and live in small towns and rural areas surrounding the city. It is important to note that GCCSAs do not define the built up edge of the city. They provide a stable definition for these cities and are designed for the output of a range of social and economic survey data.

This statement has been prepared based on information available at 10 am on Wednesday 1 May 2019. Some checks have been made on the data, but it is possible that results will change as new information becomes available.

In some situations, some or all of the rainfall is in the form of hail or snow. In these cases the totals given are for the water equivalent: the depth of liquid water that results from melting any frozen precipitation. There can be significant 'undercatch' of snow in strong winds, meaning the true precipitation can be higher than that reported.

Averages for individual sites are long-term means based on observations from all available years of record, which vary widely from site to site. They are not shown for sites with less than 10 years of record, as they cannot then be calculated reliably.
The median is sometimes more representative than the mean of long-term average rain.

The Rank indicates how rainfall this time compares with the climate record for the site, based on the decile ranking (very low rainfall is in decile 1, low in decile 2 or 3, average in decile 4 to 7, high in decile 8 or 9 and very high is in decile 10).
The Fraction of average shows how much rain has fallen this time as a percentage of the long-term mean.

Where temperature area averages are mentioned, they are derived from the ACORN-SAT dataset.

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