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Victoria in summer 2019-20: warm days and nights; wet in the southeast

Daytime and night-time temperatures for summer were above average across much of Victoria. Rainfall was below average in parts of the north and the far east, but above average in the southeast of the State.

Wet in the southeast

  • Statewide, rainfall was 5 per cent below the long-term mean of 120 mm
  • January and February were wetter than average, but December was very dry (the fifth-driest December on record), contributing to drier than average summer for the State
  • Rainfall was above average in the southeast of Victoria, while it was below average in several areas in the north and the far east of the State; elsewhere, rainfall was close to average
  • Stratford, in central Gippsland, had its highest summer daily rainfall on record on 21 January, doubling its previous record set in 1970
  • Stratford and Mount Moornapa had their highest total summer rainfall on record
  • The wettest place in Victoria this summer was Mounth Useful, east of Melbourne, recording 472.6 mm; in contrast, Mildura Airport recorded just 16.4 mm

Cool end to the season

  • Daytime temperatures were above average across most of Victoria, but closer to average in the southern parts of the State
  • The mean maximum temperature for Victoria over summer 2019-2020 was 1.04 °C above average
  • Daytime temperatures in December were very much above average for most of Victoria; statewide, it was the second-warmest December on record, 3.13  °C warmer than the long-term average for the month
  • Daytime temperatures were also warmer than average in January (monthly anomaly of +1.16 °C); in contrast, in February, historically the warmest month of the year for Victoria, daytime temperatures were cooler than average (an anomaly of −1.15 °C)
  • The highest temperature this summer in Victoria was 47.9 °C, recorded at Hopetoun Airport and Horsham Aerodrome on 20 December
  • Many sites had their highest summer temperature on record
  • Night-time temperatures were above average across most of the State, away from the northwest
  • Victorian night-time temperatures during summer were 1.10 °C above average, with all months being warmer than average overall
  • Some Victorian stations had their warmest summer night on record on 1 February

Fires, smoke and flash flooding

  • Significant new fires commenced in East Gippsland during December
  • Widespread areas of smoke from fires burning in southern New South Wales and East Gippsland, extended across eastern and southern Victoria on 23 December and again on 13 January, persisting over several days
  • Severe thunderstorms developed in the afternoon on 15 and 19 January, bringing heavy rainfall, flash flooding and damaging winds to central Victoria and parts of Melbourne
  • Wide-spread rainfall on 20 and 22 January helped reduce the number of uncontained bushfires in the State's east
  • On 23 January, strong northerly winds brought dust from northwest Victoria to the southern parts of the State; it came down with rain, coating surfaces with a layer of dust, and colouring the Yarra River brown
  • Powerful storms swept through eastern Melbourne and parts of Gippsland on 14 February and again on 18 February, leading to flash flooding and fallen trees

Further information

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Extremes in summer 2019-20
Hottest day 47.9 °C at Hopetoun Airport on 20 Dec 2019
47.9 °C at Horsham Aerodrome on 20 Dec 2019
Warmest days on average 33.0 °C at Mildura Airport
Coolest days on average 17.4 °C at Mount Buller
Coldest day -0.7 °C at Mount Hotham on 2 Dec 2019
Coldest night -3.4 °C at Mount Hotham on 4 Feb 2020
Coolest nights on average 8.8 °C at Mount Buller
Warmest nights on average 16.7 °C at Mildura Airport
Warmest night 30.4 °C at Ouyen (Post Office) on 31 Jan 2020
Warmest on average overall 24.9 °C at Mildura Airport
Coolest on average overall 13.1 °C at Mount Buller
Wettest overall 472.6 mm at Mount Useful
Wettest day 151.6 mm at Stratford on 21 Jan 2020
Strongest wind gust 146 km/h at Fawkner Beacon on 31 Jan 2020

Maps
ObservedAnomalyDecile rank
Total
rainfall
Map of Rainfall totals Map of Percentage of normal rainfall Map of Rainfall deciles
Mean
daily
maximum
temperatures
Map of Mean maximum temperature Map of Anomaly in mean maximum temperature Map of Decile rank of mean maximum temperature
Mean
daily
minimum
temperatures
Map of Mean minimum temperature Map of Anomaly in mean minimum temperature Map of Decile rank of mean minimum temperature

Click on a map to show it full size in a pop-up window


Record highest summer daily rainfall
New record
(mm)
Old
record
Years of
record
Stratford 151.6 on 21 Jan 2020 75.7 on 10 Dec 1970 52



