Thursday, 1 June 2023 - Monthly Climate Summary for Victoria - Product code IDCKGC16R0
Victoria in May 2023
Rainfall
- The Victoria area-averaged rainfall for May was 48.28 mm, which was 27% below the 1961–1990 May average of 66.5 mm.
- May rainfall totals were below average in the large parts of the Mallee and Wimmera, and in areas of the North East and North Central districts, while in parts of the Central and Gippsland districts rainfall totals were above average.
- Several sites in the Greater Melbourne area had their highest total May rainfall for at least 20 years.
Temperature
- The Victoria area-average maximum temperature for May was 0.58 °C below the 1961–1990 average, while the mean minimum temperature was 0.69 °C below average.
- Maximum temperatures were below average for most of central, western and eastern Victoria.
- Minimum temperatures were below average across the state's north, but above average along the west coast of the state.
- Some sites in the East Gippsland district had their lowest mean daily maximum temperature on record.
- Some sites across Victoria had their lowest mean daily minimum temperature on record.
Extremes Maps Records Summaries Important notes the top
| Extremes in May 2023 | |
|---|---|
| Hottest day | 25.5 °C at Mildura Airport on the 14th |
| Warmest days on average | 19.3 °C at Mildura Airport |
| Coolest days on average | 3.0 °C at Mount Hotham |
| Coldest day | -3.2 °C at Mount Hotham on the 7th |
| Coldest night | -6.9 °C at Mount Hotham on the 8th |
| Coolest nights on average | -1.8 °C at Mount Hotham |
| Warmest nights on average | 11.1 °C at Wilsons Promontory Lighthouse |
| Warmest night | 14.3 °C at Cape Nelson Lighthouse on the 31st |
| Warmest on average overall | 13.3 °C at Cape Nelson Lighthouse |
| Coolest on average overall | 0.6 °C at Mount Hotham |
| Wettest overall | 200.6 mm at Mount Baw Baw |
| Wettest day | 54.0 mm at Cape Liptrap (Illawong) on the 26th |
| Strongest wind gust | 137 km/h at Wilsons Promontory Lighthouse on the 21st |
Extremes Maps Records Summaries Important notes the top
| Maps | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Observed | Anomaly | Decile rank | |
| Total rainfall |
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| Mean daily maximum temperatures |
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| Mean daily minimum temperatures |
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Click on a map to show it full size in a pop-up window
| Highest May total rainfall for at least 20 years | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Observed (mm) |
Most recent higher |
Average for May |
|||
| Melbourne Botanical Gardens | 88.4 | 107.6 | in 1981* | 59.8 | |
| Eltham | 91.0 | 109.2 | in 1987* | 65.5 | |
| Viewbank | 88.0 | 144.0 | in 2000 | 55.2 | |
* note: there are gaps in the historical record at this site, so it is possible a higher value has gone unreported
| Record lowest May daily maximum temperature | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
New record (°C) |
Old record |
Years of record |
Average for May |
|||
| Gelantipy | 3.3 | on the 7th | 5.5 | on the 28th in 2000 | 31 | 13.0 |
| Mount Moornapa | 6.5 | on the 7th | 7.0 | on the 30th in 2000 | 30 | 15.0 |
| Combienbar AWS | 5.3 | on the 7th | 5.9 | on the 15th in 2021 | 29 | 14.4 |
| Mount Nowa Nowa | 6.8 | on the 7th | 8.9 | on the 11th in 2011 | 28 | 15.9 |
| Orbost | 11.2 | on the 7th | = 11.2 | on the 26th in 2016 | 23 | 17.8 |
| Record lowest May mean daily maximum temperature | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
New record (°C) |
Old record |
Years of record |
Average for May |
||
| Lake Eildon | 14.2 | 14.3 | in 1970 | 53 | 16.1 |
| Hunters Hill | 9.4 | 9.5 | in 2000 | 29 | 11.8 |
| Eildon Fire Tower | 11.5 | = 11.5 | in 2011 | 26 | 13.2 |
| Lowest May mean daily maximum temperature for at least 20 years | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Observed (°C) |
Most recent lower |
Average for May |
|||
| Wangaratta Aero | 15.3 | 15.0 | in 1987 | 17.4 | |
| Falls Creek | 3.8 | 2.8 | in 1994* | 5.9 | |
| Rutherglen Research | 15.8 | 15.5 | in 2000 | 17.0 | |
| Strathbogie | 12.9 | 12.7 | in 2000 | 14.4 | |
| Yarrawonga | 16.6 | 16.0 | in 2000 | 18.1 | |
* note: there are gaps in the historical record at this site, so it is possible a lower value has gone unreported
| Record lowest May mean daily minimum temperature | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
New record (°C) |
Old record |
Years of record |
Average for May |
||
| Mangalore Airport | 3.9 | 4.1 | in 1964 | 64 | 6.0 |
| Mount Buller | -1.1 | -0.9 | in 2011 | 38 | 1.0 |
| Mount Hotham | -1.8 | -1.7 | in 2004 | 31 | -0.1 |
| Gelantipy | 3.3 | 4.0 | in 2012 | 30 | 4.9 |
| Hunters Hill | 3.6 | 4.0 | in 2011 | 29 | 5.5 |
| Wallan (Kilmore Gap) | 5.7 | = 5.7 | in 2006 | 29 | 6.9 |
| Mount Nowa Nowa | 7.2 | 7.5 | in 2011 | 27 | 8.7 |
| Mount Baw Baw | -0.1 | 0.0 | in 2012 | 25 | 1.5 |
| Lowest May mean daily minimum temperature for at least 20 years | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Observed (°C) |
Most recent lower |
Average for May |
|||
| Mallacoota | 8.5 | 8.0 | in 1994 | 9.3 | |
| Falls Creek | -1.4 | -1.7 | in 1994* | 0.6 | |
* note: there are gaps in the historical record at this site, so it is possible a lower value has gone unreported
| Record lowest May mean temperature | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
New record (°C) |
Old record |
Years of record |
Average for May |
||
| Mangalore Airport | 9.8 | 10.0 | in 1964 | 64 | 11.3 |
| Mount Buller | 1.5 | 1.7 | in 2020 | 38 | 3.5 |
| Mount Hotham | 0.6 | 0.7 | in 2006 | 31 | 2.2 |
| Hunters Hill | 6.4 | 6.9 | in 2000 | 29 | 8.6 |
| Eildon Fire Tower | 8.5 | = 8.5 | in 2011 | 26 | 9.9 |
| Mount Baw Baw | 2.1 | = 2.1 | in 2006 | 25 | 4.0 |
| Lowest May mean temperature for at least 20 years | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Observed (°C) |
Most recent lower |
Average for May |
|||
| Strathbogie | 7.8 | 7.7 | in 1984* | 9.0 | |
| Falls Creek | 1.2 | 0.6 | in 1994* | 3.3 | |
* note: there are gaps in the historical record at this site, so it is possible a lower value has gone unreported
Extremes Maps Records Summaries Important notes the top
| Summary statistics for May 2023 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maximum temperatures (°C) |
Minimum temperatures (°C) |
Rainfall (millimetres) |
||||||||||
| Mean for May 2023 |
Diff from average |
Highest for May 2023 |
Mean for May 2023 |
Diff from average |
Lowest for May 2023 |
Total for May 2023 |
Average for May |
Rank of May 2023 |
Fraction of May average |
|||
| North Mallee (district 76) | ||||||||||||
| Mildura Airport | 19.3 | +0.2 | 25.5 | 14th | 5.8 | -1.6 | 0.2 | 23rd | 12.4 | 25.1 | average | 49% |
| Ouyen (Post Office) | 18.6 | -0.3 | 24.4 | 14th | 5.6 | -1.6 | 0.6 | 7th | 17.0 | 31.3 | average | 54% |
| Walpeup Research | 18.7 | +0.3 | 24.7 | 15th | 6.1 | -1.7 | 0.3 | 8th | 17.8 | 30.3 | average | 59% |
| South Mallee (district 77) | ||||||||||||
| Hopetoun Airport | 18.3 | -0.5 | 24.0 | 15th | 4.1 | -2.0 | -2.2 | 23rd | 14.6 | 25.8 | low | 57% |
| Swan Hill Aerodrome | 18.1 | -0.7 | 23.8 | 14th | 5.3 | -1.1 | 0.5 | 23rd | 12.4 | 25.5 | low | 49% |
| North Wimmera (district 78) | ||||||||||||
| Kellalac (Warracknabeal Airport) | 17.4 | 23.1 | 15th | 5.4 | -0.4 | 22nd | 25.8 | |||||
| Nhill Aerodrome | 16.5 | -1.3 | 23.1 | 15th | 6.1 | -0.7 | 0.0 | 17th | 30.4 | 30.7 | average | 99% |
| South Wimmera (district 79) | ||||||||||||
| Edenhope Airport | 15.5 | -1.2 | 20.0 | 15th | 7.2 | -0.1 | 0.4 | 7th | 42.0 | 46.9 | average | 90% |
| Grampians (Mount William) | 7.0 | -1.4 | 12.8 | 14th | 2.7 | -0.9 | -1.4 | 7th | 154.0 | 132.4 | high | 116% |
| Horsham Aerodrome | 16.5 | -1.1 | 23.3 | 15th | 4.5 | -0.8 | -1.1 | 17th | 26.2 | 34.2 | average | 77% |
| Kanagulk | 15.5 | -1.0 | 20.5 | 15th | 5.8 | -0.6 | -0.7 | 17th | 29.4 | 43.4 | low | 68% |
| Longerenong | 16.8 | -0.3 | 23.3 | 15th | 5.2 | -0.7 | -0.1 | 8th | 14.8 | 42.4 | low | 35% |
| Pyrenees (Ben Nevis) | 9.4 | -1.6 | 14.9 | 15th | 4.4 | -1.0 | -0.1 | 7th | 69.6 | 74.6 | average | 93% |
| Stawell Aerodrome | 15.1 | -1.1 | 20.4 | 15th | 5.5 | -0.9 | 0.2 | 22nd | 16.2 | 41.5 | low | 39% |
| Lower North (district 80) | ||||||||||||
| Charlton | 17.3 | -0.7 | 23.5 | 15th | 4.8 | -1.6 | -0.8 | 22nd | 21.8 | 34.1 | low | 64% |
| Echuca Aerodrome | 17.0 | -0.6 | 21.9 | 15th | 5.0 | -1.6 | -1.8 | 23rd | 23.6 | 40.3 | average | 59% |
| Kerang | 17.5 | -0.6 | 22.8 | 14th | 6.0 | -0.7 | 1.4 | 22nd | 11.8 | 35.5 | low | 33% |
| Kyabram | 16.6 | -0.7 | 22.0 | 14th | 5.2 | -0.9 | -1.2 | 23rd | 24.8 | 41.3 | average | 60% |
| Upper North (district 81) | ||||||||||||
| Bendigo Airport | 15.6 | -1.0 | 20.6 | 15th | 4.5 | -0.8 | -1.1 | 22nd | 28.2 | 46.3 | low | 61% |
| Shepparton Airport | 16.5 | -1.1 | 21.3 | 14th | 4.8 | -0.8 | -1.0 | 23rd | 27.2 | 33.8 | average | 80% |
| Tatura Inst Sustainable Ag | 16.3 | -0.9 | 21.2 | 14th | 4.5 | -1.2 | -1.6 | 23rd | 27.2 | 44.1 | average | 62% |
| Yarrawonga | 16.6 | -1.5 | 20.9 | 14th | 5.2 | -0.9 | 0.1 | 19th | 23.6 | 35.6 | average | 66% |
| Lower Northeast (district 82) | ||||||||||||
| Benalla Airport | 15.4 | -2.0 | 20.2 | 13th | 4.0 | -1.2 | -1.9 | 19th | 56.4 | 46.7 | high | 121% |
| Hunters Hill | 9.4 | -2.4 | 15.3 | 13th | 3.6 | -1.9 | -0.6 | 8th | 101.6 | 100.7 | average | 101% |
| Rutherglen Research | 15.8 | -1.2 | 21.2 | 13th | 2.8 | -1.5 | -4.1 | 19th | 39.6 | 51.4 | average | 77% |
| Strathbogie | 12.9 | -1.5 | 18.0 | 13th | 2.8 | -0.8 | -3.1 | 19th | 80.6 | 94.9 | average | 85% |
| Wangaratta Aero | 15.3 | -2.1 | 20.2 | 13th | 4.0 | -0.3 | -2.7 | 19th | 46.8 | 55.8 | average | 84% |
| Upper Northeast (district 83) | ||||||||||||
| Falls Creek | 3.8 | -2.1 | 10.2 | 10th | -1.4 | -2.0 | -6.4 | 8th | 140.0 | 103.8 | high | 135% |
| Mount Buller | 4.2 | -1.9 | 10.8 | 10th | -1.1 | -2.1 | -5.4 | 8th | 159.8 | 141.9 | average | 113% |
| Mount Hotham | 3.0 | -1.6 | 7.4 | 10th | -1.8 | -1.7 | -6.9 | 8th | 134.0 | 138.2 | average | 97% |
| Omeo | 12.7 | -1.8 | 16.6 | 12th | 1.7 | -1.1 | -4.3 | 22nd | 59.4 | 39.3 | high | 151% |
| East Gippsland (district 84) | ||||||||||||
| Combienbar AWS | 12.6 | -1.8 | 17.0 | 31st | 6.7 | -1.1 | 1.6 | 8th | 97.8 | 68.8 | high | 142% |
| Gabo Island Lighthouse | 16.6 | -0.3 | 20.4 | 15th | 9.0 | 7th | 124.6 | 97.9 | high | 127% | ||
| Gelantipy | 11.6 | -1.4 | 16.1 | 30th | 3.3 | -1.6 | -0.1 | 28th | 74.0 | 48.2 | high | 154% |
| Lakes Entrance (Eastern Beach Road) | 16.9 | -1.0 | 22.0 | 15th | 8.6 | +0.1 | 4.5 | 12th | 64.7 | 43.2 | average | 150% |
| Mallacoota | 16.6 | -1.0 | 21.1 | 15th | 8.5 | -0.8 | 4.0 | 28th | 101.0 | 82.8 | high | 122% |
| Mount Nowa Nowa | 14.5 | -1.4 | 20.0 | 15th | 7.2 | -1.5 | 4.2 | 8th | 82.0 | 60.4 | high | 136% |
| Orbost | 16.6 | -1.2 | 21.1 | 30th | 7.8 | -0.6 | 3.4 | 18th | 71.4 | 58.2 | high | 123% |
| West Gippsland (district 85) | ||||||||||||
| Bairnsdale Airport | 16.5 | -1.1 | 21.2 | 15th | 6.3 | -0.4 | 1.5 | 24th | 43.0 | 44.3 | average | 97% |
| Corner Inlet (Yanakie) | 15.7 | -1.1 | 20.6 | 15th | 8.5 | -0.1 | 1.5 | 17th | 125.4 | 93.1 | high | 135% |
| East Sale | 16.3 | -0.6 | 21.5 | 15th | 6.2 | -0.1 | 1.5 | 24th | 42.8 | 49.6 | average | 86% |
| East Sale Airport | 16.4 | 21.6 | 15th | 6.1 | 1.4 | 17th | 46.2 | |||||
| Morwell (Latrobe Valley Airport) | 15.9 | -1.0 | 21.1 | 15th | 6.3 | -0.1 | -1.0 | 17th | 73.2 | 55.0 | high | 133% |
| Mount Baw Baw | 4.5 | -1.9 | 11.2 | 11th | -0.1 | -1.6 | -3.2 | 17th | 200.6 | 125.8 | high | 159% |
| Mount Moornapa | 13.8 | -1.2 | 19.3 | 15th | 7.0 | -0.9 | 3.7 | 7th | 68.0 | 48.7 | high | 140% |
| Nilma North (Warragul) | 15.3 | 20.4 | 15th | 6.7 | -0.6 | 17th | 92.2 | |||||
| Pound Creek | 16.0 | -1.0 | 20.8 | 15th | 8.2 | +0.2 | 0.7 | 17th | 150.2 | 99.5 | high | 151% |
| Wilsons Promontory Lighthouse | 14.4 | -0.6 | 17.0 | 25th | 11.1 | 0.0 | 8.9 | 7th | 128.8 | 114.7 | average | 112% |
| Yarram Airport | 16.5 | -0.8 | 21.5 | 15th | 6.7 | 0.0 | 0.9 | 18th | 40.2 | 46.9 | average | 86% |
| East Central (district 86) | ||||||||||||
| Cerberus | 16.1 | -0.6 | 21.7 | 15th | 8.6 | +0.2 | 3.3 | 1st | 95.8 | 69.9 | high | 137% |
| Coldstream | 15.5 | -1.2 | 20.2 | 15th | 5.5 | -0.1 | -1.7 | 17th | 89.0 | 68.9 | high | 129% |
| Essendon Airport | 16.0 | -0.4 | 21.4 | 15th | 8.2 | +0.3 | 3.8 | 17th | 60.2 | 48.8 | high | 123% |
| Ferny Creek | 11.7 | -1.2 | 17.4 | 15th | 6.6 | -1.2 | 2.7 | 7th | 156.2 | 129.1 | average | 121% |
| Frankston (Ballam Park) | 15.8 | 21.4 | 15th | 9.1 | 4.4 | 7th | 85.6 | |||||
| Melbourne (Olympic Park) | 16.4 | 22.1 | 15th | 9.0 | 4.7 | 17th | 77.8 | 50.8 | v high | 153% | ||
| Melbourne Airport | 16.1 | -0.6 | 21.4 | 15th | 7.4 | -0.9 | 2.2 | 17th | 42.8 | 40.2 | average | 106% |
| Moorabbin Airport | 16.5 | -0.5 | 22.0 | 15th | 8.9 | +0.2 | 3.1 | 17th | 91.8 | 68.5 | high | 134% |
| Rhyll | 15.8 | -0.5 | 19.6 | 15th | 10.4 | -0.3 | 8.3 | 8th | 98.0 | 74.8 | high | 131% |
| Scoresby Research Institute | 15.9 | -0.5 | 21.1 | 15th | 7.8 | -0.5 | 2.7 | 18th | 101.2 | 86.4 | average | 117% |
| Viewbank | 16.0 | -1.2 | 20.8 | 14th | 7.4 | -0.5 | 1.2 | 17th | 88.0 | 55.2 | v high | 159% |
| West Central (district 87) | ||||||||||||
| Avalon Airport | 16.4 | -0.9 | 22.5 | 15th | 7.7 | +0.1 | 3.3 | 17th | 39.0 | 37.4 | average | 104% |
| Breakwater (Geelong Racecourse) | 16.5 | -0.9 | 22.2 | 15th | 8.6 | +0.1 | 4.3 | 1st | 39.0 | 46.5 | average | 84% |
| Laverton RAAF | 16.5 | -0.4 | 22.0 | 15th | 7.8 | 0.0 | 3.1 | 17th | 47.6 | 45.7 | average | 104% |
| Point Cook RAAF | 16.4 | 22.4 | 15th | 8.0 | 3.8 | 19th | 47.6 | |||||
| She Oaks | 14.5 | -1.1 | 19.8 | 15th | 7.1 | -0.2 | 2.7 | 17th | 36.8 | 38.9 | average | 95% |
| North Central (district 88) | ||||||||||||
| Eildon Fire Tower | 11.5 | -1.7 | 16.9 | 13th | 5.5 | -1.1 | 1.9 | 7th | ||||
| Lake Eildon | 14.2 | -1.9 | 19.4 | 14th | 5.4 | -0.6 | 0.2 | 18th | 93.6 | 78.2 | average | 120% |
| Mangalore Airport | 15.7 | -1.0 | 20.2 | 14th | 3.9 | -2.1 | -2.2 | 22nd | 32.6 | 52.9 | average | 62% |
| Maryborough | 15.2 | -1.0 | 20.5 | 15th | 5.2 | -0.9 | 1.2 | 22nd | 22.6 | 48.8 | low | 46% |
| Puckapunyal Lyon Hill (Defence) | 15.4 | 20.4 | 14th | 5.8 | 0.8 | 19th | 36.4 | |||||
| Puckapunyal West (Defence) | 14.6 | 19.1 | 15th | 6.0 | 2.6 | 24th | 48.0 | |||||
| Redesdale | 15.6 | -0.5 | 19.6 | 15th | 3.4 | -1.7 | -1.4 | 22nd | 37.8 | 55.6 | average | 68% |
| Wallan (Kilmore Gap) | 11.8 | -1.1 | 16.4 | 2nd | 5.7 | -1.2 | 2.1 | 7th | 61.0 | 59.2 | average | 103% |
| Western Plains (district 89) | ||||||||||||
| Ararat Prison | 14.5 | -1.0 | 19.3 | 15th | 5.1 | -0.4 | -1.1 | 17th | 39.0 | 53.9 | low | 72% |
| Ballarat Aerodrome | 12.9 | -0.8 | 18.1 | 15th | 4.6 | -1.1 | 0.3 | 11th | 54.8 | 64.2 | average | 85% |
| Westmere | 14.5 | -1.2 | 20.4 | 15th | 6.6 | +0.2 | 0.4 | 17th | 29.6 | 56.2 | low | 53% |
| West Coast (district 90) | ||||||||||||
| Aireys Inlet | 15.4 | -0.9 | 21.2 | 15th | 9.3 | -0.5 | 5.6 | 7th | 53.4 | 55.8 | average | 96% |
| Cape Nelson Lighthouse | 15.7 | -0.5 | 20.8 | 14th | 11.0 | +0.2 | 6.2 | 13th | 110.6 | 75.2 | high | 147% |
| Cape Otway Lighthouse | 15.0 | -0.6 | 18.8 | 15th | 10.3 | +0.2 | 6.5 | 13th | 108.6 | 91.6 | high | 119% |
| Casterton | 15.2 | -1.0 | 19.7 | 15th | 7.0 | -0.2 | 0.6 | 13th | 55.2 | 67.6 | average | 82% |
| Colac (Mount Gellibrand) | 14.0 | -1.1 | 20.4 | 15th | 7.6 | -0.3 | 2.9 | 7th | 54.6 | 46.7 | average | 117% |
| Dartmoor | 15.6 | -0.7 | 19.4 | 15th | 7.7 | +0.2 | 0.8 | 13th | 76.0 | 85.2 | average | 89% |
| Hamilton Airport | 14.5 | -1.1 | 19.1 | 15th | 6.6 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 17th | 52.8 | 54.5 | average | 97% |
| Mortlake Racecourse | 15.1 | -1.2 | 20.1 | 15th | 6.7 | +0.1 | -0.6 | 17th | 62.8 | 57.6 | average | 109% |
| Port Fairy AWS | 16.2 | -0.6 | 21.1 | 14th | 9.2 | +0.1 | 3.9 | 13th | 87.8 | 70.0 | high | 125% |
| Portland Airport | 15.4 | -0.5 | 19.4 | 14th | 9.1 | +0.7 | 3.8 | 13th | 123.4 | 84.6 | high | 146% |
| Warrnambool Airport NDB | 15.4 | -1.1 | 20.0 | 14th | 7.9 | +0.4 | 0.6 | 13th | 96.0 | 76.6 | high | 125% |
Extremes Maps Records Summaries Important notes the top
Notes
The Monthly climate summary, generally published on the first working day of each month, lists the main features of the weather in Victoria using the most timely and accurate information available on the date of publication; it will generally not be updated. More extensive discussion of significant weather events, along with later information and data that has had greater opportunity for quality control, will be presented in the Monthly Weather Review.
This statement has been prepared based on information available at 1 pm on Thursday 1 June 2023. Some checks have been made on the data, but it is possible that results will change as new information becomes available.
In some situations, some or all of the rainfall is in the form of hail or snow. In these cases the totals given are for the water equivalent: the depth of liquid water that results from melting any frozen precipitation. There can be significant 'undercatch' of snow in strong winds, meaning the true precipitation can be higher than that reported.
Averages for individual sites are long-term means based on observations from
all available years of record, which vary widely from site to site.
They are not shown for sites with less than 10 years of record, as they cannot then be calculated reliably.
The median
is sometimes more representative than the
mean
of long-term average rain.
The Rank indicates how rainfall this time compares with the climate record for the site,
based on the
decile ranking
(very low rainfall is in decile 1, low in decile 2 or 3,
average in decile 4 to 7, high in decile 8 or 9
and very high is in decile 10).
The Fraction of average shows how much rain has fallen this time as a
percentage of the long-term mean.
Where temperature area averages are mentioned, they are derived from the ACORN-SAT dataset.
Unless otherwise noted, all maps, graphs and diagrams in this page are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence
