Monday 2 December 2024 - Seasonal Climate Summary for Remote Islands and Antarctica - Product code IDCKGC2RR0
Remote Islands and Antarctica in spring 2024
Jump to a map of the areas covered in this summary
Australia's Indian Ocean islands
- The spring rainfall total at Christmas Island Aero was 165.8 mm, noting that there were several days of missing observations in October and November, so a final rainfall total for spring may be higher.
- At Christmas Island Aero, the mean maximum and mean minimum temperatures were above average, noting there was several days of missing temperature data in November.
- At Cocos Island Airport, total spring rainfall was below average at 76.0 mm, noting that there were several days of missing observations in October and November, so a final rainfall total may be higher.
- Both, the mean maximum and minimum temperatures at Cocos Island Airport were above average, noting there was several days of missing temperature data in November.
Australia's Pacific Ocean islands
- Spring rainfall at Norfolk Island Aero was 133.8 mm, this was 53% of its November average rainfall of 250.7 mm.
- At Norfolk Island Aero, the mean maximum and mean minimum temperatures were 1.2 °C and 1.3 °C above average, respectively. The site also had its equal highest spring mean maximum temperature on record at 21.6 °C.
- The spring rainfall total at Lord Howe Island Aero was 292.5 mm, however there were several days with missing observations in October and November, so a final rainfall total for spring maybe higher.
- At Lord Howe Island Aero, the mean maximum and minimum temperatures were 1.1 °C and 0.9 °C above average, respectively.
- Lord Howe Island had its highest spring mean maximum temperature on record at 22.0 °C and its highest spring mean minimum temperature on record at 16.8 °C.
- Lord Howe Island had its highest spring mean temperature on record at 19.5 °C. The average for spring is 18.5 °C.
Australia's Antarctic and sub-Antarctic territories
- The strongest wind gust recorded at the Australian Antarctic stations during September was 157 km/h at Davis on the morning of the 24 September
- At Casey and Mawson, both the mean maximum and minimum temperatures were below average, while at Davis the mean maximum temperature was equal to the long-term average and the mean minimum temperature was above average.
- Casey had its lowest spring mean maximum temperature for at least 20 years at -8.1 °C. The average for spring is -6.7 °C.
- Spring precipitation at Macquarie Island was close to average at 222.8 mm, compared to the long-term average for spring at 229.7 mm.
- At Macquarie Island, both the mean maximum and minimum temperatures were 0.5 °C above average.
- The strongest wind gust recorded this spring at Macquarie Island was 120 km/h on the evening of 30 September.
Extremes Records Summaries Important notes the top
Record highest spring mean maximum temperature | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
New record (°C) |
Old record |
Years of record |
Average for Spring |
||
Norfolk Island Aero | 21.6 | =21.6 | in 1988 | 85 | 20.4 |
Lord Howe Island Aero | 22.2 | 22.0 | in 2020 | 35 | 21.1 |
Highest spring mean maximum temperature for at least 20 years | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Observed (°C) |
Most recent higher |
Average for Spring |
|||
Norfolk Island Aero | 21.6 | =21.6 | in 1988 | 20.4 | |
Cocos Island Airport | 29.5 | 29.7 | in 1999 | 28.7 |
note: there may be gaps in the historical record at some sites, so it is possible more recent higher values have gone unreported
Lowest spring mean maximum temperature for at least 20 years | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Observed (°C) |
Most recent higher |
Average for Spring |
|||
Casey | -8.1 | -8.5 | in 1993 | -6.7 |
note: there may be gaps in the historical record at some sites, so it is possible more recent lower values have gone unreported
Record highest spring mean minimum temperature | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
New record (°C) |
Old record |
Years of record |
Average for Spring |
||
Lord Howe Island Aero | 16.8 | 16.6 | in 2017 | 35 | 15.9 |
Christmas Island Aero | 23.6 | 23.5 | in 2015 | 48 | 22.7 |
Highest spring mean minimum temperature for at least 20 years | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Observed (°C) |
Most recent higher |
Average for Spring |
|||
Norfolk Island Aero | 16.3 | 16.6 | in 1988 | 15.0 |
note: there may be gaps in the historical record at some sites, so it is possible more recent higher values have gone unreported
Record highest spring mean temperature | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
New record (°C) |
Old record |
Years of record |
Average for Spring |
||
Lord Howe Island Aero | 19.5 | 19.2 | in 2020 | 35 | 18.5 |
Highest spring mean temperature for at least 20 years | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Observed (°C) |
Most recent higher |
Average for Spring |
|||
Norfolk Island Aero | 19.0 | 19.1 | in 1988 | 17.7 | |
Cocos Island Airport | 27.4 | 27.6 | in 1999 | 26.5 |
note: there may be gaps in the historical record at some sites, so it is possible more recent higher values have gone unreported
Extremes Records Summaries Important notes the top
Summary statistics for spring 2024 | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maximum temperatures (°C) |
Minimum temperatures (°C) |
Rainfall (millimetres) |
||||||||||
Mean for Spring 2024 |
Diff from average |
Highest for Spring 2024 |
Mean for Spring 2024 |
Diff from average |
Lowest for Spring 2024 |
Total for Spring 2024 |
Average for Spring |
Rank of Spring 2024 |
Fraction of Spring average |
|||
Offshore Islands | ||||||||||||
Lord Howe Island Aero | 22.2 | +1.1 | 26.1 | 29 Nov 2024 | 16.8 | +0.9 | 9.7 | 15 Sep 2024 | 292.5 | 325.7 | average | 90% |
Norfolk Island Aero | 21.6 | +1.2 | 24.5 | 14 Nov 2024 | 16.3 | +1.3 | 12.6 | 16 Sep 2024 | 133.8 | 250.7 | v low | 53% |
Christmas Island Aero | 27.6 | +0.7 | 28.9 | 03 Nov 2024 | 23.7 | +1.0 | 19.9 | 22 Sep 2024 | 165.8 | 299.3 | average | 55% |
Cocos Island Airport | 29.5 | +0.8 | 31.4 | 29 Nov 2024 | 25.4 | +1.1 | 22.1 | 06 Sep 2024 | 76.0 | 268.7 | low | 28% |
Antarctica and Macquarie Island | ||||||||||||
Casey | -8.1 | -1.4 | 1.4 | 29 Nov 2024 | -15.2 | -1.5 | -30.7 | 11 Sep 2024 | 35.4 | 44.9 | average | 79% |
Davis | -7.8 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 22 Nov 2024 | -13.7 | +0.4 | -27.3 | 21 Sep 2024 | 4.0 | 11.3 | lowest | 36% |
Macquarie Island | 6.5 | +0.5 | 9.2 | 17 Nov 2024 | 2.6 | +0.5 | -3.2 | 17 Sep 2024 | 222.8 | 229.7 | average | 97% |
Mawson | -9.2 | -0.4 | 0.2 | 29 Nov 2024 | -15.5 | -0.4 | -26.7 | 15 Sep 2024 |
Extremes Records Summaries Important notes the top

Notes
The Monthly climate summary, usually published in the first week of the following month, lists the main features of the weather in Remote Islands and Antarctica using the most timely and accurate information available on the date of publication; it will generally not be updated.
This statement has been prepared based on information available on Monday 2 December 2024. Some checks have been made on the data, but it is possible that results will change as new information becomes available.
In some situations, some or all of the rainfall is in the form of hail or snow. In these cases, the totals given are for the water equivalent: the depth of liquid water that results from melting any frozen precipitation. There can be significant 'undercatch' of snow in strong winds, meaning the true precipitation can be higher than that reported.
Averages for individual sites are long-term means based on observations from
all available years of record, which vary widely from site to site.
They are not shown for sites with less than 10 years of record, as they cannot then be calculated reliably.
The median
is sometimes more representative than the
mean
of long-term average rain.
The Rank indicates how rainfall this time compares with the climate record for the site,
based on the
decile ranking
(very low rainfall is in decile 1, low in decile 2 or 3,
average in decile 4 to 7, high in decile 8 or 9
and very high is in decile 10).
The Fraction of average shows how much rain has fallen this time as a
percentage of the long-term mean.
Where temperature area averages are mentioned, they are derived from the ACORN-SAT dataset.
Information about Australian Indigenous seasonal calendars is available at the Indigenous Weather Knowledge website.
Unless otherwise noted, all maps, graphs and diagrams in this page are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence