Greater Melbourne in September 2017: A cool start, mild finish; average rainfall

A series of cold fronts passed over Victoria at the beginning of the month bringing a strong and vigorous southwesterly airstream to Melbourne, resulting in below average temperatures for many locations across Melbourne. The three-day period ending on 23 September brought strong northerly winds across Melbourne and several September maximum temperature records were broken. Rainfall tended near average for the month, with the wettest periods occurring during the first half of the month.

Near average rainfall

  • Below average rainfall to average rainfall was recorded at all but one Melbourne station (Cerberus), which recorded approximately 137% of the average September rainfall
  • Most of the rainfall was associated with cold fronts that passed over Melbourne in the first two weeks of the month

A cool start to the month followed by unseasonal warmth

  • Below average temperatures were recorded during the first two weeks of the month associated with strong southwesterly flow and a series of cold fronts
  • An unseasonal warm spell occurred during the period of 21 through 23 September, resulting in several sites recording their highest September temperature on record

Melbourne (Olympic Park)

  • Total rainfall for Melbourne (Olympic Park) was 39.6 mm
  • The mean daily maximum temperature for Melbourne (Olympic Park) was 17.8 °C. The warmest day was 30.6 °C on the 23rd, and the coolest day was on the 5th when the temperature reached 13.3 °C
  • The mean daily minimum temperature for Melbourne (Olympic Park) was 9.0 °C. The coldest morning was 3.7 °C on the 1st, and the warmest morning was on the 23rd when the minimum temperature was 14.8 °C

Snow to low levels

  • The cold fronts that brought rain to Melbourne, also resulted in snow down to low levels. Snow flurries were reported in the Dandenong Ranges and Macedon

Further information

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Extremes in September 2017
Hottest day 31.3 °C at Laverton RAAF on the 23rd
Warmest days on average 18.1 °C at Laverton RAAF
Coolest days on average 13.3 °C at Ferny Creek
Coldest day 6.5 °C at Ferny Creek on the 5th
Coldest night -2.6 °C at Coldstream on the 1st
Coolest nights on average 5.1 °C at Coldstream
Warmest nights on average 9.0 °C at Melbourne (Olympic Park)
Warmest night 15.7 °C at Laverton RAAF on the 23rd
Warmest on average overall 13.4 °C at Melbourne (Olympic Park)
Coolest on average overall 9.3 °C at Wallan (Kilmore Gap)
Wettest overall 152.8 mm at Warburton (O'Shannassy Reservoir (Quarte
Driest overall 20.8 mm at Laverton RAAF
Wettest day 41.4 mm at Ferny Creek on the 16th
Strongest wind gust 106 km/h at South Channel Island on the 4th

Record highest September temperature
New record
(°C)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
September
Laverton RAAF 31.3 on the 23rd 31.2 on the 12th in 2009 74 17.0
Scoresby Research Institute 30.8 on the 23rd 30.0 on the 26th in 1987 52 16.5
Melbourne Airport 30.2 on the 23rd = 30.2 on the 12th in 2009 48 16.7
Bundoora (Latrobe University) 30.5 on the 23rd 29.2 on the 12th in 2009 35 17.0
Cranbourne Botanic Gardens 30.0 on the 23rd 28.4 on the 19th in 2006 27 16.6
Coldstream 29.7 on the 23rd 28.3 on the 19th in 2006 23 17.2