Record highest summer total rainfall
New record
(mm)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
summer
Stratford 331.0 328.5 in 1970 46 161.6
Mount Moornapa 398.6 380.2 in 1998 25 201.9



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Record highest summer temperature
New record
(°C)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
summer
Cape Otway Lighthouse 43.4 on 20 Dec 2019 43.3 on 24 Jan 1982 156 21.0
Ouyen (Post Office) 47.3 on 20 Dec 2019 46.8 on 7 Feb 2009 64 31.5
Strathbogie 42.0 on 31 Jan 2020 = 42.0 on 7 Feb 2009 43 26.6
Portland (Cashmore Airport) 43.6 on 20 Dec 2019 43.1 on 16 Feb 1983 38 21.7
Hamilton Airport 45.0 on 20 Dec 2019 44.5 on 7 Feb 2009 37 25.9
Mount Hotham 28.2 on 4 Jan 2020 28.1 on 16 Jan 2019 29 15.5
Port Fairy AWS 45.2 on 20 Dec 2019 44.3 on 11 Jan 2010 29 22.3
Gelantipy 39.2 on 31 Jan 2020 = 39.2 on 7 Feb 2009 28 22.9
Hunters Hill 38.8 on 4 Jan 2020 38.3 on 16 Jan 2019 27 24.8
Yarrawonga 46.0 on 31 Jan 2020 = 46.0 on 7 Feb 2009 27 31.6
Cape Nelson Lighthouse 45.1 on 20 Dec 2019 42.4 on 11 Jan 2010 25 20.9
Horsham Aerodrome 47.9 on 20 Dec 2019 47.4 on 7 Feb 2009 23 30.1



Record lowest summer daily maximum temperature
New record
(°C)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
summer
Strathbogie 9.7 on 1 Dec 2019 10.5 on 3 Feb 2005 43 26.6
Mount Hotham -0.7 on 2 Dec 2019 -0.2 on 3 Feb 2005 29 15.5
Eildon Fire Tower 8.9 on 1 Dec 2019 9.2 on 3 Feb 2005 24 26.1



Record highest summer daily minimum temperature
New record
(°C)
Old
record
Years of
record
Average for
summer
East Sale 23.5 on 1 Feb 2020 22.9 on 10 Jan 1962 75 12.5
Morwell (Latrobe Valley Airport) 23.2 on 1 Feb 2020 22.5 on 27 Jan 2006 37 12.4
Edi Upper 27.6 on 1 Feb 2020 24.5 on 17 Jan 2007 35 13.2
Wangaratta Aero 28.2 on 1 Feb 2020 26.6 on 17 Jan 2007 33 13.3
Falls Creek 20.6 on 1 Feb 2020 20.1 on 31 Jan 2009 30 8.0
Mount Hotham 19.6 on 1 Feb 2020 18.9 on 24 Jan 2001 29 7.3
Hunters Hill 27.0 on 1 Feb 2020 26.3 on 8 Feb 2009 27 13.5
Mallacoota 24.0 on 1 Feb 2020 = 24.0 on 28 Jan 2018 27 15.1



Summary statistics for summer 2019-20
Maximum temperatures
(°C)
Minimum temperatures
(°C)
Rainfall
(millimetres)
Mean for
summer
2019-20
Diff
from
average
Highest for
summer
2019-20
Mean for
summer
2019-20
Diff
from
average
Lowest for
summer
2019-20
Total for
summer
2019-20
Average
for
summer
Rank of
summer
2019-20
Fraction of
summer
average
North Mallee (district 76)
Mildura Airport 33.0 +1.5 46.8 20 Dec 2019 16.7 +0.6 8.8 1 Dec 2019 16.4 68.6 low 24%
Walpeup Research 32.4 +1.3 47.7 20 Dec 2019 15.1 +0.2 5.7 7 Dec 2019 51.6 69.3 average 74%
South Mallee (district 77)
Hopetoun Airport 32.0 0.0 47.9 20 Dec 2019 14.1 -0.4 6.3 7 Dec 2019 88.0 80.7 high 109%
Swan Hill Aerodrome 32.7 +0.6 46.9 20 Dec 2019 15.0 -0.4 7.5 7 Dec 2019 43.8 67.5 low 65%
North Wimmera (district 78)
Kellalac (Warracknabeal Airport) 31.0   46.9 20 Dec 2019 13.5   5.6 7 Dec 2019 41.4
Nhill Aerodrome 30.1 -0.2 47.1 20 Dec 2019 13.2 -0.1 5.7 7 Dec 2019 97.2 70.8 high 137%
South Wimmera (district 79)
Edenhope Airport 28.1 -0.4 46.5 20 Dec 2019 12.2 -0.3 3.8 7 Dec 2019 69.4 87.4 average 79%
Grampians (Mount William) 20.1 0.0 36.1 20 Dec 2019 9.2 -0.1 -0.2 2 Dec 2019 125.2 165.3 average 76%
Horsham Aerodrome     47.9 20 Dec 2019 12.3 +0.3 4.6 22 Dec 2019 67.4 75.2 average 90%
Kanagulk 28.5 -0.2 46.8 20 Dec 2019 12.1 0.0 3.7 7 Dec 2019 84.0 94.7 average 89%
Longerenong 30.4 +1.1 46.8 20 Dec 2019 12.7 +0.2 3.8 27 Feb 2020 80.4 74.7 average 108%
Pyrenees (Ben Nevis) 23.7 -0.4 39.8 20 Dec 2019 11.2 -0.5 2.0 2 Dec 2019 150.8 122.7 high 123%
Stawell Aerodrome 28.3 0.0 44.7 20 Dec 2019 12.7 -0.2 5.5 8 Dec 2019 59.8 97.3 v low 61%
Lower North (district 80)
Charlton 31.3 -0.1 45.5 20 Dec 2019 14.4 -0.2 7.4 7 Dec 2019 66.0 80.9 average 82%
Echuca Aerodrome 32.0 +1.8 46.3 20 Dec 2019 14.9 +0.3 7.3 7 Dec 2019 56.5 83.2 average 68%
Kerang 32.3 +1.4 46.6 20 Dec 2019 15.8 +1.2 8.9 3 Dec 2019 79.4 74.4 average 107%
Kyabram 31.5 +1.9 46.2 31 Jan 2020 14.8 +0.7 7.4 3 Dec 2019
Upper North (district 81)
Bendigo Airport 30.3 +1.2 44.8 20 Dec 2019 13.9 +0.3 4.7 27 Feb 2020 73.6 103.9 average 71%
Shepparton Airport 31.6 +0.9 45.9 31 Jan 2020 15.2 +0.7 8.2 27 Feb 2020 86.0 97.6 average 88%
Tatura Inst Sustainable Ag 30.0 +1.0 44.6 31 Jan 2020 14.6 +0.8 7.4 4 Dec 2019 59.0 101.4 low 58%
Yarrawonga 32.5 +0.9 46.0 31 Jan 2020 15.4 +0.3 7.9 4 Feb 2020 107.8 119.2 average 90%
Lower Northeast (district 82)
Benalla Airport 31.5 +0.5 44.9 31 Jan 2020 15.0 +0.1 3.2 1 Dec 2019 68.0 131.9 low 52%
Rutherglen Research 32.6 +2.1 46.2 31 Jan 2020 13.2 +0.1 2.2 1 Dec 2019 63.4 119.0 low 53%
Strathbogie 27.7 +1.1 42.0 31 Jan 2020 11.1 +0.1 2.5 1 Dec 2019 110.6 149.9 average 74%
Wangaratta Aero 32.1 +1.3 45.6 31 Jan 2020 13.9 +0.6 3.8 1 Dec 2019 67.4 131.0 low 51%
Upper Northeast (district 83)
Mount Buller 17.4 +0.9 29.4 31 Jan 2020 8.8 +0.8 -2.5 3 Dec 2019 254.6 258.4 average 99%
Omeo 26.3 +0.4 38.9 31 Jan 2020 10.4 0.0 1.2 27 Feb 2020 135.8 171.5 average 79%
East Gippsland (district 84)
Gabo Island Lighthouse 21.6 +0.7 29.2 28 Dec 2019 16.3 +0.8 8.1 1 Dec 2019 104.2 202.0 low 52%
Gelantipy 23.4 +0.5 39.2 31 Jan 2020 11.3 +0.3 3.4 1 Dec 2019 144.0 195.9 low 74%
Lakes Entrance (Eastern Beach Road) 22.9 -1.0 42.4 30 Dec 2019 14.1 -0.4 7.8 1 Dec 2019 190.0 160.5 average 118%
Mount Nowa Nowa 24.0 -0.1 42.4 31 Jan 2020 13.6 -0.1 6.4 1 Dec 2019 187.4 203.3 average 92%
Orbost 25.5 +0.1 43.1 30 Dec 2019     6.4 1 Dec 2019
West Gippsland (district 85)
Bairnsdale Airport 24.8 -0.3 43.8 31 Jan 2020 13.3 +0.9 6.8 1 Dec 2019
Corner Inlet (Yanakie) 22.2   40.7 30 Dec 2019 13.2   6.4 5 Feb 2020 168.4
East Sale 25.0 +0.2 43.3 31 Jan 2020 13.6 +1.1 6.6 27 Feb 2020 143.2 141.1 average 101%
East Sale Airport 25.3   43.5 30 Dec 2019 13.6   7.0 4 Feb 2020 168.6
Morwell (Latrobe Valley Airport) 25.4 -0.6 42.7 31 Jan 2020 12.8 +0.4 5.1 4 Feb 2020 209.0 159.9 high 131%
Mount Moornapa 24.7 +0.1 43.3 31 Jan 2020 12.7 -0.1 5.8 2 Dec 2019 398.6 201.9 highest 197%
Nilma North (Warragul) 24.3   41.6 31 Jan 2020 12.7   5.0 1 Jan 2020 255.6
Pound Creek 23.4 -1.1 41.6 31 Jan 2020 12.4 -0.1 3.5 23 Dec 2019 186.6 136.6 high 137%
Wilsons Promontory Lighthouse 20.5 +0.6 40.2 30 Dec 2019 14.5 +0.6 8.9 2 Dec 2019 203.8 163.0 high 125%
Yarram Airport 24.1 -0.8 44.0 30 Dec 2019 12.6 0.0 3.3 23 Dec 2019 196.0 145.6 high 135%
East Central (district 86)
Cerberus 23.8 -0.2 42.2 31 Jan 2020 13.5 +0.1 7.0 1 Jan 2020 158.4 130.4 high 121%
Coldstream 26.8 -0.3 42.5 31 Jan 2020 11.6 +0.3 3.5 27 Feb 2020 222.6 158.2 high 141%
Essendon Airport 26.4 +0.7 44.4 20 Dec 2019 14.1 +0.9 8.8 3 Dec 2019 165.2 140.3 high 118%
Ferny Creek 22.6   38.3 31 Jan 2020 12.0   5.0 3 Dec 2019 344.2
Melbourne (Olympic Park) 25.3   43.5 20 Dec 2019 15.0   9.8 2 Dec 2019 197.6
Melbourne Airport 26.4 +0.4 44.6 20 Dec 2019 13.5 +0.1 7.2 27 Feb 2020 164.6 133.6 high 123%
Moorabbin Airport 25.4 +0.1 44.2 20 Dec 2019 14.2 +0.4 9.1 23 Dec 2019 198.4 150.6 high 132%
Rhyll 23.3 -0.1 37.7 31 Jan 2020 14.9 -0.2 8.4 2 Dec 2019 164.4 123.6 high 133%
Scoresby Research Institute 26.1 +0.4 42.2 31 Jan 2020 13.3 +0.2 7.4 27 Feb 2020 261.0 182.5 high 143%
Viewbank 27.0 -0.2 43.9 31 Jan 2020 13.8 -0.2 7.7 27 Feb 2020 208.8 159.3 high 131%
West Central (district 87)
Avalon Airport 25.3 -0.5 45.8 20 Dec 2019 13.6 +0.1 7.2 27 Feb 2020
Breakwater (Geelong Racecourse) 24.6   45.1 20 Dec 2019 13.9   8.2 2 Dec 2019 166.0
Laverton RAAF 25.4 +0.3 45.2 20 Dec 2019 14.2 +0.8 7.1 27 Feb 2020 143.0 131.4 average 109%
Sheoaks 25.0 -0.2 42.4 31 Jan 2020 12.2 +0.3 5.0 4 Feb 2020 153.4 104.4 high 147%
North Central (district 88)
Castlemaine Prison 28.0 +0.5 43.0 20 Dec 2019 13.1 +0.5 3.0 27 Feb 2020 120.9 118.7 average 102%
Eildon Fire Tower 26.0 -0.1 40.8 31 Jan 2020 12.8 -0.2 4.3 3 Dec 2019 124.4 133.2 average 93%
Lake Eildon 28.9 +0.7 42.8 31 Jan 2020 12.4 +0.2 4.9 27 Feb 2020 174.6 148.1 average 118%
Mangalore Airport 29.9 +1.1 44.9 31 Jan 2020 13.9 +0.4 5.1 5 Dec 2019 117.6 118.5 average 99%
Maryborough 28.8 +0.7 43.9 20 Dec 2019 13.5 +1.0 5.2 27 Feb 2020 83.0 100.7 average 82%
Puckapunyal Lyon Hill (Defence) 29.1   44.9 31 Jan 2020 14.5   8.4 1 Dec 2019 151.4
Puckapunyal West (Defence) 28.7   43.5 20 Dec 2019 13.7   5.2 7 Dec 2019 127.6
Redesdale 30.2 +1.6 44.5 20 Dec 2019 12.4 +0.1 2.6 27 Feb 2020 54.4 108.2 low 50%
Wallan (Kilmore Gap) 24.6 +0.5 40.7 20 Dec 2019 11.7 -0.1 5.4 2 Dec 2019 149.4 141.8 average 105%
Western Plains (district 89)
Ararat Prison 27.6 +1.2 43.3 20 Dec 2019 11.6 +1.0 3.4 6 Dec 2019 77.6 108.0 average 72%
Ballarat Aerodrome 24.9 +0.6 43.5 20 Dec 2019 11.5 +0.9 3.6 27 Feb 2020 121.0 132.9 average 91%
Westmere 26.9 -0.5 45.2 20 Dec 2019 10.7 -0.1 2.4 8 Dec 2019 101.6 102.0 average 100%
West Coast (district 90)
Aireys Inlet 23.2 +0.6 44.7 20 Dec 2019 13.5 -0.2 6.9 2 Dec 2019 141.0 110.6 high 127%
Cape Nelson Lighthouse 20.4 -0.5 45.1 20 Dec 2019 14.1 -0.3 8.4 2 Dec 2019 76.6 97.6 low 78%
Cape Otway Lighthouse 20.4 -0.6 43.4 20 Dec 2019 13.8 +0.7 7.8 2 Dec 2019 118.6 138.1 average 86%
Casterton 26.2 -0.8 44.5 20 Dec 2019 11.3 -0.3 3.4 22 Dec 2019 97.2 102.1 average 95%
Dartmoor 25.5 -0.7 46.9 20 Dec 2019     5.1 1 Jan 2020 35.2 102.4 v low 34%
Hamilton Airport 26.1 +0.2 45.0 20 Dec 2019 11.2 +0.5 3.8 7 Dec 2019 80.0 101.0 average 79%
Port Fairy AWS 21.7 -0.6 45.2 20 Dec 2019 13.6 -0.1 8.3 23 Dec 2019 63.8 98.8 low 65%
Portland (Cashmore Airport) 21.4 -0.3 43.6 20 Dec 2019 12.4 +0.4 6.6 7 Jan 2020 121.4 114.6 average 106%
Warrnambool Airport NDB 23.2 -0.9 44.2 20 Dec 2019 11.6 +0.1 1.9 23 Dec 2019 101.6 111.3 average 91%

Notes

The Seasonal climate summary, generally published on the first working day of each month, lists the main features of the weather in Victoria using the most timely and accurate information available on the date of publication; it will generally not be updated. More extensive discussion of significant weather events, along with later information and data that has had greater opportunity for quality control, will be presented in the Monthly Weather Review.

This statement has been prepared based on information available at 9 am on Monday 2 March 2020. Some checks have been made on the data, but it is possible that results will change as new information becomes available.

In some situations, some or all of the rainfall is in the form of hail or snow. In these cases the totals given are for the water equivalent: the depth of liquid water that results from melting any frozen precipitation. There can be significant 'undercatch' of snow in strong winds, meaning the true precipitation can be higher than that reported.

Averages for individual sites are long-term means based on observations from all available years of record, which vary widely from site to site. They are not shown for sites with less than 10 years of record, as they cannot then be calculated reliably.
The median is sometimes more representative than the mean of long-term average rain.

The Rank indicates how rainfall this time compares with the climate record for the site, based on the decile ranking (very low rainfall is in decile 1, low in decile 2 or 3, average in decile 4 to 7, high in decile 8 or 9 and very high is in decile 10).
The Fraction of average shows how much rain has fallen this time as a percentage of the long-term mean.

Where temperature area averages are mentioned, they are derived from the ACORN-SAT dataset.

Further information

Media
(03) 9669 4057
Enquiries

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