Greater Melbourne in January 2023: drier than average, warm nights

Rainfall in January 2023 was below average at most sites in Greater Melbourne. Mean maximum temperatures were generally close to average and mean minimum temperatures were mostly warmer than average.

Below average rainfall

  • January rainfall totals were less than average at most reporting sites across Greater Melbourne, with only Essendon Airport and Ferny Creek close to average.
  • Rainfall totals ranged from 25% of average at Laverton RAAF and Melbourne Airport to 103% of average at Ferny Creek.
  • Most of rainfall fell on the 18th, 19th and 25th, when thunderstorms associated with low pressure troughs produced locally heavy falls.
  • The highest daily rainfall total in Greater Melbourne of 35.8 mm was recorded at Ferny Creek in the 24 hours to 9am on the 25th; with 85.0 mm for the month, Ferny Creek was also the wettest place in Greater Melbourne this January.
  • Melbourne (Olympic Park) had 7 rain days during the month and a monthly total of just 20.2 mm, which was its lowest January rainfall total since 2019.

Warm nights

  • Mean minimum temperatures were generally warmer than average, with all sites except Ferny Creek reporting mean minimum temperatures above the 1961-1990 January average.
  • The warmest nights were at Essendon Airport where the mean minimum temperature was 1.9 °C above average for January.
  • Mean maximum temperatures ranged from 0.8 °C below average at Ferny Creek to 1.3 °C above average at Scoresby Research.
  • There were several periods with below average daily maximum temperatures, most notably between the 3rd and 6th, the 18th and 22nd and from the 29th to 31st, when maximum temperatures were up to 8 degrees cooler than average throughout Greater Melbourne.
  • The lowest daytime temperature recorded this January was 13.4 °C at Ferny Creek on the 4th.
  • Melbourne experienced high maximum temperatures on the 14th and 17th when maximum temperatures climbed into the high-30s at most sites.
  • The highest maximum temperature in Greater Melbourne this January was 38.7 °C at Moorabbin Airport on the 14th.

Melbourne (Olympic Park)

  • Total rainfall for Melbourne (Olympic Park) was 20.2 mm, which is 39% of the long-term average of 52.0 mm.
  • The mean daily maximum temperature for Melbourne (Olympic Park) was 26.1 °C.
  • The warmest day was 37.6 °C on the 14th, and the coolest day was on the 4th when the temperature reached 18.7 °C.
  • The mean daily minimum temperature for Melbourne (Olympic Park) was 16.6 °C.
  • The coldest morning was 13.2 °C on the 7th, and the warmest morning was on the 2nd when the minimum temperature was 22.1 °C.

Thunderstorms and flash flooding

  • Severe storms brought heavy rainfall to Melbourne's north-eastern suburbs on the 24th, causing flash flooding and leaving thousands of households without power.

Further information

Media
(03) 9669 4057

Extremes in January 2023
Hottest day 38.7 °C at Moorabbin Airport on the 14th
Warmest days on average 28.0 °C at Coldstream
28.0 °C at Viewbank
Coolest days on average 23.6 °C at Ferny Creek
Coldest day 13.4 °C at Ferny Creek on the 4th
Coldest night 6.5 °C at Coldstream on the 20th
6.5 °C at Coldstream on the 27th
Coolest nights on average 12.6 °C at Coldstream
Warmest nights on average 16.6 °C at Melbourne (Olympic Park)
Warmest night 24.6 °C at Essendon Airport on the 2nd
Warmest on average overall 21.6 °C at Viewbank
Coolest on average overall 18.4 °C at Ferny Creek
Wettest overall 85.0 mm at Ferny Creek
Wettest day 35.8 mm at Ferny Creek on the 25th
Strongest wind gust 87 km/h at Fawkner Beacon on the 17th
87 km/h at St Kilda Harbour - RMYS on the 17th

Summary statistics for January 2023
Maximum temperatures
(°C)
Minimum temperatures
(°C)
Rainfall
(millimetres)
Mean for
January
2023
Diff
from
average
Highest for
January
2023
Mean for
January
2023
Diff
from
average
Lowest for
January
2023
Total for
January
2023
Average
for
January
Rank of
January
2023
Fraction of
January
average
Cerberus 25.6 +1.0 37.1 17th 15.2 +1.2 9.3 27th 16.4 40.4 low 41%
Coldstream 28.0 -0.1 36.1 17th 12.6 +0.5 6.5 20th 13.0 49.4 low 26%
Essendon Airport 27.2 +0.6 38.2 14th 15.7 +1.9 10.9 7th 43.0 43.7 average 98%
Ferny Creek 23.6 -0.8 32.2 17th 13.2 -0.1 8.4 19th 85.0 82.5 average 103%
Frankston (Ballam Park) 26.1   36.1 14th 15.4   11.6 27th 12.2
Laverton RAAF 26.8 +1.0 38.5 17th 15.5 +1.6 10.8 7th 10.2 41.1 low 25%
Melbourne (Olympic Park) 26.1   37.6 14th 16.6   13.2 7th 20.2 52.0 low 39%
Melbourne Airport 26.9 +0.3 37.4 14th 15.0 +1.1 9.6 6th 10.6 42.1 low 25%
Moorabbin Airport 26.7 +0.7 38.7 14th 15.4 +1.0 10.1 27th 15.4 44.8 low 34%
Scoresby Research Institute 27.8 +1.3 37.1 14th 14.6 +1.2 9.5 27th 24.4 53.4 low 46%
Viewbank 28.0 -0.2 38.3 17th 15.1 +0.4 10.6 7th 32.8 45.0 average 73%
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 25.2 -0.1 34.2 14th 13.1 +0.6 7.2 19th 29.0 50.4 average 58%

Daily maximum temperatures for January 2023
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031
Cerberus35.631.120.419.321.923.627.630.227.024.830.323.925.733.020.227.637.118.019.623.423.526.527.326.621.425.834.320.520.722.2
Coldstream34.531.420.219.324.425.429.332.032.027.734.330.430.136.120.431.836.121.019.825.028.727.328.727.431.823.530.433.825.323.525.3
Essendon Airport36.533.122.518.322.626.631.232.628.424.433.026.326.938.220.928.537.819.019.623.025.425.428.228.831.623.427.835.023.621.423.3
Ferny Creek30.927.717.613.418.820.325.127.828.422.730.625.125.532.216.228.832.217.115.620.324.622.824.623.027.318.425.828.821.718.420.7
Frankston (Ballam Park)35.331.720.617.921.924.028.130.226.525.031.226.826.536.120.928.235.718.318.922.625.324.627.026.029.822.027.933.721.921.123.1
Laverton RAAF37.333.921.718.522.024.629.231.027.923.430.225.626.738.520.528.238.519.219.222.524.525.426.629.430.822.626.935.722.822.323.8
Melbourne (Olympic Park)35.932.021.118.721.625.630.231.926.221.629.924.024.237.620.627.037.219.919.321.023.023.428.028.630.021.626.834.223.821.722.2
Melbourne Airport35.132.021.217.921.925.530.231.828.624.033.526.727.037.420.227.737.018.618.922.925.925.228.328.232.423.328.934.923.921.923.6
Moorabbin Airport36.633.721.518.923.225.329.431.525.024.130.524.526.138.721.828.538.018.820.622.324.624.527.228.829.922.727.035.023.521.623.1
Scoresby Research Institute35.632.621.218.324.325.029.633.029.926.334.628.529.637.121.532.036.118.619.724.427.527.729.226.431.924.230.434.024.023.025.1
Viewbank35.832.422.618.025.226.531.533.228.425.535.227.228.037.823.030.438.319.819.923.927.026.829.628.532.324.231.334.923.922.324.5
Wallan (Kilmore Gap)31.928.218.014.620.422.927.030.129.823.432.526.626.434.218.729.433.219.016.121.426.024.526.324.528.921.929.032.123.220.022.4
Values are the maximum temperature, usually in the 24 hours from 9 am on the day indicated,
and typically occurred in the afternoon of that day.
Temperatures coloured according to their difference
from the long-term average for the period
-10.0 -9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0 +6.0 +7.0 +8.0 +9.0 +10.0 °C Grey outline marks highest
and lowest for the period

