Thursday, 2 January 2014 - Annual Climate Summary for South Australia - Product code IDCKGC23R0

South Australia in 2013: A year of extreme heat and record high temperatures

The year of 2013 started with very hot conditions across South Australia, with persistent extreme heat across large parts of the State for much of January. Record high temperatures were observed several times throughout the year, with many areas experiencing extensive and prolonged heat events. Total annual rainfall across the State tended to be near average despite large parts of the State having very much above average to highest on record rainfall through June and July. Rainfall became scarce through the second half of the year from August, with monthly totals across the state tending below average.

• The warmest year on record for South Australia
  
• Highest on record temperatures observed in January, March and September
  
• Rainfall for South Australia as a whole near average
  
• The first half of the year was wetter than normal and the second half of the year drier
• Record warmest ocean temperatures along much of the South Australian coast in 2013

The Bureau of Meteorology's Australian annual climate statement is also available.

Extremes Maps Records Summaries Important notes the top

Temperature

The mean temperature (the average of daytime maximum temperatures and overnight minimum temperatures) for South Australia as a whole for 2013 was 1.6 °C above the long-term average. This resulted in the warmest year on record for South Australia (more than 0.4 °C warmer than the previous record set in 2009) with several sites around the state observing their  hottest year on record.

Adelaide (Kent Town) had an annual mean temperature (average of the daily maximum and minimum temperatures) of 18.3 °C, which is 1.0°C above the long-term average and the equal second warmest with 2009 for Adelaide, and only slightly less than the hottest year on record for Adelaide in 2007 when the annual mean temperature was 18.4°C. Adelaide also recorded its warmest start to spring, with a mean daily maximum temperature through September of 22.3 °C (3.3 °C above the long-term September average, and beating the previous record by more than one degree). 

Maximum temperature

The year began with extensive heatwave conditions in place across much of South Australia, particularly in the north. While southern areas saw some relief from the heat as weak cold frontal systems tracked across the Great Australian Bight, the heat persisted across inland areas for much of January. Oodnadatta, in the far north of South Australia, observed a record run of seven consecutive days with maximum temperatures above 45 °C and some sites observed their  highest temperature on record. Further details on this event are available in Special Climate Statement 43. Moomba Airport reported the hottest day of the year for any location in the State with 49.6 °C on 12 January; the highest temperature of the January heat event and the highest temperature recorded in South Australia since 1960 as well as a record highest for this location. This was also the sixth hottest temperature ever officially recorded in Australia, and the hottest for Australia in 2013. 

A prolonged heatwave event in March saw autumn 2013 maximum temperatures 1 to 2 °C above average across much of the State. Several locations including Robe, Mount Gambier, Streaky Bay and Adelaide observed their hottest autumn days on record. Spring saw another heat event, with record high daily September temperatures reported across several locations throughout pastoral districts. September as a whole for the State was extremely warm, with an anomaly of +5.39 °C, beating the previous September record by almost two degrees, and also the largest anomaly observed for any State or Territory in any month.

The annual maximum temperature across the State for 2013 was 1.9 °C above average, more than 0.5 °C above the previous warmest year observed in 2005. The entire State observed maximum temperatures in the highest decile (highest 10 percent of 104 years of observations), with 66% of South Australia having highest annual-averaged daytime temperatures on record. Daytime temperatures ranged from 17.7 °C at Mount Lofty to 31.0 °C at Oodnadatta in the north of the State with several sites observing their highest mean daily maximum temperature on record and some other sites having their highest mean daily maximum temperature for at least 20 years.

Daytime temperatures for the Adelaide region were above average and the warmest since 2009. Adelaide saw maximum temperatures averaged across the year of 23.5°C, which is 1.2°C warmer than the long term average and equal 3rd warmest on record for daytime temperatures.

Minimum temperature

As with daytime temperatures, minimum temperatures were highest on record for South Australia for 2013. The statewide annual minimum temperature for 2013 was 1.2 °C above the long-term average. Minimum temperatures were in the highest decile for 85% of the State, with 35% of the State observing the highest minimum temperature on record. Coolest nights were observed at Keith (Munkora) with an average of 8.4°C, while Oodnadatta had the warmest nights on average with 15.8 °C. Several locations across the State had their highest mean daily minimum temperature on record while other locations had their highest mean daily minimum temperature for at least 20 years.

Adelaide saw minimum temperatures averaged across the year of 13.2°C, which is 1 °C warmer than average, and the warmest nights since 2009 and equal 2nd warmest on record. 

Minimum temperatures were generally above average across most of the State from January through to September. However, October and November saw generally below average minimum temperatures, particularly across eastern districts. The warmest nights for any month occurred in September, with most of South Australia observing the warmest September nights on record.

Rainfall

South Australia as a whole received 87% of the long-term average rainfall throughout 2013 (i.e. 13% below average). Parts of the Northeast Pastoral received very much below average rainfall, while elsewhere across South Australia rainfall totals for the year were mostly near average with some coastal areas tending above average. Some locations observed their highest total rainfall on record or their highest total rainfall for at least 20 years. The second half of the year was very dry for northern parts of the State. Moomba had no measureable rain at all from July to November, and only 10.8mm from 1 June to 31 December. Most locations in the Northeast Pastoral reported less than 10mm since 1 July.

The most significant rainfall events for the year occurred at the beginning of June, when a broad low pressure trough crossed the State, producing widespread rainfall over most districts. The passage of a low pressure system on 11 June and another on 21 June resulted in the wettest June in 9 years for the state as a whole. The wettest day was observed at Murray Lagoon (Hawks Nest) on Kangaroo Island where 150.8 mm was recorded in the 24 hours to 9am on 12 June, a record high daily rainfall observation for any month for this location in 125 years. Flinders Chase (Rocky River) also had a record highest annual daily rainfall with 82.8 mm (see sites with their highest daily rainfall on record.)

For the agricultural cropping areas, the April to October growing season rainfall was generally above average, with very much above average falls from April through to July. Rainfall from August onwards tended to be below average across most of the State except for the Lower Southeast.

Adelaide (Kent Town) received in 507.4 mm of rainfall through 2013, near the long-term average of 549.4mm. In comparison 2012 recorded 527.2 mm for the year, despite also experiencing drier than average conditions in the second half of the year. The last year with above average rainfall for Adelaide was in 2010 with 592.6 mm.

Notable events through 2013

• January 4 – Adelaide reached 45 °C for only the fourth time on record.
• January 7 -  Severe thunderstorms developed across the north of the State, with Tarcoola recording a wind gust of 93 km/h.
• January 12 – Moomba reached 49.6 °C, the highest temperature recorded in South Australia since 1960, and the sixth hottest temperature ever officially recorded in Australia.
• January 24 – A trough associated with ex-tropical cyclone Peta, combined with a cold front, moved across western parts of the State. Coober Pedy recorded gale force winds and very dusty conditions with average wind speeds up to 63 km/h recorded in the evening.
• February 15 – Severe thunderstorms and heavy rainfall occurred across the West Coast of South Australia damaging sheds, fences and trees in what could have been a tornado. Large areas of small hail fell between Streaky Bay and Ceduna, with fallen trees and localised flash flooding in Adelaide’s northern suburbs.
• February 27 – Severe thunderstorms in the Northeast Pastoral and Flinders districts produced heavy rainfall, with daily totals in excess of 50 mm at several locations.
• March 7 to 8 – Severe thunderstorms in the Lower Eyre Peninsula produced heavy rain with daily rainfall totals of in excess of 40 mm observed at several locations. A low pressure trough on the 8th then produced a 102 km/h wind gust at Coober Pedy.
• March 21 –  Severe wind gusts at several locations in the southeast of the State and the Adelaide Hills, with lightning starting a number of fires.
• May 20 – Severe thunderstorms from a cold front moved across the southeast of the State producing 1-2 cm diameter hail near Bordertown.
• May 31 to June 1 – Widespread rainfall across South Australia, heavy at times in the Adelaide region and Mount Lofty Ranges, produced localised flooding and fallen trees. The highest rainfall recorded for the two day period was 105 mm at Millbrook Reservoir and Lenswood in the Mount Lofty Ranges, with Millbrook Reservoir recording 66 mm in a six hour period.
• June 12 – A low pressure system delivered heavy rainfall across southern parts of South Australia, with Murray Lagoon (Hawks Nest) on Kangaroo Island observing a record high daily rainfall total of 150.8 mm in 125 years.
• July 4 – Thunderstorms across Lower Eyre Peninsula and Kangaroo Island produced a tornado which produced damage northwest of Port Lincoln. Squally westerly affected southern coastal districts with a vigorous cold front. Severe wind gusts of 90-95 km/h were recorded at Cape Borda and Parndana on Kangaroo Island and at Cape Jaffa in the Lower South East district.
• July 18 – Severe thunderstorms tracked across northern SA producing a 95 km/h wind gust  at Leigh Creek Airport. Gale force winds occurred around a low pressure system in the south of the State producing tree damage in northern Adelaide suburbs and on the Fleurieu Peninsula and Victor Harbor area.
• August 3 – Severe thunderstorms associated with a front tracked across the southeastern districts producing a tornado witnessed by several people. Shortly after, a second tornado caused damage on a property at Keilira, 30 km northeast of Kingston.
• August 16 – Strong to near gale force northerly winds ahead of a vigorous front affected central parts of South Australia.  Gale force winds were recorded briefly at Port Augusta and at Port Lincoln where a yacht broke its moorings. Wind gusts of 90-96 km/h were recorded at Wudinna on the West Coast and at Minlaton on Yorke Peninsula with the frontal passage.
• August 18 – A vigorous cold frontal system across southern districts produced gale force winds over Kangaroo Island and the Mount Lofty Ranges.  Gusts of 98 km/h were recorded at Cape Borda and 93 km/h at Strathalbyn and tree damage was reported.
• August 21 – A short-lived tornado damaged three properties on the northern outskirts of Adelaide.
• August 28 to 29 – Severe thunderstorms tracked across central and eastern South Australia producing wind gusts to 100 km/h at Coober Pedy late, 95 km/h at Woomera, 95 km/h at Mount Crawford and 91 km/h at Kadina where trees and fences were damaged.
• September 9 – Severe thunderstorms produced damaging wind gusts of 95 km/h at Mount Crawford in the Mount Lofty Ranges.   
• September 16 – Severe thunderstorms produced heavy rain in the southeast of the State. Flooding was reported from Penola where 51 mm of rainfall was recorded in 24 hours.
• September 17 – An intense cold front produced strong and gusty winds in the west of the State, with wind gusts to 91km/h recorded at Nullarbor, and to 100km/h at Oodnadatta.     
• September 23 – Strong northerly winds raised large areas of dust in the north of the State. At Marree Airport a mean wind speed of 69 km/h with a gust to 91 km/h was observed. A large area of raised dust originating from Lake Eyre was also observed on satellite imagery, with a maximum extent of approximately 400 km long by 60 km wide.
• September 25 to 26 – A fast-moving trough of low pressure over South Australia produced damaging winds and thunderstorm activity on the Lower Eyre Peninsula, Yorke Peninsula, Adelaide and Mount Lofty Ranges, and the Lower South East districts. There were numerous reports of trees down, mainly about the Mount Lofty Ranges. Wind gusts up to 100 km/h were recorded at Edinburgh Airport. Gale force winds of 65km/h were also observed at Outer Harbor in Adelaide.
• September 30 – An intense cold front over South Australia produced damaging wind gusts and gale force winds. Tree and property damage was reported in the Mid North, Barossa Valley, Riverland and Adelaide Hills. Wind gusts up to 107 km/h were recorded at Snowtown, 106 km/h at Renmark, 104 km/h at Noarlunga and 102 km/h at Loxton.
• October 2 – A low pressure system across the south of the State produced damaging wind gusts in the Lower South East, Mount Lofty Ranges, and Eastern Eyre Peninsula districts, and gale force winds on Kangaroo Island, Lower Eyre Peninsula and the Lower South East districts. A wind gust of 104 km/h was recorded at Mount Gambier, with tree and storm damage reported and a boat breaking moorings and sinking near Granite Island.
• October 9 – a cold front moved over the State, producing strong to gale force and gusty northerly winds. Cleve on the Eastern Eyre Peninsula recorded a mean wind speed of 63 km/h and a gust of 93 km/h.
• October 22 – an intense low pressure system over the south of the State produced  gale force winds and damaging wind gusts, with tree and property damage reported on the Lower Eyre Peninsula and to Adelaide Oval. A wind gust of 107 km/h was recorded at Port Lincoln Airport and 102 km/h at Roseworthy.  
• December 3 – Extensive thunderstorm activity was observed over most of South Australia.
• December 21 – Damaging strong to gale force southeasterly winds occurred about the southern Mount Lofty Ranges and the Adelaide Metropolitan area early in the morning.

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Extremes in 2013
Hottest day	49.6 °C at Moomba Airport on 12 Jan
Warmest days on average	31.0 °C at Oodnadatta Airport
Coolest days on average	17.7 °C at Mount Lofty
Coldest day	5.5 °C at Mount Lofty on 20 Jul
Coldest night	-4.9 °C at Gluepot Reserve (Gluepot) on 10 Jul
Coolest nights on average	8.4 °C at Keith (Munkora)
Warmest nights on average	15.8 °C at Oodnadatta Airport
Warmest night	32.6 °C at Tarcoola Aero on 20 Dec 32.6 °C at Arkaroola on 21 Dec
Warmest on average overall	23.4 °C at Oodnadatta Airport
Coolest on average overall	13.6 °C at Mount Lofty
Wettest overall	1170.4 mm at Uraidla
Driest overall	55.8 mm at Oodnadatta Airport
Wettest day	150.8 mm at Murray Lagoon (Hawks Nest) on 12 Jun
Highest wind gust	117 km/h at Neptune Island on 4 Jul

Extremes Maps Records Summaries Important notes the top

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Maps
	Observed	Anomaly	Decile rank
Total rainfall
Mean daily maximum temperatures
Mean daily minimum temperatures

Click on a map to show it full size in a pop-up window

Extremes Records Month by month Summaries Important notes the top

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Month by month
January Rainfall across much of South Australia during January was below average due to weak tropical activity for this time of the year, with many locations receiving less than half of their average January rainfall. Averaged across the State, January 2013 was the driest January since 1989. Temperatures were very high at the start of the year with extensive heatwave conditions in place across much of the State, particularly for the northern districts. While southern areas saw relief from weak cold frontal systems, the heat persisted for much of the month inland. Driest January in 24 years (since 1989) with below average rainfall across most of the state. Extensive heatwave conditions see record high temperatures for several locations. Moomba observes the highest temperature in South Australia in 54 years, and the sixth hottest temperature ever officially recorded in Australia. Oodnadatta has a record run of days with maximum temperatures above 45 °C.
Rainfall rank	Maximum temperature rank	Minimum temperature rank
February Rainfall across much of South Australia during February was mostly near average tending above average for some areas. Averaged across the State, February was the driest February in 4 years. Much of the month was without significant rainfall for many locations. The mean temperature (the average of the maximum and minimum temperatures) for South Australia as a whole through February was 0.9 °C above the long-term average, the warmest February for the state since 2009. Despite remaining dry for much of month, a band of rain at the months end resulted with some locations observing slightly above average February rainfall. Above average daytime temperatures for southern parts of the State, with nights closer to average.
March Rainfall during March was patchy. Parts of the pastoral districts received some rainfall in the first week, but much of the month saw little significant rainfall for most locations. Only in the last week of the month tropical moisture combined with a low pressure system resulted in moderate totals for many areas. The average daily temperature for South Australia in March was 1.3 °C above the long-term March average, 11th highest on record. Nights were warmer than average across most agricultural areas. A dry and hot start and cool and wet finish to the month. Record hottest March night-time temperatures for some locations in Adelaide and on southern coasts.
April Rainfall totals were average to below average across South Australia through April, as high pressure systems dominated the weather across the State throughout the month. Through the early part of April, weak low pressure troughs delivered only small rainfall totals across coastal areas. The wettest period occurred during the latter half of the month as a series of vigorous cold fronts resulted in moderate to high totals that were mainly concentrated about southern areas of the State. Maximum temperatures for the month were above average across the entire State, with Pastoral areas seeing daytime temperatures 2 to 3 °C warmer than usual and the warmest since 2005. Warmest April, with respect to daytime temperatures, for South Australia since 2005 and sixth warmest on record. Rainfall tending average to above average across southern districts but drier than normal in the north and the lower southeast.
May Rainfall throughout May was patchy. Bursts of tropical activity produced heavy rain across northern districts mid-month with coastal areas receiving persistent showers. Another rainfall event in the third week of May brought welcome rainfall to most of the State; another widespread rainfall event started at the end of the month. The average daily temperature for South Australia as a whole in May was 2.5 °C above the long-term average; the highest May average temperature since observations began in 1910. Warmest May nights, and fourth warmest May days on record. Temperatures 1 to 3 °C warmer across the State. Average to above average rainfall across SA, with new records at some locations.
June South Australia received well above average June rainfall, resulting in the wettest June for the State since 2004. Apart from the far west and northeast where rainfall was average to below average, most locations recorded a wetter than average start to winter. Parts of Upper North and Flinders Ranges observed record high June total rainfall. The wettest periods for most districts occurred between the 1st and 3rd, between the 11th and 14th and between the 21st and 24th. Mean maximum temperatures over South Australia were generally below average across the State, particularly for the Northwest pastoral. June maximum temperatures were 0.3 °C below normal. Some locations were as cool as 2 °C below average across the northwest of the state. Nights were warmer than usual across most districts. A wet start to winter with several locations observing record highest daily and monthly totals. State-wide maximum temperatures mostly below average - the coolest since 2007, particularly across the northwest pastoral regions. Minimum temperatures warmer than average, being the warmest since 2004.
July rainfall was very much above average, resulting in the wettest July since 2006. Parts of the northern pastoral districts recorded average to below average rainfall, while most agricultural locations recorded a wetter than average July with some locations observing new record high July total rainfall. The wettest periods for most districts occurred between the 5th and 8th, between the 13th and 15th and between the 18th and 23rd. Mean maximum temperatures over South Australia were generally above average across the State, particularly in the pastoral districts. Wet conditions continue for agricultural areas with record daily and monthly totals. State-wide maximum temperatures mostly above average with new daily records. Warmest July nights in 38 years at Kent Town and warmest July days in 11 years.
August Apart from the southern coastal areas and the lower southeast of South Australia where August rainfall tended above average and some locations recording highest monthly falls, most locations across the State saw below average rainfall to finish winter. Minimum temperatures were widely above average across South Australia through August, apart from areas about the Upper North. With a State-wide anomaly of 1.4 °C above average, August 2013 is the warmest since 2009 and the sixth warmest August nights on record. Wet across the southeast, but dry across most of the north of the State. Warm nights and warm days.
September South Australia had a record warm month. Mean daily temperatures for South Australia as a whole in September were 4.3 °C above the long-term average and the highest anomaly for any month on record. Most locations in South Australia received average to below average rainfall throughout September, apart from far western parts of the State and the southern tip of Eyre Peninsula where rainfall was above average. Warmest September on record for South Australia. Record September day-time and night-time temperatures at many locations. Average to below average rainfall across most of the state.
October Most locations in South Australia received below average rainfall throughout the month, apart from the lower southeast where above average rainfall was recorded in a persistent westerly airstream. While most of the eastern half of South Australia experienced cooler than average nights, mean minimum temperatures were mostly near average as a whole. Rainfall was below average for most of the state Daytime temperatures were above average, with cooler nights across eastern districts Windy, with increased frequent strong and gusty winds across the state
November rainfall was generally below average across much of the State, apart from western and coastal areas where rainfall tended average to above average. Most eastern districts recorded very much below average rainfall. The daily mean temperature for South Australia in November was 0.1 °C warmer than average, while large parts of eastern and southern coastal areas tended cooler than average with nights. Rainfall tended below average across large parts of the state Day temperatures mostly near average Night time temperature cooler than average and coolest since 2001
December The first half of the month saw cool conditions for the beginning of summer owing to a high pressure ridge centred south of Western Australia. Temperatures in the second half of the month tended above average with much hotter conditions over central and northern areas. The lead up to Christmas  and the end of the year saw extensive heatwave conditions across the State.  A heatwave across northern South Australia at months end produces some record hot days The hottest December day for Adelaide in 82 years, and third hottest December day on record occurs on the 19th Mild temperatures to start the month but with a hot finish
Rainfall rank	Maximum temperature rank	Minimum temperature rank

