South Australia in December 2020: cool and wet in the west, dry in parts of the east

Rainfall in December was above to very much above average over much of the state's west and parts of the north, but it was drier than average in some central and eastern Agricultural districts. Daytime temperatures for December were below to very much below average across much of western and northern South Australia. Night-time temperatures were generally close to average across most of the state, but nights were generally cooler than average in Agricultural districts and warmer than average in the north-east. Overall, it was South Australia's coolest December since 2010.

Wettest December since 2016

  • Rainfall in December was above to very much above average over much of the state's west and parts of the north.
  • December was drier than average in some central and eastern Agricultural districts, particularly in areas around Mannum where the region averaged less than 10 mm for the second consecutive month.
  • The Murraylands and Riverland districts each had less than half their December average rainfall.
  • The wettest day for the state as a whole was the 21st, when a trough of low pressure brought showers and rain across large areas of the state's north.
  • For South Australia as a whole, rainfall was 55% above average, the highest in December since 2016.
  • Cook had its highest total December rainfall since 1966.

Coolest since 2010

  • Daytime temperatures for December were below to very much below average across much of western and northern South Australia.
  • The mean maximum temperature for South Australia as a whole was 0.89 °C below average, the coolest in December since 2008.
  • The hottest temperature recorded during the month was 46.6 °C at Moomba Airport on the 5th as hot north-westerly winds raised dust in the north while a cold front brought rain on the same day to areas further south.
  • Night-time temperatures were generally close to average across most of the state, but it was a generally cooler than average month in Agricultural districts and warmer than average in the north-east.
  • The mean minimum temperature for South Australia was 0.13 °C above average, the lowest since 2010.
  • Overall, the state's mean temperature for December was 0.37 °C below average, making it South Australia's coolest December since 2010.
  • December was cooler than November for South Australia as a whole for only the sixth time since 1910.
  • On the 13th, Cape Jaffa (The Limestone) had its warmest December night on record.
  • Robe and Mount Crawford had their lowest December mean daily minimum temperature for at least 20 years.

Further information

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Extremes in December 2020
Hottest day 46.6 °C at Moomba Airport on the 5th
Warmest days on average 35.6 °C at Moomba Airport
Coolest days on average 20.1 °C at Cape Willoughby, Neptune Island, and Parawa (Second Valley Forest AWS)
Coldest day 11.9 °C at Mount Lofty on the 7th
Coldest night 1.1 °C at Keith (Munkora) on the 28th
Coolest nights on average 9.7 °C at Naracoorte Aerodrome
Warmest nights on average 23.0 °C at Moomba Airport
Warmest night 30.9 °C at Moomba Airport on the 5th
Warmest on average overall 29.3 °C at Moomba Airport
Coolest on average overall 15.7 °C at Mount Lofty
Wettest overall 85.3 mm at Cook
Wettest day 40.8 mm at Cook on the 12th
Strongest wind gust 119 km/h at Mount Crawford AWS on the 5th

Maps
ObservedAnomalyDecile rank
Total
rainfall
Map of Rainfall totals Map of Percentage of normal rainfall Map of Rainfall deciles
Mean
daily
maximum
temperatures
Map of Mean maximum temperature Map of Anomaly in mean maximum temperature Map of Decile rank of mean maximum temperature
Mean
daily
minimum
temperatures
Map of Mean minimum temperature Map of Anomaly in mean minimum temperature Map of Decile rank of mean minimum temperature

Click on a map to show it full size in a pop-up window


Highest December total rainfall for at least 20 years
Observed
(mm)
Most recent
higher
Average for
December
Cook 85.3 105.4 in 1966* 18.7

* note: there are gaps in the historical record at this site, so it is possible a higher value has gone unreported




Record highest December daily minimum temperature
New record
(°C)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
December
Cape Jaffa (The Limestone) 22.2 on the 13th = 22.2 on the 29th in 2002 30 12.4



Lowest December mean daily minimum temperature for at least 20 years
Observed
(°C)
Most recent
lower
Average for
December
Robe 11.4 11.3 in 1958 12.7
Mount Crawford AWS 11.0 10.3 in 1996 12.3



Summary statistics for December 2020
Maximum temperatures
(°C)
Minimum temperatures
(°C)
Rainfall
(millimetres)
Mean for
December
2020
Diff
from
average
Highest for
December
2020
Mean for
December
2020
Diff
from
average
Lowest for
December
2020
Total for
December
2020
Average
for
December
Rank of
December
2020
Fraction of
December
average
Northwest (district 16)
Andamooka 32.6 -2.1 41.3 27th 19.3 -0.3 12.5 8th 35.2 18.9 v high 186%
Coober Pedy Airport 32.6 -2.1 42.4 27th 18.8 -1.3 13.3 22nd 18.0 19.1 average 94%
Ernabella (Pukatja) 32.0 -1.6 39.9 4th 18.2 -1.1 13.0 24th 28.6 60.9 average 47%
Roxby Downs (Olympic Dam Aerodrome) 32.0 -2.8 39.9 27th 18.5 -0.5 11.5 8th 32.4 15.9 high 204%
Tarcoola Aero 32.2 -2.1 39.4 4th 17.2 -0.4 9.4 8th 30.2 20.3 high 149%
Woomera Aerodrome 31.2 -1.4 39.0 14th 17.4 -0.4 11.0 6th 27.6 14.3 high 193%
Far North (district 17)
Leigh Creek Airport 31.5 -2.0 39.3 4th 18.7 -0.2 10.1 8th 29.2 22.0 high 133%
Marree Aero 33.8 -2.6 41.8 4th 20.2 -0.4 13.9 8th 28.4 15.1 high 188%
Moomba Airport 35.6 -1.3 46.6 5th 23.0 +0.5 16.6 9th 37.8 14.5 high 261%
Oodnadatta Airport 35.1 -1.4 42.8 4th 20.5 -0.9 14.6 9th 3.4 17.0 low 20%
Western Agricultural (district 18)
Ceduna AMO 26.5 -1.0 40.9 4th 13.7 -0.4 5.9 3rd 28.4 20.6 high 138%
Cleve 25.4 -1.5 38.5 26th 13.8 -0.3 7.8 8th 15.2 26.0 average 58%
Cleve Aerodrome 25.4 -2.2 39.9 26th 13.4 -0.7 9.1 8th 12.0 23.3 average 52%
Coffin Bay (Point Avoid) 22.6   33.1 4th 13.8   9.0 9th 15.4
Cultana (Defence) 29.7   39.5 26th 15.2   9.6 8th 27.8
Cummins Aero 26.3 -2.4 38.3 4th 11.5 -1.7 3.2 18th 15.6 20.6 average 76%
Elliston 24.7 -0.1 36.6 4th 14.5 -0.2 8.5 23rd 21.4 16.6 high 129%
Minnipa PIRSA 28.5 -2.3 39.0 26th 13.6 -0.8 8.0 18th 22.6 19.1 high 118%
Neptune Island 20.1 -0.4 27.4 14th 14.7 -0.2 12.8 7th 3.2 16.7 low 19%
North Shields (Port Lincoln AWS) 23.0 -1.9 35.8 14th 13.6 -0.4 8.5 9th 14.0 17.9 average 78%
Nullarbor 25.2 -2.0 42.2 4th 14.6 +0.2 9.9 3rd 55.2 15.9 v high 347%
Port Augusta Aero 30.6 -1.9 39.9 27th 17.1 -0.3 10.3 6th 40.8 24.2 high 169%
Streaky Bay 26.1 -1.4 37.8 26th 13.9 -1.1 8.5 3rd 40.8 14.6 v high 279%
Whyalla Aero 27.6 -0.8 37.9 14th 16.3 +0.3 10.4 9th 23.2 24.2 average 96%
Wudinna Aero 29.6 -1.9 40.4 26th 13.1 -0.5 4.2 8th 19.8 16.9 average 117%
Upper North (district 19)
Hawker 30.7 -1.4 36.9 14th 17.0 +1.0 7.8 9th 30.2 22.1 high 137%
Yongala 27.1 -1.6 35.0 26th 11.5 -0.2 4.5 2nd 47.8 24.7 high 194%
Northeast (district 20)
Gluepot Reserve (Gluepot) 30.1 -1.6 38.8 27th 13.2 -0.7 4.8 2nd 10.2 32.1 low 32%
Yunta Airstrip 29.5 -2.1 37.6 27th 14.5 -0.1 7.0 8th 14.6 17.4 average 84%
Lower North (district 21)
Clare High School 26.4 -1.4 35.0 26th 11.6 -1.1 5.5 29th 42.0 37.7 average 111%
Port Pirie Aerodrome AWS 29.2   38.8 26th 14.1   6.3 8th 36.4
Snowtown (Rayville Park) 28.6 -2.0 38.0 12th 11.7 -0.8 6.1 8th 44.8 28.7 high 156%
Yorke Peninsula (district 22A)
Edithburgh 22.8 -1.3 34.6 14th 14.8 -0.1 10.2 8th 17.4 16.3 average 107%
Kadina AWS 27.6 -2.0 37.8 26th 13.4 -0.1 6.9 8th 14.4 28.3 average 51%
Minlaton Aero 26.2 -1.7 38.0 14th 12.6 -1.0 7.0 28th 9.8 18.3 average 54%
Stenhouse Bay 22.2 -1.2 37.5 14th 14.5 -0.6 9.7 9th 5.8 16.1 low 36%
Kangaroo Island (district 22B)
Cape Borda 20.7 -2.2 29.4 12th 12.2 -0.9 8.1 9th 11.2 24.8 low 45%
Cape Willoughby 20.1 -0.7 32.7 14th 14.3 -0.2 10.8 7th 23.4 23.0 average 102%
Kingscote Aero 23.5 -1.7 36.4 14th 11.0 0.0 3.3 3rd 6.8 19.7 low 35%
Parndana CFS AWS 22.4   34.5 14th 10.6   4.6 28th 10.2 30.7 average 33%
Adelaide Plains (district 23A)
Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) 26.3 -0.6 37.3 14th 14.4 -0.8 9.2 28th 18.8 26.1 average 72%
Adelaide Airport 25.5 -0.4 37.1 12th 14.7 0.0 9.4 28th 17.0 23.7 average 72%
Edinburgh RAAF 27.3 -0.8 37.7 14th 14.2 -0.7 7.9 28th 11.4 24.8 average 46%
Parafield Airport 27.7 -0.2 37.8 12th 13.9 -1.0 7.2 28th 11.2 24.6 low 46%
Roseworthy AWS 28.4 -1.3 37.9 14th 11.4 -1.3 3.7 3rd 12.0 25.1 low 48%
County Light (district 23B)
Nuriootpa PIRSA 26.7 -0.9 35.6 26th 11.5 -1.0 4.1 8th 11.6 31.3 low 37%
Mount Lofty Ranges (district 23C)
Hindmarsh Island AWS 23.0 -1.9 37.3 14th 14.4 -0.3 9.2 3rd 8.0 23.5 low 34%
Kuitpo Forest Reserve 22.4 -1.7 33.0 14th 11.6 -1.1 7.7 28th 29.4 35.1 average 84%
Mount Barker 25.0 -0.2 33.8 26th 10.9 +0.4 5.5 3rd 23.2 34.9 average 66%
Mount Crawford AWS 24.0 -1.2 33.2 14th 11.0 -1.3 6.5 11th 18.6 33.0 average 56%
Mount Lofty 21.2 +1.1 30.8 14th 10.2 -0.6 5.3 11th 32.0 51.0 average 63%
Noarlunga 25.3 -1.3 36.6 14th 14.3 -1.2 8.6 28th 23.2 21.0 high 110%
Parawa (Second Valley Forest AWS) 20.1 -1.8 33.2 14th 11.5 -0.6 7.3 3rd 27.2 36.0 average 76%
Victor Harbor (Encounter Bay) 22.6 -1.6 37.3 14th 12.6 -0.2 5.0 3rd 12.6 27.0 low 47%
Upper Murray Valley (district 24A)
Loxton Research Centre 29.5 -0.5 38.0 15th 13.3 0.0 7.4 3rd 8.8 23.5 low 37%
Renmark Aero 30.0 -1.4 39.0 15th 14.1 -0.3 7.5 8th 10.4 21.8 average 48%
Lower Murray Valley (district 24B)
Eudunda 27.0 -0.2 35.9 26th 11.4 -1.0 6.0 8th 16.2 26.4 average 61%
Meningie 24.3 -0.4 36.0 14th 12.4 -0.7 7.0 3rd 32.4 23.8 high 136%
Murray Bridge (Pallamana Aerodrome) 27.1 -2.0 37.6 14th 12.0 -0.5 4.8 3rd 3.4 26.2 v low 13%
Strathalbyn Racecourse 25.1 -1.2 37.9 14th 12.7 -0.3 6.3 3rd 14.8 22.8 average 65%
Upper Southeast (district 25B)
Keith 26.4 -1.4 37.0 14th 11.0 -1.0 5.0 28th 20.3 26.7 average 76%
Keith (Munkora) 27.0 -2.2 37.2 14th 9.9 -0.8 1.1 28th 17.0 30.1 average 56%
Lameroo (Austin Plains) 28.2 -1.6 37.3 14th 11.0 -1.3 3.5 28th 7.4 25.7 low 29%
Lower Southeast (district 26)
Cape Jaffa (The Limestone) 21.7 -1.3 34.4 12th 12.2 -0.2 6.5 3rd 23.4 22.4 high 104%
Coonawarra 23.2 -2.0 35.7 14th 10.0 -0.2 1.5 28th 35.0 36.3 average 96%
Mount Gambier Aero 21.7 -1.4 36.5 14th 10.2 +0.2 2.4 3rd 48.6 38.6 high 126%
Naracoorte Aerodrome 25.1 -2.4 37.5 14th 9.7 -0.5 2.4 3rd 24.2 36.0 average 67%
Padthaway South 24.7 -2.3 36.1 14th 10.1 -0.7 4.0 11th 29.8 31.9 average 93%
Robe 20.5 -0.8 30.9 12th 11.4 -1.3 6.5 3rd 25.3 28.0 average 90%
Robe Airfield 21.3 -1.9 34.8 14th 11.8 -0.1 2.6 3rd 26.0 31.1 average 84%

Notes

The Monthly climate summary, generally published on the first working day of each month, lists the main features of the weather in South Australia using the most timely and accurate information available on the date of publication; it will generally not be updated. More extensive discussion of significant weather events, along with later information and data that has had greater opportunity for quality control, will be presented in the Monthly Weather Review.

This statement has been prepared based on information available at 11 am on Thursday 7 January 2021. Some checks have been made on the data, but it is possible that results will change as new information becomes available.

In some situations, some or all of the rainfall is in the form of hail or snow. In these cases the totals given are for the water equivalent: the depth of liquid water that results from melting any frozen precipitation. There can be significant 'undercatch' of snow in strong winds, meaning the true precipitation can be higher than that reported.

Averages for individual sites are long-term means based on observations from all available years of record, which vary widely from site to site. They are not shown for sites with less than 10 years of record, as they cannot then be calculated reliably.
The median is sometimes more representative than the mean of long-term average rain.

The Rank indicates how rainfall this time compares with the climate record for the site, based on the decile ranking (very low rainfall is in decile 1, low in decile 2 or 3, average in decile 4 to 7, high in decile 8 or 9 and very high is in decile 10).
The Fraction of average shows how much rain has fallen this time as a percentage of the long-term mean.

Where temperature area averages are mentioned, they are derived from the ACORN-SAT dataset.

Further information

Media
(03) 9669 4057

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