Thursday 5 September 2024 - Monthly Climate Summary for Greater Melbourne - Product code IDCKGC16L0

Greater Melbourne in August 2024

Rainfall

  • August rainfall totals for Greater Melbourne were below to very much below average across Greater Melbourne. Some stations in the east had their lowest August rainfall on record.
  • August rainfall totals for Greater Melbourne ranged from 20% of the monthly average at Scoresby Research Institute to 82% of the monthly average at Viewbank.
  • A series of cold fronts brought strong winds and rain to Greater Melbourne later this month, with Fawkner Beacon recording a maximum daily wind gust of 107.0 km/h on the 28th, the second highest in August at this station.

Temperature

Melbourne (Olympic Park)

  • Total rainfall for Melbourne (Olympic Park) was 28.8 mm, which was 62% of the long-term average of 46.2 mm.
  • The mean daily maximum temperature for Melbourne (Olympic Park) was 18.3 °C, which was 3.0 °C above the long-term average of 15.3 °C.
  • The warmest day was 23.5 °C on the 25th, and the coolest day was on the 8th when the temperature reached 14.0 °C.
  • The mean daily minimum temperature for Melbourne (Olympic Park) was 9.4 °C, which was 1.4 °C above the long-term average of 8.0 °C.
  • The coldest morning was 1.1 °C on the 1st, and the warmest morning was on the 28th when the minimum temperature was 14.0 °C.

Extremes Records Summaries Daily observations Important notes the top

Extremes in August 2024
Hottest day 25.0 °C at Laverton RAAF on the 25th
Warmest days on average 18.5 °C at Laverton RAAF
Coolest days on average 13.2 °C at Wallan (Kilmore Gap)
Coldest day 8.5 °C at Wallan (Kilmore Gap) on the 8th
Coldest night -2.2 °C at Coldstream on the 2nd
Coolest nights on average 5.2 °C at Coldstream
Warmest nights on average 9.4 °C at Melbourne (Olympic Park)
Warmest night 14.0 °C at Melbourne (Olympic Park) on the 28th
Warmest on average overall 13.8 °C at Melbourne (Olympic Park)
Coolest on average overall 9.8 °C at Wallan (Kilmore Gap)
Wettest overall 54.8 mm at Ferny Creek
Wettest day 24.0 mm at Newham (Cobaw) on the 21st
Strongest wind gust 107.0 km/h at Fawkner Beacon on the 28th

Extremes Records Summaries Daily observations Important notes the top

Record highest August temperature
New record
(°C)		 Old
record		 Years of
record		 Average for
August
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 18.4 on the 25th 18.1 on 31 Aug 2006 31 10.6


Record highest August mean maximum temperature
New record
(°C)		 Old
record		 Years of
record		 Average for
August
Laverton RAAF 18.5 17.8 in 1982 81 14.9
Scoresby Research Institute 17.8 16.8 in 1982 67 14.3
Melbourne Airport 17.6 17.4 in 1982 55 14.5
Essendon Airport 18.0 16.4 in 2011 55 14.4
Moorabbin Airport 18.0 17.2 in 1982 53 14.9
Cerberus 17.5 16.0 in 2011 33 14.7
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 13.2 12.0 in 2011 31 10.6
Coldstream 17.6 16.2 in 2011 30 14.8
Viewbank 18.1 16.4 in 2011 25 15.1


Record highest August mean minimum temperature
New record
(°C)		 Old
record		 Years of
record		 Average for
August
Laverton RAAF 8.3 7.7 in 2009 81 5.6
Scoresby Research Institute 8.7 8.1 in 1984 66 6.4
Essendon Airport 8.8 7.8 in 2013 55 5.8
Melbourne Airport 7.9 7.4 in 2009 55 5.9
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 6.5 5.7 in 2011 31 4.3


Record highest August mean temperature
New record
(°C)		 Old
record		 Years of
record		 Average for
August
Laverton RAAF 13.4 12.4 in 2009 81 10.3
Scoresby Research Institute 13.4 12.2 in 1982 66 10.3
Melbourne Airport 12.7 11.8 in 1982 55 10.2
Essendon Airport 13.5 12.0 in 2009 55 10.1
Moorabbin Airport 13.2 12.3 in 2009 53 10.9
Cerberus 12.3 11.8 in 2009 33 10.7
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 9.8 8.9 in 2011 31 7.5
Coldstream 11.4 10.7 in 2013 30 9.6
Viewbank 12.8 12.1 in 2009 25 10.7


Extremes Records Summaries Daily observations Important notes the top

Summary statistics for August 2024
Maximum temperatures
(°C)		 Minimum temperatures
(°C)		 Rainfall
(millimetres)
Mean for
August
2024		 Diff
from
average		 Highest for
August
2024		 Mean for
August
2024		 Diff
from
average		 Lowest for
August
2024		 Total for
August
2024		 Average
for
August		 Rank of
August
2024		 Fraction of
August
average
Cerberus 17.5 +2.8 23.4 25th 7.2 +0.5 -1.1 1st 18.4 73.1 lowest 25%
Coldstream 17.6 +2.8 22.8 25th 5.2 +0.8 -2.2 2nd 16.8 70.9 lowest 24%
Essendon Airport 18.0 +3.6 23.2 25th 8.8 +3.0 0.8 1st 18.2 47.7 v low 38%
Ferny Creek 14.1 +3.2 19.5 25th 7.9 +2.5 2.6 1st 54.8 120.7 lowest 45%
Frankston (Ballam Park) 17.3 23.2 25th 8.6 2.3 1st 11.0
Laverton RAAF 18.5 +3.6 25.0 25th 8.3 +2.7 0.3 1st 12.0 44.0 v low 27%
Melbourne (Olympic Park) 18.3 +3.0 23.5 25th 9.4 +1.4 1.1 1st 28.8 46.2 v low 62%
Melbourne Airport 17.6 +3.1 23.1 25th 7.9 +2.0 0.6 1st 21.2 43.7 low 48%
Moorabbin Airport 18.0 +3.1 23.5 25th 8.3 +1.4 -1.2 1st 13.8 63.8 v low 22%
Point Cook RAAF 17.9 24.9 25th 8.0 -0.1 4th 9.4
Scoresby Research Institute 17.8 +3.5 23.3 25th 8.7 +2.3 -0.8 1st 15.6 78.5 lowest 20%
Viewbank 18.1 +3.0 22.6 25th 7.5 +1.2 -0.9 1st 46.2 56.4 average 82%
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 13.2 +2.6 18.4 25th 6.5 +2.2 2.5 2nd 23.4 61.9 v low 38%

Extremes Records Summaries Daily observations Important notes the top

Daily maximum temperatures for August 2024
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Cerberus 13.0 16.5 13.6 14.0 14.7 16.2 17.6 15.5 16.5 17.0 18.1 20.4 20.7 21.7 21.6 16.7 15.5 15.9 16.1 14.8 17.0 17.3 19.6 20.5 23.4 17.0 20.0 16.1 18.4 18.4 17.6
Coldstream 14.8 15.3 14.1 14.1 12.5 15.1 16.5 14.7 16.8 17.8 19.1 20.1 19.6 20.6 21.1 17.1 14.5 16.8 18.9 17.7 18.2 18.5 19.0 21.2 22.8 17.4 19.3 17.5 16.9 19.3 18.1
Essendon Airport 15.2 14.0 15.1 15.4 16.9 17.5 12.9 17.7 17.4 19.7 20.2 19.8 21.4 21.5 16.2 15.6 16.8 17.8 17.1 18.9 18.8 17.9 21.4 23.2 18.4 19.6 18.1 17.1 20.0 17.6
Ferny Creek 12.5 11.9 10.9 11.4 10.4 11.8 13.1 11.4 13.1 13.9 15.4 16.4 15.6 17.7 17.4 13.9 11.1 13.7 15.2 12.9 13.6 14.4 14.9 18.0 19.5 13.8 15.9 14.0 14.0 15.4 12.7
Frankston (Ballam Park) 14.9 15.8 12.4 13.6 14.0 15.7 17.1 15.7 15.8 16.1 18.2 20.1 20.3 22.2 20.9 16.5 15.5 16.3 17.9 15.7 16.4 17.1 18.9 20.2 23.2 16.4 19.8 15.8 18.5 18.0 16.5
Laverton RAAF 12.9 16.4 14.4 15.7 14.3 17.2 18.4 13.7 18.1 17.1 18.7 21.3 21.2 23.6 21.7 18.4 15.5 16.2 18.9 17.3 19.5 19.3 19.5 22.2 25.0 19.0 20.5 18.4 18.1 20.3 19.7
Melbourne (Olympic Park) 16.3 15.7 14.5 15.3 15.8 17.5 17.9 14.0 18.1 17.4 19.8 20.7 20.5 21.9 20.9 16.6 15.0 15.4 18.6 17.9 19.2 18.9 18.9 21.8 23.5 18.6 20.2 18.6 17.6 20.2 18.5
Melbourne Airport 15.4 15.4 13.9 14.4 15.1 16.8 17.2 12.1 16.9 18.1 19.2 19.5 19.8 21.1 21.7 16.8 14.4 15.8 17.1 17.2 18.3 18.6 17.1 21.2 23.1 18.0 19.4 17.9 16.9 19.9 18.4
Moorabbin Airport 15.1 16.5 13.5 14.7 14.0 17.1 17.8 16.4 16.4 16.6 21.5 20.5 22.1 21.6 16.7 14.8 16.8 18.8 17.1 17.0 18.3 19.8 21.3 23.5 17.8 20.3 17.2 18.0 20.0 18.4
Point Cook RAAF 10.7 16.4 13.7 14.0 13.0 17.3 18.7 13.8 17.1 15.8 15.9 21.0 21.2 23.2 20.7 17.6 14.7 15.1 18.5 17.4 19.3 19.2 19.3 22.0 24.9 18.6 20.8 18.4 17.8 20.3 19.7
Scoresby Research Institute 15.4 14.8 14.9 15.7 16.8 14.7 17.4 17.3 19.5 20.4 19.4 21.8 20.8 16.7 15.1 16.8 18.9 16.8 18.2 18.4 18.5 21.0 23.3 17.9 20.4 17.3 18.4 19.5 17.1
Viewbank 16.0 15.8 14.2 15.4 14.8 15.7 16.8 15.0 17.8 18.0 19.8 20.6 20.3 21.5 21.0 16.1 15.1 17.0 18.7 17.4 19.5 19.4 19.1 21.3 22.6 19.2 19.8 18.6 17.7 19.7 18.2
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 10.3 10.6 10.6 11.3 11.0 10.2 11.1 8.5 12.5 14.8 14.8 15.3 15.2 15.8 16.5 10.8 10.1 12.4 12.1 12.7 14.2 14.7 12.4 16.1 18.4 14.3 15.7 14.2 12.6 15.2 13.3
Values are the maximum temperature, usually in the 24 hours from 9 am on the day indicated,
and typically occurred in the afternoon of that day.
Temperatures coloured according to their difference
from the long-term average for the period		 -10.0 -9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0 +6.0 +7.0 +8.0 +9.0 +10.0 °C Grey outline marks highest
and lowest for the period
Daily minimum temperatures for August 2024
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Cerberus -1.1 2.1 4.8 1.4 1.9 0.3 9.5 5.2 9.5 5.6 2.1 3.1 4.4 10.7 10.5 9.8 8.4 11.2 0.5 6.0 9.3 11.1 5.3 12.4 8.6 12.0 12.9 12.2 9.1 11.9 12.4
Coldstream -0.9 -2.2 1.3 -1.3 1.1 -0.7 5.9 1.2 9.5 1.9 -0.7 -0.6 2.0 4.7 5.6 5.6 8.8 7.1 2.0 5.2 10.0 7.3 5.3 13.4 5.8 8.8 10.6 13.0 8.0 11.2 12.3
Essendon Airport 3.0 8.6 1.8 5.7 6.3 7.7 8.6 9.5 5.5 3.7 6.3 9.6 13.5 13.1 12.5 9.1 9.1 5.2 8.4 11.2 10.0 10.5 12.3 11.3 11.6 11.3 12.3 9.9 11.2 11.8
Ferny Creek 2.6 5.3 7.3 3.6 5.9 5.0 6.5 7.8 7.6 7.0 7.2 9.4 10.8 11.4 12.5 12.4 6.9 7.3 6.4 9.6 9.2 6.7 8.0 10.5 11.2 7.4 8.7 8.8 5.0 7.7 8.5
Frankston (Ballam Park) 2.3 4.0 7.5 2.5 5.2 4.5 8.7 8.0 8.0 7.6 4.6 5.9 8.3 10.8 11.1 13.0 8.6 9.8 4.5 8.6 11.3 11.2 7.8 13.1 11.2 11.5 12.1 11.9 9.9 12.2 12.2
Laverton RAAF 0.3 4.2 8.6 0.8 4.5 4.8 7.1 9.2 7.2 5.3 3.2 5.2 10.2 13.0 12.0 13.8 8.9 9.0 4.6 8.7 10.3 9.2 6.5 12.8 10.9 11.6 10.6 12.3 9.5 12.1 11.8
Melbourne (Olympic Park) 1.1 3.1 6.8 3.2 5.2 6.7 8.2 9.6 10.6 7.5 5.9 6.6 9.7 12.4 12.8 12.1 10.3 10.7 6.2 7.8 11.9 11.3 10.8 13.8 12.0 12.8 12.4 14.0 11.1 12.0 13.0
Melbourne Airport 0.6 3.1 8.6 2.3 5.0 6.1 7.0 6.5 7.5 5.2 3.4 4.5 7.1 11.8 12.2 13.0 7.6 9.0 3.9 8.3 9.1 8.8 8.4 11.8 10.8 10.6 8.9 12.4 8.3 10.7 10.9
Moorabbin Airport -1.2 1.4 8.8 1.6 4.7 6.7 8.9 9.3 6.6 3.5 2.8 8.0 10.3 9.4 11.0 10.4 9.1 3.3 8.4 11.2 10.6 7.6 13.8 11.4 12.3 12.1 12.9 10.2 12.1 12.8
Point Cook RAAF 1.3 4.5 8.5 -0.1 4.0 3.8 6.6 9.0 6.5 6.3 2.9 4.0 7.4 12.3 10.4 13.7 7.9 9.8 4.3 8.0 10.2 8.3 6.3 12.8 11.3 11.0 10.9 12.8 9.7 12.5 11.9
Scoresby Research Institute -0.8 1.1 4.3 6.0 9.0 9.5 10.4 5.7 2.5 4.8 9.8 13.2 13.7 12.8 9.8 8.5 3.0 7.0 12.0 9.3 10.0 12.9 11.6 10.7 11.2 12.7 8.9 11.4 12.2
Viewbank -0.9 0.5 4.1 0.1 3.1 3.4 7.0 8.0 9.5 4.7 2.4 3.0 6.1 8.0 8.9 9.8 8.9 10.2 4.4 7.3 11.3 10.7 10.8 13.6 9.8 10.2 11.4 12.6 9.7 11.9 11.9
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 2.8 2.5 4.8 5.4 5.1 3.9 3.6 3.7 4.7 6.9 7.6 6.8 7.9 9.3 8.9 8.5 5.7 6.8 6.0 8.7 8.4 6.7 6.3 7.7 9.2 7.4 7.4 8.4 5.0 6.9 8.1
Values are the minimum temperature, usually in the 24 hours to 9 am on the day indicated,
and typically occurred that morning.
Temperatures coloured according to their difference
from the long-term average for the period		 -10.0 -9.0 -8.0 -7.0 -6.0 -5.0 -4.0 -3.0 -2.0 -1.0 0.0 +1.0 +2.0 +3.0 +4.0 +5.0 +6.0 +7.0 +8.0 +9.0 +10.0 °C Grey outline marks highest
and lowest for the period
Daily rainfall for August 2024
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Bonbeach (Carrum (Patterson River Countr - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2.0 - - - 2.0 - - 3.9 - 3.0 - - - - -
Cape Schanck - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10.8 - - - - - - - 8.2 - 8.8 - - - - -
Cerberus - 0.2 - 0.2 - - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 0.8 - - - 1.8 - - 1.8 - 10.4 - 0.4 2.2 0.2 0.2
Cheltenham Kingston Centre - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - - 1.0 0.4 0.1 - 2.4 - 1.6 1.0 0.4 0.5 1.7 0.1
Coldstream - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2.4 2.4 - 0.2 4.2 0.6 - 3.8 - 2.0 - - 1.0 - -
Eltham - - - - 0.4 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - 4.6 2.6 0.2 0.2 3.2 0.8 - → 3.6 12.6 - 0.4 0.4
Essendon Airport 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.6 1.6 - 3.0 - 8.0 - - 0.6 0.2 -
Ferny Creek 0.2 - - 0.2 - - 0.2 - 0.8 - - - - - - - 5.6 4.8 - 0.4 3.2 7.4 0.2 6.0 - 21.8 1.0 0.2 1.8 1.0 -
Frankston (Ballam Park) - - - 0.4 - - - - 0.6 - - - - 0.2 - - 1.0 - - - 1.8 - - 2.6 - 2.4 - 0.4 1.6 - -
Greenvale Reservoir - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5.4 0.6 - 0.4 1.4 1.0 0.2 1.6 0.8 6.8 - - 0.2 - -
Hesket (Straws Lane) - - - - 0.4 0.2 - - 0.6 - - 0.2 - 0.4 0.2 1.0 10.6 5.0 - 0.4 10.4 3.8 0.2 4.6 0.2 8.4 - 1.0 1.4 0.8 0.4
Kinglake West - - 0.8 - 0.4 0.4 - - - - - - - 0.6 - 0.4 5.2 7.8 - - 4.8 0.4 - 4.8 - 1.6 - 1.0 1.0 0.4 0.8
Kinglake West (Wallaby Creek) 0.2 0.2 0.2 - 0.2 - 0.2 - - 0.2 0.2 - - 0.2 - 3.8 8.6 - 0.2 5.0 0.2 - 4.2 - 1.2 0.2 - 1.6 0.2 1.0
Laverton RAAF 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.2 4.0 - 1.8 - 0.4 0.8 2.0 -
Melbourne (Olympic Park) 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.8 1.2 0.2 0.4 1.2 4.0 - 4.2 - 11.6 - 0.2 0.8 4.0
Melbourne Airport 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3.8 0.6 0.2 - 0.8 2.6 - 1.8 0.2 10.4 - - 0.2 0.4 -
Mitcham 0.2 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3.0 0.6 0.2 0.8 2.4 5.8 - 5.4 - 14.8 0.2 0.4 1.8 0.2 -
Monbulk (Spring Road) - - - - - - - - 3.0 - - - - - - - 6.8 2.8 - 0.6 5.8 - 0.2 5.4 - 18.4 - 1.0 2.0 0.8
Moorabbin Airport - 0.2 - - - - - - 0.4 - - - - - - 1.2 0.2 - 0.4 1.6 0.4 - 4.6 0.2 2.6 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 -
Mornington - 0.6 → → 0.4 - - 0.2 0.4 → → 0.2 - - - - - - → → 4.6 - - - → 11.0 - - - - -
Mount Waverley (Riversdale Golf Club) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2.6 1.2 - 3.0 - - - - - - - - - - -
Newham (Cobaw) - - - - - - - - 1.6 - - - - - - → 11.6 - - - 24.0 1.6 - 6.6 - 6.6 - - 0.8 1.4 0.4
Oakleigh (Metropolitan Golf Club) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2.0 - 0.5 - 2.6 4.6 - 5.5 - 8.0 - 1.2 1.2 2.0 1.0
Point Cook RAAF - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.2 - 0.2 0.4 1.2 - - 3.4 0.2 0.8 - 0.6 1.4 1.0 -
Preston Reservoir - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5.4 0.8 - 0.4 1.2 1.6 - 3.6 - 7.0 - 0.2 0.4 1.2 -
Romsey 0.2 0.2 - 0.2 - 0.2 -
Rosebud (Country Club) - - - 1.2 - - - 0.6 - - - - - - - - 2.8 0.6 - - 2.6 - - 3.2 - 3.4 - 1.4 1.0 1.2
Scoresby Research Institute - - - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - 3.6 1.2 - 0.2 0.8 3.2 0.8 4.2 - 1.2 0.2 - - - -
Springvale Necropolis - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - → → 3.0 - 3.0 2.9 - → → 14.5 - - - - -
Toolangi (Mount St Leonard DPI) - - - - 3.2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11.4 - - - - - -
Toorourrong Reservoir (Toorourrong) - 0.2 - - 0.8 0.2 - - - - - 0.2 - - - - 4.2 3.0 0.2 - 4.8 0.4 - 2.4 - 2.0 - - 0.4 - 0.4
Upper Plenty - - - - 0.8 - - - - - - - - - - 3.8 3.4 2.8 - - 5.4 0.4 - 3.0 - 2.0 - 0.8 0.4 - 0.8
Viewbank 0.2 - - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - - 6.4 1.0 - 0.6 1.4 0.8 - 4.8 - 8.6 - 0.2 0.8 21.2 -
Wallan - 4.0 - - - 0.2 - - - - - - - - - 2.2 4.2 - - - → → → → → 15.4
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 0.4 - - - - 0.2 0.4 0.2 - - - - - - 0.2 1.8 3.0 2.6 0.2 - 7.6 0.4 - 2.8 - 3.0 - - - 0.6 -
Willowmavin (Avalon Station) 0.4 - - 0.2 0.2 - 0.4 - - 0.2 - 0.4 - 0.2 0.2 1.4 3.0 4.8 - 0.2 10.4 0.2 - 5.8 0.2 2.4 - 0.2 0.4 0.8 -
Woodend - 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.6 12.0 5.2 0.2 0.4 11.4 2.4 0.2 6.2 0.4 4.4 0.2 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.4
Yan Yean - 0.2 - - - 0.4 - - - - - - - - - - 4.4 1.4 - - 4.6 0.2 - 0.6 0.2 5.8 - - - - -
Most values are the precipitation in the 24 hours to 9 am on the day indicated. Days marked with → are part of a longer accumulation, which is shown on the final day.
Values over 100 mm have been rounded to the nearest whole millimetre.
Days marked with - have a rainfall report of zero; days left blank have no rainfall report (which often indicates no rain fell).
Rainfalls coloured
according to the amount		 0 1.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 25.0 50.0 100 150 200 300 400 600 millimetres

Extremes Records Summaries Daily observations Important notes the top

Notes

The Monthly climate summary, usually published in the first week of the following month, lists the main features of the weather in Greater Melbourne using the most timely and accurate information available on the date of publication; it will generally not be updated.

This summary includes data from observing sites in or near the Greater Melbourne “Greater Capital City Statistical Area” (GCCSA). The Australian Bureau of Statistics designed the GCCSAs to represent a socio-economic definition of each capital city. This means the greater capital city boundary includes people who regularly socialise, shop or work within the capital city, but live in the small towns and rural areas surrounding the capital city. It does not define the built up edge of the capital city.

This statement has been prepared based on information available on Thursday 5 September 2024. Some checks have been made on the data, but it is possible that results will change as new information becomes available.

In some situations, some or all of the rainfall is in the form of hail or snow. In these cases, the totals given are for the water equivalent: the depth of liquid water that results from melting any frozen precipitation. There can be significant 'undercatch' of snow in strong winds, meaning the true precipitation can be higher than that reported.

Averages for individual sites are long-term means based on observations from all available years of record, which vary widely from site to site. They are not shown for sites with less than 10 years of record, as they cannot then be calculated reliably.
The median is sometimes more representative than the mean of long-term average rain.

The Rank indicates how rainfall this time compares with the climate record for the site, based on the decile ranking (very low rainfall is in decile 1, low in decile 2 or 3, average in decile 4 to 7, high in decile 8 or 9 and very high is in decile 10).
The Fraction of average shows how much rain has fallen this time as a percentage of the long-term mean.

Where temperature area averages are mentioned, they are derived from the ACORN-SAT dataset.

Information about Australian Indigenous seasonal calendars is available at the Indigenous Weather Knowledge website.

Creative Commons By Attribution logo Unless otherwise noted, all maps, graphs and diagrams in this page are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence

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