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Record highest daily rainfall
	Highest daily rainfall in 2013 (mm)		Previous annual wettest		Years of record
Murray Lagoon (Hawks Nest)	150.8	on 12 Jun	101.6	on 21 Feb 1930	96
Flinders Chase (Rocky River)	82.2	on 12 Jun	76.8	on 29 Nov 1977	54
Upper Hermitage	78.8	on 1 Jun	69.0	on 5 Jun 1988	45

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Record highest total annual rainfall
	Total rainfall for 2013 (mm)	Previous annual wettest		Years of record	Annual average
American River	758.6	750.1	in 1992	108	532.1

Highest total annual rainfall for at least 20 years
	Total rainfall for 2013 (mm)	Most recent annual at least this wet		Years since wetter	Annual average
Neptune Island	529.8	615.2	in 1992	21	448.4
Coulta	628.4	849.8	in 1992*	20	520.0

* note: there are gaps in the historical record at this site, so it is possible a higher value has gone unreported.

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Record highest temperature
	Highest temperature in 2013 (°C)		Previous annual warmest		Years of record	Annual average
Mount Gambier Aero	43.6	on 4 Jan	= 43.6	on 29 Jan 2009	72	18.9
Adelaide Airport	44.1	on 4 Jan	44.0	on 28 Jan 2009	59	21.5
Kimba	46.0	on 4 Jan	45.6	on 31 Jan 1968	47	23.5
Leigh Creek Airport	46.3	on 6 Jan	46.1	on 25 Jan 2011	32	26.2

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Record highest annual mean daily maximum temperature
	Mean daily maximum temperature for 2013 (°C)	Previous annual warmest		Years of record	Annual average
Kyancutta	26.5	= 26.5	in 2007	79	25.1
Marree Comparison	30.9	30.3	in 2006	71	28.7
Woomera Aerodrome	27.4	27.1	in 2007	63	25.7
Oodnadatta Airport	31.0	30.4	in 1980	62	29.0
Elliston	22.9	22.8	in 2007	49	21.4
Neptune Island	19.7	19.4	in 2009	48	18.5
Meningie	22.0	21.9	in 2007	46	20.8
Cape Willoughby	19.3	19.1	in 2007	45	18.1
Andamooka	28.7	= 28.7	in 2005	41	27.5
Hawker	26.2	= 26.2	in 2002	37	25.2
Arkaroola	27.3	26.7	in 2005	35	25.6
Leigh Creek Airport	28.0	27.6	in 2006	27	26.2
Whyalla Aero	24.8	24.6	in 2007	24	23.7
Edithburgh	21.3	21.1	in 2007	20	20.3
North Shields (Port Lincoln AWS)	22.4	22.1	in 2007	20	21.2

Highest annual mean daily maximum temperature for at least 20 years
	Mean daily maximum temperature for 2013 (°C)	Most recent annual at least this warm		Years since warmer	Annual average
Streaky Bay	24.7	25.0	in 1961*	49	23.0
Warooka	22.1	22.3	in 1980*	32	21.2

* note: there are gaps in the historical record at this site, so it is possible a higher value has gone unreported.

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Record highest annual mean daily minimum temperature
	Mean daily minimum temperature for 2013 (°C)	Previous annual warmest		Years of record	Annual average
Robe Comparison	11.9	= 11.9	in 2000	127	10.9
Mount Barker	9.7	9.4	in 2000	109	8.0
Lameroo Comparison	10.2	= 10.2	in 2007	95	8.7
Streaky Bay	13.4	= 13.4	in 2000	84	12.2
Kyancutta	10.5	= 10.5	in 2000	80	9.3
Ceduna AMO	11.9	11.4	in 1968	70	10.4
Cleve	12.8	12.5	in 2007	70	11.3
Woomera Aerodrome	13.8	= 13.8	in 2009	63	12.7
Adelaide Airport	12.6	12.5	in 2000	57	11.4
Warooka	12.5	12.3	in 2009	50	11.5
Elliston	12.9	12.7	in 2000	49	11.8
Eudunda	10.2	10.1	in 2009	48	9.2
Neptune Island	14.8	14.4	in 2009	48	13.7
Cape Willoughby	13.8	13.6	in 2009	45	12.8
Murray Bridge Comparison	10.7	= 10.7	in 1974	45	9.9
Andamooka	14.9	14.7	in 2009	41	13.7
Edinburgh RAAF	12.1	11.9	in 1973	40	11.1
Adelaide (Kent Town)	13.2	= 13.2	in 2009	35	12.2
Maitland	12.5	12.3	in 2009	28	11.3
Nullarbor	11.9	11.8	in 2011	24	10.7
Whyalla Aero	12.3	12.2	in 2000	24	11.4
Edithburgh	12.6	= 12.6	in 1999	20	12.0
North Shields (Port Lincoln AWS)	11.9	11.8	in 1997	20	11.3

Highest annual mean daily minimum temperature for at least 20 years
	Mean daily minimum temperature for 2013 (°C)	Most recent annual at least this warm		Years since warmer	Annual average
Oodnadatta Airport	15.8	15.9	in 1973*	30	14.6
Coonawarra	8.7	8.9	in 1988	25	8.0
Parafield Airport	12.0	12.2	in 1991	22	11.2
Cape Jaffa (The Limestone)	11.0	11.1	in 1992	21	10.3

* note: there are gaps in the historical record at this site, so it is possible a higher value has gone unreported.

