Greater Melbourne in January 2024

Rainfall

  • January rainfall totals were above to very much above the 1961–1990 average across Greater Melbourne. Rainfall totals ranged from 163% of the monthly average at Laverton RAAF to 361% of the monthly average at Coldstream.
  • Many sites had their highest total January rainfall on record or their highest total January rainfall for at least 20 years.
  • Several sites had their highest January daily rainfall on record on the 8th, as thunderstorms brought widespread rainfall to Greater Melbourne.
  • Willowmavin (Avalon Station) recorded the highest rainfall totals in Greater Melbourne this January, with a total of 221.4 mm. This site also recorded the highest daily rainfall total on the 8th at 136.6 mm.

Temperature

  • Mean maximum temperatures were generally below the 1961–1990 average across Greater Melbourne, ranging from -1.9 °C below average at Wallan (Kilmore Gap) to 0.1 °C above average at Scoresby Research Institute.
  • Daily maximum (daytime) temperatures were generally below average to average across Greater Melbourne for much of January. Cooler daytime temperatures were associated with cooler southerly or south-easterly airflow or low pressure system that crossed Greater Melbourne during the month.
  • Several sites had their lowest January mean daily maximum temperature for at least 20 years.
  • Mean minimum temperatures were below to above the 1961–1990 average across Greater Melbourne, ranging from 0.3 °C below average at Ferny Creek to 1.8 °C above average at Laverton RAAF.

Melbourne (Olympic Park)

  • Total rainfall for Melbourne (Olympic Park) was 108.8 mm, which is 190% of the long-term average of 57.2 mm.
  • The mean daily maximum temperature for Melbourne (Olympic Park) was 25.3 °C, which is 1.6 °C below the long-term average of 26.9 °C.
  • The warmest day was 33.4 °C on the 12th, and the coolest day was on the 22nd when the temperature reached 20.2 °C.
  • The mean daily minimum temperature for Melbourne (Olympic Park) was 16.5 °C, which is 0.1 °C below the long-term average of 16.6 °C.
  • The coldest morning was 12.1 °C on the 27th, and the warmest morning was on the 7th when the minimum temperature was 21.4 °C.

Extremes in January 2024
Hottest day 35.1 °C at Viewbank on the 12th
Warmest days on average 27.2 °C at Viewbank
Coolest days on average 22.8 °C at Ferny Creek
Coldest day 17.0 °C at Ferny Creek on the 19th
Coldest night 7.7 °C at Coldstream on the 27th
Coolest nights on average 12.7 °C at Wallan (Kilmore Gap)
Warmest nights on average 16.5 °C at Melbourne (Olympic Park)
Warmest night 21.8 °C at Essendon Airport on the 7th
Warmest on average overall 21.3 °C at Viewbank
Coolest on average overall 17.9 °C at Ferny Creek
Wettest overall 221.4 mm at Willowmavin (Avalon Station)
Wettest day 136.6 mm at Willowmavin (Avalon Station) on the 8th
Strongest wind gust 85 km/h at Fawkner Beacon on the 18th

Record highest January daily rainfall
New record
(mm)
Old
record
Years of
record
Wallan 95.4 on the 8th 50.4 on the 1st in 1988 45
Tarrawarra Monastery 62.0 on the 8th 46.0 on the 27th in 2022 37
Coldstream 76.2 on the 8th 47.2 on the 27th in 2022 30
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 95.6 on the 8th 60.0 on the 29th in 1995 30
Willowmavin (Avalon Station) 136.6 on the 8th 71.2 on the 14th in 2011 23



Record highest January total rainfall
New record
(mm)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
January
Yan Yean 171.2 141.5 in 1872 167 45.6
Springvale Necropolis 173.0 171.7 in 1963 73 51.7
Moorabbin Airport 149.2 137.0 in 1991 70 46.3
Wallan 176.4 107.8 in 2011 45 50.7
Upper Plenty 144.4 115.6 in 2021 39 54.4
Tarrawarra Monastery 167.4 122.6 in 2021 35 58.1
Coldstream 195.8 134.2 in 2021 30 54.2
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 186.2 140.6 in 1995 30 54.9
Viewbank 110.0 109.6 in 2020 25 47.6
Willowmavin (Avalon Station) 221.4 218.4 in 2011 23 54.3

Highest January total rainfall for at least 20 years
Observed
(mm)
Most recent
higher
Average for
January
Toorourrong Reservoir (Toorourrong) 148.6 183.1 in 1941 55.3
Mitcham 153.8 212.3 in 1963 55.4
Eltham 122.4 229.8 in 1963* 48.4
Mornington 103.2 130.4 in 1993* 44.7
Bonbeach (Carrum (Patterson River Countr 92.0 128.2 in 1993* 46.2
Preston Reservoir 108.2 147.4 in 1994* 48.2
Cheltenham Kingston Centre 130.3 165.0 in 1993* 50.0
Oakleigh (Metropolitan Golf Club) 134.0 143.6 in 1996* 50.0

* note: there are gaps in the historical record at this site, so it is possible a higher value has gone unreported




Lowest January mean daily maximum temperature for at least 20 years
Observed
(°C)
Most recent
lower
Average for
January
Essendon Airport 26.0 24.7 in 2004 26.7
Melbourne Airport 25.9 24.8 in 2004 26.6
Moorabbin Airport 25.2 22.7 in 2004 26.0



Summary statistics for January 2024
Maximum temperatures
(°C)
Minimum temperatures
(°C)
Rainfall
(millimetres)
Mean for
January
2024
Diff
from
average
Highest for
January
2024
Mean for
January
2024
Diff
from
average
Lowest for
January
2024
Total for
January
2024
Average
for
January
Rank of
January
2024
Fraction of
January
average
Cerberus 23.9 -0.8 31.7 16th 14.7 +0.7 10.1 27th 68.0 41.3 high 165%
Coldstream 26.8 -1.3 34.9 12th 13.7 +1.6 7.7 27th 195.8 54.2 highest 361%
Essendon Airport 26.0 -0.7 34.3 12th 15.7 +1.9 10.6 27th 94.0 44.3 v high 212%
Ferny Creek 22.8 -1.6 31.3 12th 13.0 -0.3 7.8 27th 209.4 92.3 v high 227%
Frankston (Ballam Park) 24.8   32.8 12th 15.2   11.9 1st 104.8
Laverton RAAF 25.1 -0.7 32.4 16th 15.7 +1.8 9.6 27th 67.4 41.4 high 163%
Melbourne (Olympic Park) 25.3 -1.6 33.4 12th 16.5 -0.1 12.1 27th 108.8 57.2 high 190%
Melbourne Airport 25.9 -0.7 34.4 12th 14.8 +0.9 9.1 27th 98.6 43.2 v high 228%
Moorabbin Airport 25.2 -0.8 32.1 12th 15.7 +1.3 10.7 23rd 149.2 46.3 highest 322%
Scoresby Research Institute 26.6 +0.1 34.5 12th 14.7 +1.3 9.4 27th 118.6 54.3 v high 218%
Viewbank 27.2 -1.0 35.1 12th 15.3 +0.6 9.7 27th 110.0 47.6 highest 231%
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 23.4 -1.9 31.8 12th 12.7 +0.2 8.4 27th 186.2 54.9 highest 339%

Daily maximum temperatures for January 2024
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031
Cerberus22.826.224.422.927.329.427.919.423.925.022.120.623.027.731.720.220.519.727.920.819.527.027.222.222.022.623.226.322.221.3
Coldstream30.631.428.626.328.731.625.520.627.229.926.734.923.426.629.630.821.221.421.226.922.621.630.232.722.722.924.426.430.929.023.5
Essendon Airport24.928.227.823.328.632.826.320.324.828.524.134.322.023.130.132.021.322.221.327.820.221.031.731.923.924.525.726.329.725.322.7
Ferny Creek25.827.825.321.824.628.222.518.422.825.322.331.318.222.225.427.118.417.617.022.218.617.226.728.421.018.920.521.826.224.119.6
Frankston (Ballam Park)25.326.225.623.628.131.127.320.024.624.423.932.820.423.428.231.222.020.421.327.421.619.828.127.322.322.222.624.227.425.022.0
Laverton RAAF23.324.825.623.327.431.025.820.224.025.823.631.020.822.228.232.422.721.820.129.121.220.729.231.522.524.625.525.028.425.022.7
Melbourne (Olympic Park)23.224.726.921.928.932.627.220.324.227.423.133.421.722.930.231.921.521.620.828.720.520.231.730.223.822.324.726.327.223.321.6
Melbourne Airport25.628.827.823.628.032.125.020.224.529.324.334.421.722.929.231.423.421.620.627.920.720.331.431.522.923.324.725.930.325.822.4
Moorabbin Airport25.127.626.923.028.531.727.019.925.824.925.432.120.924.729.031.620.421.720.128.120.920.430.429.421.622.123.625.625.724.521.7
Scoresby Research Institute28.731.428.424.528.932.426.120.426.529.226.434.529.630.621.521.821.526.922.021.531.030.923.822.324.326.429.227.323.0
Viewbank29.633.130.324.230.433.626.220.526.730.127.235.122.426.031.532.222.322.921.928.422.022.531.831.823.823.525.827.130.626.724.0
Wallan (Kilmore Gap)27.728.526.521.425.928.020.318.023.226.923.431.819.920.927.226.819.619.618.322.118.017.927.129.719.720.121.822.228.025.119.3
Values are the maximum temperature, usually in the 24 hours from 9 am on the day indicated,
and typically occurred in the afternoon of that day.
Temperatures coloured according to their difference
from the long-term average for the period
-10.0 -9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0 +6.0 +7.0 +8.0 +9.0 +10.0 °C Grey outline marks highest
and lowest for the period

Daily minimum temperatures for January 2024
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031
Cerberus12.616.615.916.816.312.320.319.312.912.612.014.216.014.217.615.618.314.213.510.515.115.112.616.814.014.910.114.212.416.512.5
Coldstream9.116.015.217.013.213.820.319.515.515.412.213.214.011.213.616.519.99.712.810.614.513.08.014.315.213.57.710.812.315.412.0
Essendon Airport12.316.717.416.915.616.521.819.014.515.916.816.017.415.516.320.018.212.313.612.914.115.212.216.817.215.510.614.116.017.013.5
Ferny Creek9.313.816.414.113.914.620.217.112.414.711.913.214.111.112.917.817.09.210.611.113.110.09.514.812.712.07.811.613.612.910.6
Frankston (Ballam Park)11.915.216.816.317.315.120.019.015.215.313.014.515.013.117.117.418.514.713.613.316.013.913.115.314.215.513.615.815.215.412.2
Laverton RAAF13.717.417.016.917.415.421.219.416.715.216.515.317.315.716.219.317.812.113.611.914.515.313.617.017.514.49.613.015.217.913.8
Melbourne (Olympic Park)12.616.917.817.815.916.721.419.915.516.917.516.319.116.017.220.619.014.214.714.115.815.712.816.417.416.212.115.516.918.115.6
Melbourne Airport12.314.716.116.215.015.421.618.114.115.316.614.115.814.314.919.317.811.212.912.313.014.310.716.416.214.39.112.413.917.411.9
Moorabbin Airport11.315.616.817.417.515.021.419.814.914.015.017.115.617.018.914.614.013.017.010.715.916.015.912.415.215.917.113.9
Scoresby Research Institute10.516.515.916.813.714.121.319.614.915.713.513.715.519.119.913.013.111.215.413.910.215.015.714.79.411.714.816.412.0
Viewbank11.416.517.517.314.716.321.519.314.615.614.915.718.214.515.919.519.412.613.812.014.414.210.015.916.214.99.713.914.716.013.8
Wallan (Kilmore Gap)10.313.415.313.513.614.419.515.713.113.712.512.114.610.912.814.816.39.19.711.911.810.09.315.413.310.98.410.714.012.810.7
Values are the minimum temperature, usually in the 24 hours to 9 am on the day indicated,
and typically occurred that morning.
Temperatures coloured according to their difference
from the long-term average for the period
-10.0 -9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0 +6.0 +7.0 +8.0 +9.0 +10.0 °C Grey outline marks highest
and lowest for the period

Daily rainfall for January 2024
12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031
Bonbeach (Carrum (Patterson River Countr - - 8.0 8.0 - - - 24.0 35.0 - - - - - - - - 17.0
Burnside - - 19.2 - - - - 30.2 10.0 - - - - - - - 17.0 3.0 - - -









Cape Schanck - - 2.8 - - - - 24.0 - - - - - - - - - - 2.0











Cerberus - - 2.4 3.4 - - - 31.4 14.4 - - - - 0.2 - - 2.0 9.8 1.8 0.2 - - - - - 2.0 0.4 - - - -
Cheltenham Kingston Centre - - 7.0 8.2 - - - 21.0 36.0 0.1 - - - - - 39.0 0.4 - 15.4 0.2 - - - - - 1.4 1.5 0.1 - - -
Coldstream - - 68.6 4.0 - - - 76.2 10.2 - - - - 0.2 - 0.8 2.8 19.0 2.0 1.0 - - - 0.6 - 10.4 - - - - -
Eltham - - 36.2 - - - - 44.0 19.8 - - - 0.4 - - - 6.0 15.0 0.6 - - - - 0.4