Daily minimum temperatures for January 2023
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031
Cerberus14.820.215.514.213.714.815.214.415.517.217.317.616.613.415.717.913.714.610.416.613.917.412.614.29.313.218.017.014.9
Coldstream14.019.015.413.213.68.18.47.810.915.911.212.817.519.617.08.314.919.410.96.59.010.412.411.210.816.16.58.117.216.98.5
Essendon Airport16.424.614.614.213.511.910.914.916.316.415.217.918.419.316.614.417.018.612.714.712.417.016.515.616.214.611.613.018.417.315.8
Ferny Creek18.819.411.39.010.49.711.314.420.211.512.016.915.116.013.39.514.517.18.48.811.512.514.015.813.412.49.213.215.812.612.3
Frankston (Ballam Park)17.623.215.313.513.513.813.012.715.815.416.715.016.918.116.912.916.318.112.714.012.816.415.215.714.913.711.615.417.816.714.8
Laverton RAAF16.121.915.414.213.914.610.812.516.516.513.616.316.720.017.515.217.818.812.415.311.916.516.015.315.413.111.314.218.617.615.4
Melbourne (Olympic Park)18.422.115.215.014.113.313.214.918.416.915.918.718.020.218.015.116.319.814.715.513.817.218.217.617.215.913.515.219.517.915.6
Melbourne Airport16.123.814.313.313.09.611.412.618.115.814.316.817.818.816.014.516.618.510.614.412.116.414.815.115.313.010.213.318.017.014.9
Moorabbin Airport17.123.215.614.414.011.211.811.315.115.518.818.517.512.515.818.613.714.412.515.117.715.016.516.210.114.719.017.614.0
Scoresby Research Institute16.421.314.813.813.311.110.010.815.415.813.715.918.119.316.610.815.318.612.19.911.715.816.213.913.615.39.513.718.716.613.2
Viewbank16.623.714.613.912.711.010.612.115.016.113.917.018.719.717.212.415.619.512.213.711.716.117.614.614.814.911.611.918.817.214.2
Wallan (Kilmore Gap)17.920.911.69.69.68.211.416.420.112.313.115.014.515.113.69.813.216.77.28.811.013.313.516.112.910.98.912.815.512.912.2
Values are the minimum temperature, usually in the 24 hours to 9 am on the day indicated,
and typically occurred that morning.
Temperatures coloured according to their difference
from the long-term average for the period
-10.0 -9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0 +6.0 +7.0 +8.0 +9.0 +10.0 °C Grey outline marks highest
and lowest for the period

Daily rainfall for January 2023
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031
Bonbeach (Carrum (Patterson River Countr - 5.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7.0
Burnside - 3.0 1.0 - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - 3.0 - 1.0 - - - - - - 0.5 - -
Cape Schanck - - - - 6.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - 7.6 - - - - - - - - - - 1.6

Cerberus - 2.6 0.6 - 0.8 - - - - - - - - - - - - 8.6 0.8 - - - - - 2.2 - - - 0.4 0.4 -
Cheltenham Kingston Centre - 0.9 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3.0 1.6 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Coldstream - - 0.8 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8.8 1.0 - - - - - 2.4 - - - - - -
Eltham - - - - 1.6 - - - - - - - - - - - - 7.8 6.4 - - - - 0.8 13.2





Essendon Airport - - 0.8 - 1.8 - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - 12.2 3.6 - - - - - 24.0 - - - 0.2 0.2 -
Ferny Creek 0.2 4.4 0.4 - 8.6 0.2 - - - - 0.2 - - 0.4 2.0 1.6 - 10.6 19.2 0.2 - - - - 35.8 0.4 0.4 - 0.2 0.2 -
Frankston (Ballam Park) - 0.2 0.4 - 3.8 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - 7.0 0.6 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Greenvale Reservoir - - 0.8 0.2 1.6 - - - - - - - - - - - - 4.8 1.0 - - - - - 0.6 0.2 - - - - -
Hesket (Straws Lane) - - - - 3.4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 5.8 1.8 - - - - - - - - - 0.2 7.6 -
Kinglake West - - 1.2 - 3.8 - - - - 0.6 - - 0.4 - 0.8 - - 16.4 14.2 - - - - - 0.6 0.4 - - 0.8 13.4
Kinglake West (Wallaby Creek) - - 0.6 0.4 4.0 - - - - - - - 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 - 17.8 18.0 - - - 7.4 - - 0.2 0.2 - 0.4 0.4 -
Lancefield - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2.4 9.0











Laverton RAAF - 4.6 0.6 - 0.4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.8 2.6 - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - -
Melbourne (Olympic Park) - 6.4 0.2 - 1.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - 6.0 4.6 - - - - - 1.8 - - - 0.2 - -
Melbourne Airport - - 0.2 - 2.2 - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - 4.2 3.4 - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - -
Melbourne Botanical Gardens - 6.7 - 0.4 1.4 - - - - - - - - - 0.4 - - 4.8 6.2 - - - - - 1.8 - - - 0.6 - -
Mitcham - 3.0 - - 3.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 7.8 7.0 - - - - - 9.0 - - - - - -
Monbulk (Spring Road) - - 0.8 - 3.8 - - - - - - - - - 0.6 - - 11.6 5.4 - - - - - 13.2





Moorabbin Airport - 5.2 - - 1.6 - - - - -
- - - - - - 6.4 2.0 - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - -
Mornington - 0.4 - 0.6 - - - - - - - - - - - 11.0 - - - - 7.8





Mount Waverley (Riversdale Golf Club) - 4.6 - - 1.8 - - - - - - - - - - - - 10.5 5.2 - - - - - 0.5 - - - - 0.4
Newham (Cobaw) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 19.2 - - - - - - - - - - 1.8
Oakleigh (Metropolitan Golf Club) - - 4.0 - 1.4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3.5 3.5 - - - - - - - - - 2.0
Preston Reservoir - - - - 3.2 0.2 - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.4 - 6.4 5.2 - - - - - 14.0 - - - - - -
Romsey - - 0.8 0.6 2.6 - - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.4 - 15.4 5.0 - - - - - 0.6 - - - 0.2 10.6 -
Rosebud (Country Club) - 0.6 1.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5.4 - - - - - - - - 1.0



Scoresby Research Institute - 2.2 - - 2.8 - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - 9.4 7.2 - - - - - 2.4 - - - - 0.2 -
Springvale (Sandown) - 1.6 - 0.6 2.2 - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - 4.2 7.6 - - - - - 4.6






Springvale Necropolis - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10.0 - - - - - - 10.0





Toorourrong Reservoir (Toorourrong) -
0.2 - 0.6 - - - - - - - - 0.6 0.4 0.6 - 7.6 13.6 0.2 - - 7.8 - - - - - 0.2 0.2 -
Upper Plenty - - - - 1.0 - - - - - - - 0.4 0.2 - 1.0 - 8.6 10.4 - - - - - 3.8 - - - 0.2 7.2
Viewbank - 0.2 - - 2.0 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - 4.8 9.0 - - - - - 16.6 - - - - - -
Wallan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7.0 6.8 - - - - - - - - - - 3.0
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) - - 0.4 - 1.6 - - - - - - - 0.2 0.2 - 0.2 - 12.4 9.6 - - - - - 0.8 0.2 - - - 3.4 -
Warburton (O'Shannassy Reservoir (Quarte




- -
- - - - - -












- -

Willowmavin (Avalon Station) - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 16.2 2.4 - - - - - - - - - - 1.4 -
Woodend - - 0.8 0.2 1.2 - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - 4.8 1.8 - - - - - - - - - 0.5 8.0 0.2
Yan Yean - - - - 1.6 - - - - - - - - - - - - 9.6 8.4 - - - - - 12.4 0.2 - - - - -
Most values are the precipitation in the 24 hours to 9 am on the day indicated. Days marked with → are part of a longer accumulation, which is shown on the final day.
Values over 100 mm have been rounded to the nearest whole millimetre.
Days marked with - have a rainfall report of zero; days left blank have no rainfall report (which often indicates no rain fell).
Rainfalls coloured
according to the amount
0 1.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 25.0 50.0 100 150 200 300 400 600 millimetres

Notes

The Monthly climate summary, generally published on the third working day of each month, lists the main features of the weather in Greater Melbourne using the most timely and accurate information available on the date of publication; it will generally not be updated. More extensive discussion of significant weather events, along with later information and data that has had greater opportunity for quality control, will be presented in the Monthly Weather Review.

This summary includes data from observing sites in or near the Greater Melbourne “Greater Capital City Statistical Area” (GCCSA). The Australian Bureau of Statistics designed the GCCSAs to “include the population within the urban area of the city, as well as people who regularly socialise, shop or work within the city, and live in small towns and rural areas surrounding the city. It is important to note that GCCSAs do not define the built up edge of the city. They provide a stable definition for these cities and are designed for the output of a range of social and economic survey data.

This statement has been prepared based on information available at 12 pm on Wednesday 1 February 2023. Some checks have been made on the data, but it is possible that results will change as new information becomes available.

In some situations, some or all of the rainfall is in the form of hail or snow. In these cases the totals given are for the water equivalent: the depth of liquid water that results from melting any frozen precipitation. There can be significant 'undercatch' of snow in strong winds, meaning the true precipitation can be higher than that reported.

Averages for individual sites are long-term means based on observations from all available years of record, which vary widely from site to site. They are not shown for sites with less than 10 years of record, as they cannot then be calculated reliably.
The median is sometimes more representative than the mean of long-term average rain.

The Rank indicates how rainfall this time compares with the climate record for the site, based on the decile ranking (very low rainfall is in decile 1, low in decile 2 or 3, average in decile 4 to 7, high in decile 8 or 9 and very high is in decile 10).
The Fraction of average shows how much rain has fallen this time as a percentage of the long-term mean.

Where temperature area averages are mentioned, they are derived from the ACORN-SAT dataset.

Further information

Media
(03) 9669 4057

Creative Commons By Attribution logo Unless otherwise noted, all maps, graphs and diagrams in this page are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence

Climate