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Record highest annual mean temperature
	Mean daily temperature for 2013 (°C)	Previous annual warmest		Years of record	Annual average
Kyancutta	18.5	18.3	in 2007	79	17.2
Ceduna AMO	18.4	18.0	in 2009	70	16.9
Cleve	18.0	17.9	in 2007	69	16.7
Woomera Aerodrome	20.6	20.4	in 2009	63	19.2
Oodnadatta Airport	23.4	22.9	in 2009	62	21.8
Parafield Airport	18.0	17.9	in 2007	55	16.8
Warooka	17.3	17.1	in 2009	50	16.3
Elliston	17.9	17.7	in 2009	49	16.6
Eudunda	16.2	= 16.2	in 2007	48	15.1
Neptune Island	17.3	16.9	in 2009	47	16.1
Meningie	16.5	= 16.5	in 2007	46	15.5
Cape Willoughby	16.5	16.3	in 2007	45	15.4
Murray Bridge Comparison	17.5	= 17.5	in 2007	45	16.4
Andamooka	21.8	21.6	in 2009	41	20.6
Edinburgh RAAF	17.8	= 17.8	in 2007	40	16.8
Maitland	17.6	= 17.6	in 2007	28	16.5
Leigh Creek Airport	20.7	20.6	in 2009	27	19.5
Whyalla Aero	18.6	18.3	in 2009	24	17.5
Nullarbor	18.3	17.8	in 2005	23	17.2
Cape Jaffa (The Limestone)	15.5	15.3	in 2007	21	14.7
Edithburgh	16.9	16.8	in 2007	20	16.2
North Shields (Port Lincoln AWS)	17.2	16.9	in 2007	20	16.3