Essendon Airport - - 19.6 0.2 - - - 34.2 11.6 - - - - 0.2 - - 12.2 10.8 - - - - - 0.2
5.0 - - - - -
Ferny Creek - - 15.6 1.6 0.2 - 0.2 77.6 46.8 0.4 - - 0.2 1.2 - 6.6 3.2 24.8 11.2 4.0 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.6 - 14.4 - - - - -
Frankston (Ballam Park) - - 6.8 8.4 - - - 48.8 15.0 - - - - 0.8 - - 2.6 11.2 9.2
- - - - - 1.8 0.2 - - - -
Greenvale Reservoir - - 29.2 1.0 0.2 - - 31.8 14.8 0.2 - - - 0.2 - - - 17.2 - - - - - 1.8 - 7.2 - - - - -
Hesket (Straws Lane) -



40.8 0.2 48.4 26.8 - - - - 0.6 - - 13.8 4.4 - - - - - 0.2 2.8 10.6 - - - - 0.2
Kinglake West - - 20.0 5.4 0.6 - - 65.4 37.6 - - - - 0.4 - 1.4 4.0 10.8 0.8 - - 0.4 - 2.6 1.2 15.8




Kinglake West (Wallaby Creek) - - 28.0 4.8 0.4 - - 65.8 52.8 - - - - - 0.2 - - 15.6 0.2 - - - - 1.8 2.0 16.0 - - - - -
Koo Wee Rup - - 6.0 7.0 - - - 35.0 19.6 - - - - 1.0 - -














Lancefield - - 25.8 7.4 - - - 72.0 6.4 - - - - 0.4 - - 11.0 5.2 - - - - - 0.4 1.4 12.2 - - - - -
Laverton RAAF - - 14.4 0.2 - - - 20.0 9.8 - - - - 0.4 - - 14.0 6.8 - - - - - - 0.2 1.6 - - - - -
Macedon Forestry - - 20.8 4.4 - 38.0






















Melbourne (Olympic Park) - - 17.8 1.0 - - - 37.8 25.6 0.2 - - - 0.4 - - 8.2 12.2 0.2 - - - - 0.2 - 5.2 - - - - -
Melbourne Airport - - 26.8 0.6 - - - 34.0 10.6 - - - - 0.2 - - 12.0 9.2 0.2 - - - - 0.2 0.2 4.4 0.2 - - - -
Melbourne Botanical Gardens - - 18.4 0.5 - - - 39.5 27.4 - - - - 0.8 - - 7.0 14.0 - 3.0 - - - 0.6 - 6.4 - - - - -
Mitcham - - 13.8 2.6 - - - 51.2 33.2 - - - - 0.6 - 21.8 - 20.8 1.6 0.8 - - - 0.2 - 7.2 - - - - -
Monbulk (Spring Road) - - 15.0 2.2 - - - 87.8 28.4 - - - - - - 6.0 2.8 16.2 5.0 - - - - 1.4 - 9.4 1.0



Moorabbin Airport - - 10.6 5.2 - - - 47.4 22.8 0.2 - -
0.6 0.2 43.0 4.2 12.6 2.0 0.4 - - -


- - - - -
Mornington - 3.8 5.0 4.6 - 50.8 9.8 - - - 0.7 - - 16.8 7.0 - - - - - - - - - 4.7 - -
Mount Waverley (Riversdale Golf Club) - 11.0 13.6 - - - 25.0 36.0 - - - - 1.0 - 3.6 - 16.8 - - 2.0 - - - - - 6.8




Newham (Cobaw) - - 24.0 4.0 - - - 53.0 8.4 - - - - - - - 17.4 - - - - - - 3.4 1.0 10.8




Oakleigh (Metropolitan Golf Club) - - 10.0 15.0 - - - 24.6 44.0 - - - - 1.0 - 12.0 - 16.4 2.0 - - - - - 9.0





Preston Reservoir - - 20.4 3.2 - - - 35.8 23.0 - - - - 0.4 - - - 19.8 - - - - - 0.4 - 5.2 - - - - -
Romsey - - 36.6 2.4 0.2 - 50.2






















Rosebud (Country Club) - - 3.0 - - - - 32.8 12.2 - - - - - - - 9.8 13.8 3.8 - - - - - - - 3.4



Scoresby Research Institute - - 12.2 2.0 - - - 50.8 25.4 - - - - 0.6 - 0.8 2.2 14.8 2.4 0.2 - - - 0.2 - 7.0 - - - - -
Springvale Necropolis 50.0 10.0 20.0 - - - - 63.0 - - - - - 5.0 - 20.0 2.0 - - 3.0








Tarrawarra Monastery - 0.3 52.0 3.0 - - - 62.0 20.0 - - - - - - - - 18.0 2.0 0.4 - - - - 0.3 9.0 0.2 0.2


Toorourrong Reservoir (Toorourrong) - - 24.2 5.2 - - - 55.4 32.6 - - - - 0.2 - 0.8 - 15.8 - - - - - - - 14.4 - - - - -
Upper Plenty - - 22.0 3.2 0.2 - - 58.0 29.6 - - - - 0.4 - - 5.2 12.2 - - - - - 0.4 0.2 13.0 - - - - -
Viewbank - - 20.6 0.2 - - - 41.0 21.2 - - - - 0.6 - - 6.8 13.6 - - - - - 0.2 - 5.8 - - - - -
Wallan - - 20.8 6.2 - - - 95.4 22.6 - - - - 0.6 - - - 17.2 - - - - - - 0.6 13.0




Wallan (Kilmore Gap) - - 24.4 3.0 0.2 - - 95.6 31.4 - - - 0.2 0.4 - - 6.0 10.4 - - - - - - 1.6 13.0 - - - - -
Willowmavin (Avalon Station) - - 28.4 7.6 - - 0.2 137 12.4 - - - - - - 0.6 12.4 6.6 - - - - - 0.4 3.0 13.2 - - - - -
Woodend - - 32.4 6.0 0.2 - - 47.6 13.2 - - - - 0.8 - 0.4 17.6 3.8 - 0.2 - - - 0.4 2.0 9.6




Yan Yean - - 60.2 2.0 - 0.2 - 57.2 20.6 0.2 - - - 0.2 - - - 15.4 - - - - - 2.6 - 12.6 - - - - -
Most values are the precipitation in the 24 hours to 9 am on the day indicated. Days marked with → are part of a longer accumulation, which is shown on the final day.
Values over 100 mm have been rounded to the nearest whole millimetre.
Days marked with - have a rainfall report of zero; days left blank have no rainfall report (which often indicates no rain fell).
Rainfalls coloured
according to the amount
0 1.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 25.0 50.0 100 150 200 300 400 600 millimetres

Notes

The Monthly climate summary, usually published in the first week of the following month, lists the main features of the weather in Greater Melbourne using the most timely and accurate information available on the date of publication; it will generally not be updated.

This summary includes data from observing sites in or near the Greater Melbourne “Greater Capital City Statistical Area” (GCCSA). The Australian Bureau of Statistics designed the GCCSAs to represent a socio-economic definition of each capital city. This means the greater capital city boundary includes people who regularly socialise, shop or work within the capital city, but live in the small towns and rural areas surrounding the capital city. It does not define the built up edge of the capital city.

This statement has been prepared based on information available at 10 am on Thursday 1 February 2024. Some checks have been made on the data, but it is possible that results will change as new information becomes available.

In some situations, some or all of the rainfall is in the form of hail or snow. In these cases the totals given are for the water equivalent: the depth of liquid water that results from melting any frozen precipitation. There can be significant 'undercatch' of snow in strong winds, meaning the true precipitation can be higher than that reported.

Averages for individual sites are long-term means based on observations from all available years of record, which vary widely from site to site. They are not shown for sites with less than 10 years of record, as they cannot then be calculated reliably.
The median is sometimes more representative than the mean of long-term average rain.

The Rank indicates how rainfall this time compares with the climate record for the site, based on the decile ranking (very low rainfall is in decile 1, low in decile 2 or 3, average in decile 4 to 7, high in decile 8 or 9 and very high is in decile 10).
The Fraction of average shows how much rain has fallen this time as a percentage of the long-term mean.

Where temperature area averages are mentioned, they are derived from the ACORN-SAT dataset.

Information about Australian Indigenous seasonal calendars is available at the Indigenous Weather Knowledge website.


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