Summary statistics for September 2017
Maximum temperatures
(°C)
Minimum temperatures
(°C)
Rainfall
(millimetres)
Mean for
September
2017
Diff
from
average
Highest for
September
2017
Mean for
September
2017
Diff
from
average
Lowest for
September
2017
Total for
September
2017
Average
for
September
Rank of
September
2017
Fraction of
September
average
Bundoora (Latrobe University) 17.6 +0.6 30.5 23rd 7.2 -0.1 0.0 1st 43.8 59.4 low 74%
Cerberus 16.5 0.0 24.7 23rd 7.5 -0.1 3.4 20th 92.2 67.5 high 137%
Coldstream 17.0 -0.2 29.7 23rd 5.1 -0.5 -2.6 1st 65.8 70.2 average 94%
Cranbourne Botanic Gardens 17.0 +0.4 30.0 23rd 7.2 -0.6 1.3 1st 110.3 85.8 high 129%
Essendon Airport 17.8 +1.0 29.3 23rd 7.7 +0.9 1.2 1st 33.6 51.4 low 65%
Ferny Creek 13.3   26.8 23rd 5.8   1.5 14th 109.0
Frankston AWS 15.0 -0.6 25.6 23rd 8.9 -0.6 4.8 1st
Laverton RAAF 18.1 +1.1 31.3 23rd 7.3 +0.6 -0.5 1st 20.8 49.0 v low 42%
Melbourne (Olympic Park) 17.8   30.6 23rd 9.0   3.7 1st 39.6
Melbourne Airport 17.7 +1.0 30.2 23rd 7.0 -0.1 1.1 1st 26.0 47.2 low 55%
Moorabbin Airport 17.0 +0.1 29.9 23rd 8.3 +0.2 0.8 1st 38.6 64.6 low 60%
Scoresby Research Institute 17.0 +0.5 30.8 23rd 7.5 -0.1 0.0 1st 77.6 83.1 average 93%
Viewbank 17.6 -0.2 31.0 23rd 7.6 -0.3 0.8 1st 47.2 56.2 average 84%
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 13.4 +0.2 24.2 23rd 5.2 -0.5 1.1 5th 38.2 62.5 low 61%

Daily maximum temperatures for September 2017
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930
Bundoora (Latrobe University)16.517.717.013.912.514.315.013.914.616.117.820.216.514.216.812.817.521.014.918.022.225.030.519.214.816.824.618.818.016.5
Cerberus16.619.315.411.811.213.614.412.413.614.817.117.114.813.715.613.118.221.314.318.322.420.324.718.115.114.122.116.818.115.3
Coldstream16.019.517.013.010.814.013.913.114.315.318.419.415.713.515.213.616.720.114.317.121.624.129.718.613.716.324.117.517.715.8
Cranbourne Botanic Gardens16.521.915.210.513.015.012.814.714.917.115.514.812.914.318.021.014.122.026.130.018.413.915.722.316.418.015.3
Essendon Airport17.016.916.313.713.714.215.214.615.916.117.319.716.315.017.213.517.921.415.118.723.025.329.319.715.316.424.118.719.116.9
Ferny Creek12.416.113.38.96.58.99.99.110.611.216.414.410.910.010.09.613.616.411.013.817.822.426.815.110.014.220.113.413.512.0
Frankston AWS15.819.014.310.510.611.712.511.312.113.316.615.212.612.912.811.815.919.111.816.419.223.425.616.412.413.619.214.515.413.1
Laverton RAAF17.918.417.113.113.715.315.513.515.515.517.620.716.315.417.513.719.022.015.420.324.024.731.320.315.515.224.718.419.116.4
Melbourne (Olympic Park)17.018.417.213.713.315.115.213.514.916.118.119.916.415.316.713.318.122.013.919.223.625.630.619.914.215.124.618.518.415.4
Melbourne Airport16.916.116.013.413.415.415.013.915.315.916.921.016.114.517.113.617.821.614.518.922.825.230.219.415.016.324.318.818.416.5
Moorabbin Airport16.516.612.812.113.215.512.914.314.417.118.315.314.114.614.017.921.513.618.822.624.929.919.114.514.923.716.618.415.3
Scoresby Research Institute15.720.116.912.711.413.714.913.314.015.117.516.615.313.813.913.517.520.513.818.122.124.430.818.714.116.723.617.917.415.7
Viewbank16.819.416.713.712.915.115.313.014.915.918.418.716.114.016.913.317.621.214.018.023.024.731.018.614.216.524.718.518.215.6
Wallan (Kilmore Gap)12.512.412.48.38.611.712.09.311.112.313.216.413.410.311.39.812.817.410.713.717.819.824.214.911.012.819.915.413.613.6
Values are the maximum temperature, usually in the 24 hours from 9 am on the day indicated,
and typically occurred in the afternoon of that day.
Temperatures coloured according to their difference
from the long-term average for the period
-10.0 -9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0 +6.0 +7.0 +8.0 +9.0 +10.0 °C Grey outline marks highest
and lowest for the period

Daily minimum temperatures for September 2017
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930
Bundoora (Latrobe University)0.05.213.08.03.94.25.26.13.62.47.712.810.74.59.56.91.810.08.73.09.39.912.911.110.21.87.08.58.410.2
Cerberus3.76.610.88.24.75.58.76.57.76.05.110.27.85.47.47.47.310.57.53.48.56.412.38.19.67.05.78.68.69.4
Coldstream-2.61.711.77.35.54.35.83.83.44.52.312.36.64.17.86.2-0.92.87.80.54.85.67.67.19.90.16.13.44.29.8
Cranbourne Botanic Gardens1.37.011.97.84.15.36.95.56.85.87.210.89.84.97.76.14.99.07.95.57.811.88.410.04.97.28.58.15.0
Essendon Airport1.29.611.77.35.05.36.06.95.73.77.511.511.94.38.96.32.99.57.74.610.610.415.010.69.72.17.28.39.09.7
Ferny Creek5.88.310.74.31.61.64.52.84.04.16.09.99.31.53.52.92.26.64.93.88.87.614.18.17.02.76.47.55.96.1
Frankston AWS4.89.513.38.65.46.19.27.46.88.48.811.311.56.47.97.06.07.99.16.610.511.414.38.611.08.08.711.111.110.5
Laverton RAAF-0.59.411.67.04.54.45.16.93.12.66.010.59.34.29.17.11.810.77.53.011.911.215.711.99.92.07.77.38.29.8
Melbourne (Olympic Park)3.77.313.48.86.56.77.98.07.15.38.112.213.35.89.67.44.010.59.06.011.612.814.812.910.35.09.610.410.611.0
Melbourne Airport1.19.610.66.24.54.24.66.45.23.07.110.89.24.18.36.01.89.36.94.511.39.914.09.69.32.17.46.97.48.8
Moorabbin Airport0.89.313.48.46.46.68.07.48.04.56.611.511.05.99.37.53.09.98.85.310.810.214.910.310.44.37.67.99.710.4
Scoresby Research Institute0.09.313.18.05.64.77.24.55.53.08.211.110.54.48.56.52.99.28.44.410.88.014.211.59.82.87.46.38.89.5
Viewbank0.85.712.68.15.15.46.86.64.43.87.113.112.64.69.26.21.58.78.53.511.010.613.112.09.82.47.57.99.810.1
Wallan (Kilmore Gap)2.75.78.03.81.11.74.03.43.24.25.26.98.21.65.33.52.65.84.73.96.77.511.97.67.22.96.68.35.36.2
Values are the minimum temperature, usually in the 24 hours to 9 am on the day indicated,
and typically occurred that morning.
Temperatures coloured according to their difference
from the long-term average for the period
-10.0 -9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0 +6.0 +7.0 +8.0 +9.0 +10.0 °C Grey outline marks highest
and lowest for the period

Daily rainfall for September 2017
123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930
Bonbeach (Carrum) - - - 7.0 - 6.5 - 10.0 4.6 - - - 4.0 - - 19.2 - - - - - - - - 4.0 2.2
Bullengarook East - 0.2 - 4.0 2.0 4.8 1.2 5.8 0.2 0.2 - 0.2 3.4 2.0 2.2 4.2 - - 6.2 0.2 - - - 0.2 2.0 4.4 0.2 -

Bundoora (Latrobe University) - - - 3.0 0.4 6.4 3.4 2.8 1.5 - - 0.2 2.4 0.8 0.2 13.6 0.4 - 0.4 - - - - 0.6 3.0 4.6 - - - 0.1
Burnside - 0.2 - 0.9 1.2 5.9 1.0 1.4 1.4 - - 0.8 2.0 0.2 0.2 8.0 0.4 - - - - - - - 4.0 3.0 - - - 0.4
Cerberus - - - 6.2 3.8 11.2 0.6 3.4 12.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 4.0 13.0 0.6 18.0 - - 5.8 - - - - 4.2 3.8 0.2 - 0.4 - 4.0
Coldstream - - 0.2 8.0 1.6 7.0 4.4 5.8 2.6 - 0.2 0.8 4.4 4.6 0.4 19.8 - - 1.0 - - - - - 2.8 1.8 - - - 0.4
Cranbourne Botanic Gardens - - - 5.8 2.0 5.8 3.2 7.4 4.4 0.6 0.4 1.2 3.4 4.6 1.2 27.0 0.4 - 0.4 1.2 - - - 3.9 3.2 2.0 0.2 - - 32.0
Essendon Airport - - - 4.8 0.4 5.4 3.0 1.6 0.2 - - 0.4 2.6 0.4 0.2 9.0 - - 0.2 - - - - - 3.2 2.0 - - 0.2 -
Ferny Creek - - - 6.8 0.6 9.4 4.6 12.2 6.6 1.4 0.2 1.8 6.4 5.2 1.0 41.4 - 0.2 0.6 0.2 - - - 0.8 5.0 0.6 - - - 4.0
Kinglake West (Wallaby Creek)
0.4 0.4 2.6 2.0 2.6 2.8 3.6 0.8 - - 0.2 0.8 9.6 4.2 15.8 1.2 0.2 2.2

-


10.8 - -
1.4
Laverton RAAF - 0.2 0.2 - - 4.4 1.6 1.8 0.4 - 0.2 0.8 1.6 0.4 - 7.2 0.2 - 0.6 - - - - - 0.4 0.4 - - - 0.4
Main Ridge - - - 2.4 12.4 6.2 - 9.4 - 7.4 1.2 - 19.4 - 22.2 - - - - - - 10.5 5.4




Melbourne (Olympic Park) - - - 0.4 0.2 4.8 0.8 3.2 1.2 0.2 - 0.2 2.0 1.4 - 21.4 0.2 - 0.2 - - - - 0.4 1.6 0.4 - - - 1.0
Melbourne Airport 0.2 - 0.2 2.2 0.4 5.6 1.4 3.8 0.4 - 0.2 0.4 1.8 0.6 - 4.2 0.2 - 0.4 - - - - - 2.6 1.0 0.2 - - 0.2
Mitcham 0.2 -
3.0 0.8 8.6 4.2 5.4 1.4 0.2 - 0.6 4.0 2.2 0.4 25.2 - - - 0.2
-

5.2 0.4 0.2 - 0.6
Moorabbin Airport 0.2 - - 3.6 - 7.8 1.6 4.6 3.0 - - 0.8 2.6 1.8 - 7.2 - - 0.2 0.2 - - - 0.4 4.4 0.2 - - - -
Mornington - 2.4 1.2 5.4 1.4 7.2 9.0 0.5 4.1 11.0 - 21.0 2.4 - - - 3.8 2.0 - 1.6 -
Newham (Cobaw) - - - 6.6 6.0 5.2 0.8 4.2 - - - - 0.6 - 2.0 11.4 - - 3.0 - - - - - 2.2




Oakleigh (Metropolitan Golf Club) - - - - - 7.4 2.0 3.4 - - 1.4 1.8 3.4 - 0.4 12.8 - - 0.8 - - - - - 3.2 - 0.4


Preston Reservoir
-
3.4 0.4 5.8 3.2 1.8 0.6 - 0.2
3.6 0.4 0.2 12.0 0.4 - 0.2

-

2.2 5.8 0.2 -

Rosebud (Country Club) 0.4 2.2 2.8 11.4 - 4.2 17.4 0.6 - 0.8 3.0 11.6 0.4 18.6 - - 4.2










Scoresby Research Institute 0.2 - - 4.2 0.6 8.4 3.4 6.8 2.2 0.8 - 0.6 4.0 1.6 0.4 36.6 - - - - - - - 1.0 2.8 - - - 0.2 3.8
Springvale (Sandown) - - - 2.0 - 7.4 1.6 5.8 - - 4.0 1.4 3.6 2.2 - 12.0 - - 1.6 - - - - - 3.4




Springvale Necropolis - - - - - 8.8 - 8.0 4.1 - - - - 15.0 - - - - 4.0




Toorourrong Reservoir (Toorourrong) 0.2 - 0.2 1.2 1.2 2.0 1.6 1.2 0.4 - -
0.8 1.8 1.6 18.8
- 0.8

