Friday 12 September 2025 - Seasonal Climate Summary for Remote Islands and Antarctica - Product code IDCKGC2RR0
Remote Islands and Antarctica in winter 2025
Jump to a map of the areas covered in this summary
Australia's Indian Ocean islands
- Winter rainfall at Christmas Island Aero was 189.2 mm, this was 64 % of the winter average rainfall of 293.6 mm.
- At Christmas Island Aero, the winter mean maximum and mean minimum temperatures were 0.4 °C and 0.6 °C warmer than average, respectively.
- Winter was wetter than average at Cocos Island Airport, with a rainfall total of 888.8 mm compared to the winter average of 545.5 mm.
- Both the mean maximum and mean minimum temperatures were above average at Cocos Island Airport in winter at 0.6 °C and 0.5 °C, respectively.
- Cocos Island Airport had its equal hottest winter day (highest daily maximum temperature) on record at 32.0 °C on 1 June.
Australia's Pacific Ocean islands
- Winter rainfall at Norfolk Island was 602.0 mm this was 149 % above the winter average rainfall of 404.4 mm.
- At Norfolk Island Aero, the mean maximum temperature was 1.1 °C above average and the station also had its equal highest winter mean maximum temperature on record of 19.8 °C.
- The winter mean minimum temperature at Norfolk Island Aero was the warmest on record at 15.4 °C, this was 1.5 °C above the average.
- It was the warmest winter mean temperature on record for Norfolk Island and the warmest since 1998, the station had a mean temperature of 17.6 °C.
- Lord Howe Island Aero was wetter than average this winter, with a rainfall total of 619.8 mm. The average winter rainfall is 418.1 mm.
- At Lord Howe Island Aero, the mean maximum temperature was 0.4 °C above average and the mean minimum temperature was 0.5 °C above average.
Australia's Antarctic and sub-Antarctic territories
- At the Australian Antarctic stations the strongest wind gust recorded during winter was 207 km/h at Casey on the evening of 11 August.
- The mean maximum and mean minimum temperatures for winter were below average for Davis and Mawson, but above average for Casey.
- Winter precipitation at Macquarie Island was above average, the station recorded 302.5 mm of rainfall, compared to the average for winter at 234.0 mm.
- At Macquarie Island, both the mean maximum and mean minimum temperatures were 0.9 and 1.2 °C above average, respectively.
- The strongest wind gust recorded this winter at Macquarie Island was 117 km/h on 1 August.
Extremes Records Summaries Important notes the top
| Record highest winter total rainfall | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New record (mm) |
Old record |
Years of record |
Average for Winter |
||
| Lord Howe Island (Milky Way) | 672.4 | 589.6 | in 2011 | 24 | 391.5 |
| Record highest winter temperature | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New record (°C) |
Old record |
Years of record |
Average for Winter |
|||
| Cocos Island Airport | 32.0 | on 1 June | =32.0 | on 04 Jun 2024 | 74 | 28.3 |
| Record highest winter mean maximum temperature | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New record (°C) |
Old record |
Years of record |
Average for Winter |
||
| Norfolk Island Aero | 19.8 | =19.8 | in 1998 | 85 | 18.7 |
| Record highest winter mean minimum temperature | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New record (°C) |
Old record |
Years of record |
Average for Winter |
||
| Norfolk Island Aero | 15.4 | 15.3 | in 1998 | 85 | 13.9 |
| Record highest winter mean temperature | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New record (°C) |
Old record |
Years of record |
Average for Winter |
||
| Norfolk Island Aero | 17.6 | 17.5 | in 1998 | 85 | 16.3 |
Extremes Records Summaries Important notes the top
| Summary statistics for winter 2025 | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maximum temperatures (°C) |
Minimum temperatures (°C) |
Rainfall (millimetres) |
||||||||||
| Mean for Winter 2025 |
Diff from average |
Highest for Winter 2025 |
Mean for Winter 2025 |
Diff from average |
Lowest for Winter 2025 |
Total for Winter 2025 |
Average for Winter |
Rank of Winter 2025 |
Fraction of Winter average |
|||
| Offshore Islands | ||||||||||||
| Lord Howe Island Aero | 19.8 | +0.4 | 22.5 | 8 Jun 2025 | 14.6 | +0.5 | 7.8 | 26 Jul 2025 | 619.8 | 418.1 | high | 148% |
| Norfolk Island Aero | 19.8 | +1.1 | 22.3 | 4 Jul 2025 | 15.4 | +1.5 | 11.6 | 11 Aug 2025 | 602.0 | 404.4 | high | 149% |
| Christmas Island Aero | 26.9 | +0.4 | 28.6 | 6 Jun 2025 | 23.3 | +0.6 | 21.3 | 29 Aug 2025 | 189.2 | 293.6 | average | 64% |
| Cocos Island Airport | 28.9 | +0.6 | 32.0 | 1 Jun 2025 | 24.7 | +0.5 | 22.3 | 30 Aug 2025 | 888.8 | 545.5 | high | 163% |
| Antarctica and Macquarie Island | ||||||||||||
| Casey | -10.0 | +0.7 | -0.8 | 17 Jul 2025 | -17.8 | +0.9 | -32.4 | 5 Jul 2025 | 47.8 | 72.3 | low | 66% |
| Davis | -14.4 | -0.8 | -3.0 | 17 Jun 2025 | -21.2 | -1.1 | -33.7 | 11 Jul 2025 | 4.8 | 24.3 | v low | 20% |
| Macquarie Island | 6.0 | +0.9 | 8.4 | 24 Jun 2025 | 2.8 | +1.2 | -4.1 | 31 Aug 2025 | 302.5 | 234.0 | high | 129% |
| Mawson | -14.9 | -0.4 | -4.4 | 7 Aug 2025 | -21.5 | -0.9 | -30.7 | 9 Jul 2025 | ||||
Extremes Records Summaries Important notes the top
Notes
The Seasonal climate summary, usually published in the first week of the following month, lists the main features of the weather in Remote Islands and Antarctica using the most timely and accurate information available on the date of publication; it will generally not be updated.
This statement has been prepared based on information available on Friday 12 September 2025. Some checks have been made on the data, but it is possible that results will change as new information becomes available.
In some situations, some or all of the rainfall is in the form of hail or snow. In these cases, the totals given are for the water equivalent: the depth of liquid water that results from melting any frozen precipitation. There can be significant 'undercatch' of snow in strong winds, meaning the true precipitation can be higher than that reported.
Averages for individual sites are long-term means based on observations from
all available years of record, excluding the current year. The length of record can
vary widely from site to site. Averages are not shown for sites with fewer than
10 years of record, as they cannot then be calculated reliably.
The median
is sometimes more representative than the
mean
of long-term average rain.
The Rank indicates how rainfall this time compares with the climate record for the site,
based on the
decile ranking
(very low rainfall is in decile 1, low in decile 2 or 3,
average in decile 4 to 7, high in decile 8 or 9
and very high is in decile 10).
The Fraction of average shows how much rain has fallen this time as a
percentage of the long-term mean.
Where temperature area averages are mentioned, they are derived from the ACORN-SAT dataset.
Information about Australian Indigenous seasonal calendars is available at the Indigenous Weather Knowledge website.
Unless otherwise noted, all maps, graphs and diagrams in this page are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence
