Outage: Some data is not available due to a technical issue. This affects some observations and forecasts.

Greater Adelaide in May 2021: below average rainfall

Rainfall in May was below average across Adelaide and the Hills, with all sites recording no more than 70% of their monthly average rainfall. Despite a cool end to the month, mean maximum temperatures were generally warmer than average at sites across Adelaide and the Hills, with night-time temperatures closer to the May average.

Drier than average

  • Rainfall in May was below average at all sites across Adelaide and the Hills.
  • There were several days of rain during the middle of the month from the 9th to the 15th, and again later in May from the 25th to the 27th.
  • The heaviest rain was recorded on the 25th, when Bridgewater recorded 28.0 mm.
  • The overall wettest location was Ashton, which recorded 79.0 mm for the month.
  • Rainfall totals for May ranged from 52% of average at Edinburgh RAAF to 70% at Noarlunga.
  • The passage of a cold front on the 24th and 25th brought strong and gusty winds and a maximum wind gust of 80 km/h was recorded at Adelaide Airport during the afternoon of the 25th; similar gusts were recorded about the Hills, including 81 km/h at Mount Crawford on the night of the 24th.

Warmer than average days

  • Mean maximum temperatures were above average at all sites across Adelaide and the Hills.
  • The warmest day of the month was on the 1st, with 29.9 °C at Parafield Airport the highest recorded temperature in May across Greater Adelaide.
  • Mount Lofty recorded a maximum temperature of 23.0 °C on the 1st, its highest May temperature on record.
  • Despite a few cold nights in the middle and at the end of the month, mean minimum temperatures for May were above average at most sites in Greater Adelaide.
  • The lowest temperature recorded for the month was -0.1 °C at Parafield Airport on the morning of the 30th, and Parafield Airport was also the only site in Greater Adelaide with a mean minimum temperature below the May average.

Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira)

  • Total rainfall for Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) was 38.0 mm, which is 56% of the long-term average of 67.8 mm.
  • The mean daily maximum temperature for Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) was 19.6 °C, which is 1.0 °C above the long-term average of 18.6 °C.
  • The warmest day was 29.0 °C on the 1st, and the coolest day was on the 31st when the temperature reached 15.9 °C.
  • The mean daily minimum temperature for Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) was 10.7 °C, which is 0.3 °C above the long-term average of 10.4 °C.
  • The coldest morning was 3.5 °C on the 30th, and the warmest morning was on the 24th when the minimum temperature was 18.1 °C.

Further information

Media
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Extremes in May 2021
Hottest day 29.9 °C at Parafield Airport on the 1st
Warmest days on average 20.3 °C at Parafield Airport
Coolest days on average 13.6 °C at Mount Lofty
Coldest day 8.9 °C at Mount Lofty on the 11th
Coldest night -0.1 °C at Parafield Airport on the 30th
Coolest nights on average 7.8 °C at Mount Barker
Warmest nights on average 11.5 °C at Noarlunga
Warmest night 18.5 °C at Noarlunga on the 1st
Warmest on average overall 15.1 °C at Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) and Noarlunga
Coolest on average overall 10.9 °C at Mount Lofty
Wettest overall 79.2 mm at Ashton
Wettest day 28.0 mm at Bridgewater on the 25th
Strongest wind gust 81 km/h at Mount Crawford AWS on the 24th

Record highest May temperature
New record
(°C)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
May
Mount Lofty 23.0 on the 1st 21.8 on the 4th in 2005 21 12.3



Summary statistics for May 2021
Maximum temperatures
(°C)
Minimum temperatures
(°C)
Rainfall
(millimetres)
Mean for
May
2021
Diff
from
average
Highest for
May
2021
Mean for
May
2021
Diff
from
average
Lowest for
May
2021
Total for
May
2021
Average
for
May
Rank of
May
2021
Fraction of
May
average
Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) 19.6 +1.0 29.0 1st 10.7 +0.3 3.5 30th 38.0 67.8 low 56%
Adelaide Airport 19.1 +0.5 28.9 1st 9.9 +0.2 2.2 30th 30.4 53.3 low 57%
Edinburgh RAAF 19.8 +0.6 29.7 1st 9.2 0.0 1.2 30th 23.2 44.7 low 52%
Kuitpo Forest Reserve 16.1 +0.2 26.2 1st 9.5 +0.2 5.1 30th 58.2 86.5 low 67%
Mount Barker 17.6 +1.0 26.2 1st 7.8 +1.0 2.5 30th 52.9 87.3 low 61%
Mount Crawford AWS 15.5 +0.6 25.2 1st 8.9 +0.3 3.8 29th 40.6 68.6 low 59%
Mount Lofty 13.6 +1.3 23.0 1st 8.2 +0.5 3.4 29th 62.8 106.2 low 59%
Noarlunga 18.7 +0.3 28.0 1st 11.5 0.0 5.6 30th 37.4 53.4 low 70%
Parafield Airport 20.3 +1.3 29.9 1st 8.3 -1.1 -0.1 30th 26.2 48.0 low 55%

Daily maximum temperatures for May 2021
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031
Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira)29.021.120.317.619.621.922.419.619.317.116.617.216.517.016.617.618.019.019.921.924.923.724.825.417.216.717.917.416.817.715.9
Adelaide Airport28.920.519.618.318.122.221.819.519.017.016.215.716.917.116.617.417.118.619.620.721.123.525.125.517.016.717.517.114.516.716.3
Edinburgh RAAF29.721.219.917.919.323.022.419.320.017.516.317.216.917.916.917.417.319.220.723.324.923.825.325.917.517.017.817.516.417.617.8
Kuitpo Forest Reserve26.217.316.013.413.919.520.416.015.613.511.613.913.313.212.814.315.315.317.219.422.220.521.822.113.613.914.612.111.314.813.6
Mount Barker26.217.014.916.019.321.820.616.215.212.116.414.916.214.816.016.217.417.422.623.223.222.122.114.016.518.013.214.316.913.9
Mount Crawford AWS25.217.616.912.915.117.820.015.115.812.810.914.211.512.612.112.513.915.617.119.920.620.520.620.511.912.613.813.310.714.012.6
Mount Lofty23.015.314.511.113.416.317.113.311.510.38.911.910.310.210.711.111.813.114.417.519.618.418.619.09.510.912.310.911.013.112.1
Noarlunga28.020.219.517.818.021.321.919.018.916.415.416.016.016.516.117.217.218.119.420.321.922.824.424.716.416.417.815.715.515.715.9
Parafield Airport29.921.720.719.020.523.022.919.519.817.817.217.816.918.617.918.418.119.421.022.725.324.125.826.117.918.418.718.316.417.917.0
Values are the maximum temperature, usually in the 24 hours from 9 am on the day indicated,
and typically occurred in the afternoon of that day.
Temperatures coloured according to their difference
from the long-term average for the period
-10.0 -9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0 +6.0 +7.0 +8.0 +9.0 +10.0 °C Grey outline marks highest
and lowest for the period

Daily minimum temperatures for May 2021
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031
Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira)16.813.610.78.97.28.714.811.812.112.510.55.19.111.011.511.812.76.710.612.87.614.113.018.113.311.49.58.76.43.57.4
Adelaide Airport14.814.110.19.17.18.212.011.410.812.010.55.07.211.712.512.714.55.78.011.65.99.310.517.213.811.69.18.84.82.24.1
Edinburgh RAAF15.911.29.95.04.48.013.210.210.99.711.54.47.011.710.811.512.94.47.111.96.18.910.817.013.111.68.37.24.11.24.0
Kuitpo Forest Reserve14.112.59.87.27.68.611.613.09.611.08.08.08.38.58.48.910.16.88.312.011.011.710.814.311.18.49.19.25.65.16.3
Mount Barker11.212.58.05.55.25.09.612.36.510.68.37.26.07.08.88.28.53.03.511.75.58.67.813.411.57.58.48.24.52.54.3
Mount Crawford AWS17.311.39.35.45.27.512.311.89.89.46.75.47.37.27.38.19.07.39.310.810.713.412.214.49.67.17.68.53.84.46.4
Mount Lofty15.610.78.85.04.56.511.411.68.78.46.34.46.46.76.86.97.86.18.49.410.312.813.113.98.96.17.47.73.44.17.5
Noarlunga18.515.810.99.18.911.614.813.411.814.610.56.99.912.511.711.813.19.212.214.210.212.313.117.412.711.29.611.26.15.65.8
Parafield Airport13.311.39.95.86.18.312.18.711.310.510.23.54.89.09.811.311.92.86.59.95.36.88.118.313.211.57.65.62.9-0.10.3
Values are the minimum temperature, usually in the 24 hours to 9 am on the day indicated,
and typically occurred that morning.
Temperatures coloured according to their difference
from the long-term average for the period
-10.0 -9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0 +6.0 +7.0 +8.0 +9.0 +10.0 °C Grey outline marks highest
and lowest for the period

Daily rainfall for May 2021
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031
Adelaide (Glen Osmond) - - - - - - - - 15.8 - 0.4 7.6 3.2 - - - - - - - - 13.8 2.8 2.4 - -
Adelaide (Hope Valley Reservoir) - - - - - - - - - 10.0 1.0 - - 7.0 1.8 - - - - - - - - - 12.2 3.2 0.2 - -

Adelaide (Keswick) - - - - - - - - 5.4 6.2 0.2 - 0.4 7.8 3.4 - - - - - - - - - 12.4 2.0 2.6 - - - -
Adelaide (Morphett Vale) - - - - - - - - 6.2 3.2 - - - 4.4 2.0 - - - - - - - - - 19.2



Adelaide (Seaton)







4.2 3.6


1.6










11.8




Adelaide (West Terrace / ngayirdapira) - - - - - - - - 2.0 7.0 0.8 - - 9.8 2.2 - - - - - - - - - 13.8 1.0 1.4 - - - -
Adelaide Airport - - - - - - - - 6.6 3.8 0.2 0.2 - 5.4 0.4 - - - - - - - - - 12.6 1.0 0.2 - - - -
Aldgate - - 0.4 1.0 - - - - 6.0 12.0 1.8 0.4 1.6 6.6 2.2 - - - - - - - - - 26.8 7.6 0.8 0.5 - - -
Ashton - - - 0.8 - - - - 8.0 17.2 3.2 0.2 1.4 10.8 2.8 - - - - - - - - - 26.6 4.8 3.0 0.2 0.2 - -
Ashton Co-op - - - 0.6 - - - - - 23.4 2.8 0.6 1.6 10.0 - - - - - - - - - - 23.6 5.8 3.4



Athelstone (Black Hill Alert) - - - - - - - - 0.8 12.0 1.8 - 0.2 6.0 2.2 - - - - - - - - - 15.8 4.4 4.4 - - - -
Balhannah (Gumbooya) - - 0.2 4.6 - - - - 10.0 7.6 2.8 1.0 0.2 4.6 1.4 - - - - - - - - - 18.4 5.8 1.6 - 0.2 - -
Beaumont - - - - - - - - 5.4 6.8 0.8 0.2 0.2 6.8 2.6 - - - - - - - - - 13.8 1.6 2.4 - 0.2 - -
Belair - - - 0.6 - - - - 5.6 6.8 1.2 0.2 1.0 9.6 2.4 - - - - - - - - - 17.0 3.6 4.0 0.2 - 0.2 -
Belair (St Johns) - - - - - - - - 7.0 5.2 2.0 - 0.4 15.0 2.8 - 0.2 - - - - - - - 20.2 4.4 9.0 - - - -
Belair (State Flora Nursery) - - 0.6 0.2 - - 12.4 1.8 - 1.6 11.2 3.0 - - - - - - - - - 19.8 8.6 0.4


Bellevue Heights - - - - - - - - 7.2 1.4 1.4 - 0.2 9.4 1.2 - - - - - - - - - 18.8 6.4 4.2 - - - -
Birdwood - - - 1.8 - - - - 1.0 10.0 0.6 0.6 0.2 3.8 1.2 - - - - - - - - - 16.4 3.4 1.8 0.4 - - -
Birdwood (McVittie's Hill) - - - 2.8 - - - - 2.6 11.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 3.4 0.4 - - - - - - - - - 15.8 4.0 1.4 0.2 0.2 - -
Bridgewater - - - - - - - 8.0 - 14.4 2.0 - 3.8 2.4 - - - - - - - - - - 28.0





Brownhill Creek (Scotch College) - - - - - - - - 4.0 5.4 1.6 - - 9.8 1.8 - - - - - - - - - 14.6 1.4 3.2 - - - -
Burnside - - - - - - - - 4.0 8.2 1.0 - 0.2 7.4 3.0 - - - - - - - - - 14.8 2.4 2.4 - - - -
Clarendon











7.0
2.2






26.0 3.0



Crafers West - - - 1.4 - - - - 7.6 9.2 3.0 0.4 1.6 11.8 2.6 - - - - - - - - - 22.8 6.0 5.4 - 0.2 - -
Cromer Road - - - 3.4 - - - - 0.4 8.6 1.0 0.6 - 2.2 1.0 - - - - - - - - - 14.2 4.2 1.0 - - 0.2 -
Cudlee Creek (Millbrook Reservoir) - - - 1.0 - - - - 1.6 13.0 1.2 0.6 - 4.8 3.2 0.2 - - 0.2 - - - - - 16.4 10.0 4.2 - -

Cudlee Creek (Odea Road) - - - 2.4 - - - - 2.4 13.0 1.0 - 0.2 6.0 1.2 - - - - - - - - - 17.2 3.8 2.8 - 0.2 - -
Edinburgh RAAF - - - - - - - - - 6.4 1.2 0.2 - 1.0 0.8 - - - - - - - - - 12.0 1.2 0.4 - - - -
Felixstow (Payneham) - - - - - - - - - 5.8 0.2 - 0.2 9.6 1.8 - - - - - - - - - 15.0 1.6 2.2 - - - -
Forreston Alert - - - 1.0 - - - - 1.4 8.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 2.2 1.4 - - - - - - - - - 15.2 3.2 1.4 0.4 0.2 - -
Gawler - - - - - - - - 1.6 2.4 1.2 - - 1.4 0.2 - - - - - - - - - 10.8 3.0 - - - - -
Gould Creek (Hermitage) - - - - - - - - 0.2 8.6 0.4 - - 2.6 0.8 0.2 - - - - - - - - 14.2 2.4 0.4 - - 0.2 -
Greenacres - - - - - - - - 0.2 6.4 0.4 - 0.2 6.6 0.8 - - - - - - - - - 15.2 2.8 - 0.2 - - -
Gumeracha - - 1.4 - - - - - - 13.6 1.0 0.2 - 4.8 - - 2.2 - - - - - - - 21.8 - - - - - -
Hahndorf - - 0.1 1.4 - - - - 5.2 8.7 4.0 0.3 1.4 2.4 1.1 - - - - - - - - - 22.0 8.6 1.1 0.1 0.1 - -
Halbury Road Salisbury (Halbury Road) - - - - - - - - 0.4 6.2 0.2 - - 1.4 0.8 - - - - - - - - - 12.6 1.8 - - - - -
Happy Valley Reservoir - - - - - - - - 9.0 1.8 0.6 - - 6.6 1.4 - - - - - - - - - 18.0 7.2 2.0



Harrogate (Mount Beevor South) - - 0.6 3.0 - - - - 6.0 6.4 0.4 0.2 - 1.6 0.4 - - - - - - - - - 11.2 2.8 - 0.2 0.2 - -
Inglewood - - - 0.8 - 0.2 - - 0.6 11.8 2.2 - 0.2 5.6 2.0 - - - - - - - - - 19.4 5.2 3.2 - - - -
Ironstone Road - - - 1.4 - - - - 0.4 11.6 0.8 0.2 0.2 5.0 1.6 - - - 0.2 - - - - - 22.6 5.8 2.4 0.4 0.2 - -
Kangarilla (Saddlebags) - - - 1.0 - - - - 10.6 4.4 2.0 0.4 0.8 5.8 0.8 0.2 - - - - - - - - 26.4 5.4 2.8 0.4 0.2 - 0.2
Kanmantoo (Millbrae) - - 1.6 4.8 - - - - 9.4 5.0 1.2 0.4 - 1.8 0.2 - - - - - - - - - 8.6 4.6 - 0.4 0.6 - -
Kersbrook - - - 0.6 - - - - 1.2 9.2 0.8 - 0.2 4.2 1.6 - - - - - - - - - 16.6 4.2 4.0 - - - -
Kilburn - - - - - - - - 1.0 6.8 - - 0.2 3.6 0.8 - - - - - - - - - 13.6 2.4 - - - - -
Kuitpo Forest Reserve - - - 1.0 - - - - 12.2 6.0 3.4 0.6 0.6 4.4 0.8 - - - - - - - - - 21.6 4.8 1.2 0.4 1.0 0.2 -
Lenswood - - - 1.6 - - - - 6.8 18.8 1.8 0.6 1.0 6.0 1.0 - - - - - - - - - 24.6 8.0 1.4 0.2 0.2 - -
Lenswood (Stringybark) - - - 1.6 - - - - 2.2 13.0 1.2 0.4 0.6 6.6 1.6 - - - - - - - - - 18.2 3.4 2.0 - - - -
Lobethal (Graeber) - - - 0.6 - - - - 1.4 13.4 1.6 - - 2.0 0.4 - - - - - - - - - 15.8 4.6 1.0 - - - -
Lobethal (Maidment Road) - - - 0.2 - - - - 3.2 12.4 1.6 0.4 0.4 4.6 0.8 - - - - - - - - - 20.2 5.8 0.8 - 0.2 - -
Long Ridge (Greenhill) - - - - - - - - 5.8 5.8 0.8 - 0.2 5.4 2.0 - - - - - - - - - 8.2 2.2 3.0 - - - -
Longwood - - - - - - -























Longwood Alert - - - 2.0 - 0.2 - - 7.6 5.2 2.6 0.6 0.4 5.0 2.6 - - - - - - - - - 25.2 7.8 1.4 0.2 - 0.2 -
McLaren Vale (Pirramimma Winery) - - - - - - - 17.0 0.8 - 1.8 0.8 1.0 - - - - - - - 23.8 5.0 1.8



Meadows - 0.2 0.2 - 1.6 0.2 - - 18.6 7.4 - - 1.0 - 0.6 - - - - - 0.1 - - - 22.6 - 8.2 0.6 0.4

Mitchell Park (Marion) - - - - - - - - 10.2 2.6 0.4 - 0.2 6.6 1.8 - - - - - - - - - 15.8 3.2 2.4 0.2 - - -
Montacute - - - 0.2 - - - - 0.2 11.6 1.0 - 0.4 4.4 3.2 - 0.2 - - - - - - - 14.6 3.4 2.8 - - - -
Morphettville - - - - - - - - 4.8 2.8 0.2 - 0.2 5.2 1.4 - - - - - - - - - 12.8 3.4 3.0 - - - -
Mount Barker - - - 3.6 - - - - 8.4 6.4 2.6 1.2 0.2 4.6 1.4 - - - - - - - - - 17.0 6.0 0.8 0.2 0.5 - -
Mount Bold Reservoir - - - 0.4 - - - - 11.4 4.6 1.8 0.2 - 6.4 1.0 - - - - - - - - - 23.8 8.8 1.8 0.2 0.2

Mount Crawford AWS - - - 1.2 - - - - 1.0 8.4 0.6 0.4 - 3.6 2.0 - - - - - - - - - 15.8 4.6 3.0 - - - -
Mount Lofty - - - 2.0 - - - - 6.2 10.8 2.2 0.4 1.6 9.8 2.2 - - - - - - - - - 18.0 4.8 4.6 - 0.2 - -
Mt Bold (Scott Creek Alert) - - - 0.4 - - - - 9.6 5.2 2.0 0.2 1.0 5.4 1.8 - - - - - - - - - 26.4 4.4 1.8 0.2 0.4 - -
Mt Torrens - - - 3.4 - - - - 1.6 9.4 1.4 1.4 0.2 2.8 0.8 - - - - - - - - - 15.0 3.0 0.6 0.4 0.2 - -
Mylor (Biggs Flat) - - - 0.4 - - - - 8.2 5.4 2.6 0.2 0.2 3.0 1.2 - - - - - - - - - 22.8 6.0 1.4 0.2 - - 0.2
Nairne - - - 6.2 - - - - 11.8 1.6 3.6 3.0 - - 0.8 - - - - - - - 13.8 6.6 0.8 0.6 0.2

Noarlunga - - - - - - - - 9.6 2.6 0.6 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.6 - - - - - - - - - 15.8 4.6 0.4 - - - -
North Adelaide - - - - - - - 7.2 0.6 - 8.0 - - - - - - - - - - - 11.2 0.8




Parafield Airport - - - - - - - - 2.4 6.0 - - - 0.8 1.0 - - - - - - - - - 12.0 4.0 - - - - -
Piccadilly (Woodhouse) - - - 1.2 - - - - 8.2 15.6 4.2 0.4 3.0 - 11.0 - - - - - - - - - 21.0 8.0 3.0 -


Prospect Hill - - 0.2 3.2 - - - - 14.0 5.4 2.0 1.2 3.4 - - - - - - - - - - - 19.8 14.4 1.2 1.4 1.8 - -
Red Creek (Burwood) - - 1.2 4.0 - - - - 13.4 6.4 0.2 0.2 - 1.4 - - - - - - - - - - 6.6 5.0 - - 0.2 - -
Regency Park - - - - - - - - - 4.8 - - - 3.6 0.6 - - - - - - - - - 11.8 2.0 - - - - -
Rosslyn Park (Seaview) - - - - - - - - 3.2 9.4 1.2 0.2 0.2 7.0 2.6 - - - - - - - - - 16.2 2.4 2.0 0.2 - - -
Sellicks Beach


0.6



14.8 4.6


2.0









11.6 11.8 0.4



Uraidla







7.0 19.0


11.8 3.0








24.8 8.8 3.6



Uraidla (Sutton Creek) - - - 0.6 - - - - 4.0 14.0 2.4 0.8 1.8 8.8 2.2 - - - - - - - - - 22.8 6.6 2.4 0.2 - - -
Verdun - - - 1.6 - - - - 5.8 11.4 1.4 0.4 0.2 5.2 1.8 - - - - - - - - - 21.8 8.4 0.6 0.2 - 0.2 -
Williamstown - - - 0.4 - - - 2.4 10.2 0.4 - - 2.0 1.6 - - - - - - - - - 13.6 2.0 0.4



Williamstown (South Para Reservoir) - - - - - - - - 2.4 8.4 - - - 2.0 1.8 - - - - - - - - - 12.4 5.4 0.2



Willunga - - - - 0.6 - - - - 19.2 1.6 2.2 1.0 1.4 0.6 - - - - - - - 17.2 10.8 1.4



Woodside (Inverbrackie) - - - 3.2 - - - - 5.6 9.0 1.6 1.4 - 3.2 1.0 - 0.2 - - - - - - - 13.0 5.8 0.6 - 0.2 - 0.2
Woodside (Wicks Estate) - - - 2.2 - - - - 5.8 11.6 2.0 0.4 - 4.4 1.4 - - - - - - - - - 19.0 9.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 - -
Most values are the precipitation in the 24 hours to 9 am on the day indicated. Days marked with → are part of a longer accumulation, which is shown on the final day.
Values over 100 mm have been rounded to the nearest whole millimetre.
Days marked with - have a rainfall report of zero; days left blank have no rainfall report (which often indicates no rain fell).
Rainfalls coloured
according to the amount
0 1.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 25.0 50.0 100 150 200 300 400 600 millimetres

Notes

The Monthly climate summary, generally published on the first working day of each month, lists the main features of the weather in Greater Adelaide using the most timely and accurate information available on the date of publication; it will generally not be updated. More extensive discussion of significant weather events, along with later information and data that has had greater opportunity for quality control, will be presented in the Monthly Weather Review.

This summary includes data from observing sites in or near the Greater Adelaide “Greater Capital City Statistical Area” (GCCSA). The Australian Bureau of Statistics designed the GCCSAs to “include the population within the urban area of the city, as well as people who regularly socialise, shop or work within the city, and live in small towns and rural areas surrounding the city. It is important to note that GCCSAs do not define the built up edge of the city. They provide a stable definition for these cities and are designed for the output of a range of social and economic survey data.

This statement has been prepared based on information available at 10 am on Tuesday 1 June 2021. Some checks have been made on the data, but it is possible that results will change as new information becomes available.

In some situations, some or all of the rainfall is in the form of hail or snow. In these cases the totals given are for the water equivalent: the depth of liquid water that results from melting any frozen precipitation. There can be significant 'undercatch' of snow in strong winds, meaning the true precipitation can be higher than that reported.

Averages for individual sites are long-term means based on observations from all available years of record, which vary widely from site to site. They are not shown for sites with less than 10 years of record, as they cannot then be calculated reliably.
The median is sometimes more representative than the mean of long-term average rain.

The Rank indicates how rainfall this time compares with the climate record for the site, based on the decile ranking (very low rainfall is in decile 1, low in decile 2 or 3, average in decile 4 to 7, high in decile 8 or 9 and very high is in decile 10).
The Fraction of average shows how much rain has fallen this time as a percentage of the long-term mean.

Where temperature area averages are mentioned, they are derived from the ACORN-SAT dataset.

Further information

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