-


5.4 - - 0.4 0.8
Viewbank - - - 2.4 - 6.2 2.4 4.2 1.0 - - 0.2 2.6 0.4 - 20.0 0.6 - - - - - - - 2.6 4.4 - - - 0.2
Wallan - 0.4 - 1.4 2.4 2.0 0.8 0.8 0.4 - - - - 3.0 3.0 14.2 - - 1.4 - - - - - - 5.4 - - 0.8
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 0.2 - - 0.8 2.6 1.2 0.6 1.6 0.8 0.2 - - 0.6 1.4 0.2 12.8 0.2 - 1.0 - - - - - 0.6 12.6 - - 0.4 0.4
Warburton (O'Shannassy Reservoir (Quarte
- 1.6 16.2 11.2 20.0 5.8 12.4 3.4 - - 6.4 9.8 10.4 9.2 26.4 1.8 - 4.8 1.4
-

3.8 4.8 - 0.2 0.6 2.6
Willowmavin (Avalon Station) 0.2 0.2 - 3.4 7.4 5.2 0.2 2.0 - - 0.2 - 0.4 0.6 - 11.6 - - 3.6 0.2 0.2 - - - - 0.4 - - 0.4 -
Woodend - 0.4 0.2 5.6 7.6 5.6 1.8 2.6 0.4 - 0.3 0.4 2.0 0.8 1.0 17.2 - - 4.2 0.4 - - - 0.4 2.0 1.9 - - - 0.4
Yan Yean
-
1.4 - 4.2 1.4 5.0 0.8 - - 0.4 1.0 4.0 1.4 10.8 0.8 - 0.6

-


9.0 - -

Yarra River @ Warrandyte - 0.2 0.4 5.0 - 8.4 4.0 3.8 1.8 0.2 0.2 1.2 3.0 1.2 0.2 23.8 0.4 - 0.2 - - - - - 2.4 4.8 0.2 - - -
Most values are the precipitation in the 24 hours to 9 am on the day indicated. Days marked with → are part of a longer accumulation, which is shown on the final day.
Values over 100 mm have been rounded to the nearest whole millimetre.
Days marked with - have a rainfall report of zero; days left blank have no rainfall report (which often indicates no rain fell).
Rainfalls coloured
according to the amount
0 1.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 25.0 50.0 100 150 200 300 400 600 millimetres

Notes

The Monthly climate summary, generally published on the first working day of each month, lists the main features of the weather in Greater Melbourne using the most timely and accurate information available on the date of publication; it will generally not be updated. More extensive discussion of significant weather events, along with later information and data that has had greater opportunity for quality control, will be presented in the Monthly Weather Review.

In September 2017 this summary was broadened to include data from observing sites in or near the Greater Melbourne “Greater Capital City Statistical Area” (GCCSA). The Australian Bureau of Statistics designed the GCCSAs to “include the population within the urban area of the city, as well as people who regularly socialise, shop or work within the city, and live in small towns and rural areas surrounding the city. It is important to note that GCCSAs do not define the built up edge of the city. They provide a stable definition for these cities and are designed for the output of a range of social and economic survey data.

This statement has been prepared based on information available at 1 pm on Monday 2 October 2017. Some checks have been made on the data, but it is possible that results will change as new information becomes available.

In some situations, some or all of the rainfall is in the form of hail or snow. In these cases the totals given are for the water equivalent: the depth of liquid water that results from melting any frozen precipitation. There can be significant 'undercatch' of snow in strong winds, meaning the true precipitation can be higher than that reported.

Averages for individual sites are long-term means based on observations from all available years of record, which vary widely from site to site. They are not shown for sites with less than 10 years of record, as they cannot then be calculated reliably.
The median is sometimes more representative than the mean of long-term average rain.

The Rank indicates how rainfall this time compares with the climate record for the site, based on the decile ranking (very low rainfall is in decile 1, low in decile 2 or 3, average in decile 4 to 7, high in decile 8 or 9 and very high is in decile 10).
The Fraction of average shows how much rain has fallen this time as a percentage of the long-term mean.

Where temperature area averages are mentioned, they are derived from the ACORN-SAT dataset.

Further information

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