Extremes Maps Records Summaries Important notes the top

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Summary statistics for 2013
	Maximum temperatures (°C)				Minimum temperatures (°C)				Rainfall (millimetres)
	Mean for 2013	Diff from average	Highest for 2013		Mean for 2013	Diff from average	Lowest for 2013		Total for 2013	Average annual total	Rank of 2013	Fraction of annual average
Northwest (district 16)
Andamooka	28.7	+1.2	47.2	6 Jan	14.9	+1.2	2.6	7 Jul	151.9	193.9	average	78%
Coober Pedy Airport	28.9		46.3	7 Jan	15.0		1.9	22 Jul	144.8
Ernabella (Pukatja)	28.5		43.8	11 Jan	13.5		-2.8	22 Jul	200.8
Roxby Downs (Olympic Dam Aerodrome)	28.8		47.3	6 Jan	13.1		-2.0	15 Aug	131.0
Tarcoola Aero	28.7		47.4	4 Jan	13.1		-0.3	7 Jul	159.8
Woomera Aerodrome	27.4	+1.7	46.1	4 Jan	13.8	+1.1	2.7	7 Jul	142.6	183.6	average	78%
Far North (district 17)
Arkaroola	27.3	+1.7	44.8	5 Jan			-2.3	6 Jul	202.0	257.9	average	78%
Leigh Creek Airport	28.0	+1.8	46.3	6 Jan	13.5	+0.7	0.5	18 Jun	189.4	225.7	average	84%
Marree Aero	30.1		48.3	5 Jan	14.3		1.2	7 Jul	103.2
Marree Comparison	30.9	+2.2	48.4	8 Jan			1.5	7 Jul	104.0	161.9	low	64%
Oodnadatta Airport	31.0	+2.0	48.2	8 Jan	15.8	+1.2	1.4	23 Jul	55.8	176.8	v low	32%
Western Agricultural (district 18)
Ceduna AMO	25.0	+1.5	46.3	31 Dec	11.9	+1.5	0.4	15 Aug	333.6	295.4	average	113%
Cleve	23.2	+1.1	45.0	4 Jan	12.8	+1.5	3.5	15 Aug	501.0	400.6	high	125%
Cummins Aero	23.6		43.9	17 Jan	10.4		0.2	8 Jul	489.6
Elliston	22.9	+1.5	41.8	19 Dec	12.9	+1.1	1.8	17 Jun	486.2	427.6	high	114%
Kimba	24.5	+1.0	46.0	4 Jan			1.0	15 Aug	419.4	347.2	high	121%
Kyancutta	26.5	+1.4	48.0	4 Jan	10.5	+1.2	-0.9	15 Aug	297.9	313.5	average	95%
Minnipa Pirsa	25.4		46.9	4 Jan	11.8		1.8	15 Aug	315.8
Neptune Island	19.7	+1.2	32.7	17 Jan	14.8	+1.1	7.4	21 Jul	529.8	448.4	high	118%
North Shields (Port Lincoln AWS)	22.4	+1.2	45.6	17 Jan	11.9	+0.6	3.8	18 Oct	461.0
Nullarbor	24.8	+1.1	46.8	3 Jan	11.9	+1.2	0.6	7 Jul	293.2	249.6	high	117%
Port Augusta Aero	27.1		47.7	4 Jan	12.3		-2.4	15 Aug	201.2
Streaky Bay	24.7	+1.7	43.3	17 Jan	13.4	+1.2	4.0	8 Jul	367.4	378.3	average	97%
Whyalla Aero	24.8	+1.1	47.2	4 Jan	12.3	+0.9	0.8	10 Jul	226.8	262.5	low	86%
Wudinna Aero	26.2		48.2	4 Jan	10.7		0.7	15 Aug	304.8
Upper North (district 19)
Hawker	26.2	+1.0	45.0	7 Jan	11.3	+0.7	-2.5	20 Aug	342.0	308.5	average	111%
Northeast (district 20)
Gluepot Reserve (Gluepot)			45.7	4 Jan	9.6		-4.9	10 Jul	206.7
Yunta Airstrip	25.5		44.8	7 Jan	10.0		-4.2	10 Jul	170.0
Lower North (district 21)
Clare High School	22.1		42.4	4 Jan	9.6		-1.2	15 Aug	587.8
Port Pirie Aerodrome	25.4		45.5	4 Jan	11.8		-1.1	15 Aug	355.2
Snowtown (Rayville Park)	24.4		45.4	4 Jan	9.7		-0.1	25 Oct	441.6
Yorke Peninsula (district 22A)
Edithburgh	21.3	+1.0	44.8	4 Jan	12.6	+0.6	2.0	18 Oct	494.6
Kadina AWS	24.1		46.1	4 Jan	10.2		-0.4	15 Aug	390.2
Maitland	22.8	+1.1	44.5	4 Jan	12.5	+1.2	4.1	22 Jul	538.6	504.2	average	107%
Minlaton Aero	23.2		44.8	4 Jan	11.6		2.7	25 Oct	348.0
Stenhouse Bay	21.2		41.1	4 Jan	13.6		5.5	18 Oct	510.0
Warooka	22.1	+0.9	41.8	4 Jan	12.5	+1.0	4.6	21 Jul	443.4	445.3	average	100%
Kangaroo Island (district 22B)
Cape Borda	19.9		38.5	19 Dec	12.3		3.9	20 Jul	670.4
Cape Willoughby	19.3	+1.2	39.7	4 Jan	13.8	+1.0	6.4	20 Jul	639.0	540.9	high	118%
Kingscote Aero	21.7		42.8	4 Jan	9.9		0.5	9 Jul	631.0
Parndana Cfs AWS	20.4		41.6	17 Jan	10.3		2.1	8 Aug	856.6
Adelaide Plains (district 23A)
Adelaide (Kent Town)	23.5	+1.2	45.0	4 Jan	13.2	+1.0	3.6	19 Jun	507.4	549.4	average	92%
Adelaide Airport	22.6	+1.1	44.1	4 Jan	12.6	+1.2	2.5	19 Jun	432.6	442.0	average	98%
Edinburgh RAAF	23.6	+1.0	45.2	4 Jan	12.1	+1.0	1.2	19 Jun	439.8	430.5	average	102%
Parafield Airport	23.9	+1.6	44.7	4 Jan	12.0	+0.8	0.9	19 Jun	444.2	453.2	average	98%
Roseworthy AWS	24.2		46.0	4 Jan	10.3		1.0	8 Aug	368.0
County Light (district 23B)
Nuriootpa Viticultural	22.2		43.4	4 Jan	9.8		-0.3	20 Aug	451.9
Rosedale (Turretfield Research Centre)	23.7	+1.2	45.6	4 Jan	10.6	+0.6	0.4	20 Aug	472.6	467.3	average	101%
Mount Lofty Ranges (district 23C)
Kuitpo Forest Reserve	19.9		41.0	4 Jan	11.0		2.6	20 Jul	776.8
Mount Barker	20.9	+0.9	42.7	4 Jan	9.7	+1.7	1.2	19 Jun	762.4	764.4	average	100%
Mount Crawford (Mt Crawford AWS)	19.9		41.8	4 Jan	10.3		1.8	20 Jul	686.2
Mount Lofty	17.7		38.5	4 Jan	9.4		0.9	20 Jul	974.6
Noarlunga	22.3		43.4	4 Jan	13.5		5.0	1 Aug	451.0
Parawa (Second Valley Forest AWS)	18.5		39.6	4 Jan	11.1		3.0	20 Jul	947.2
Victor Harbor (Encounter Bay)	21.4		43.8	4 Jan	10.7		0.6	10 Jul	629.2
Upper Murray Valley (district 24A)
Loxton Research Centre	24.9	+1.0	45.0	4 Jan	9.7	+0.7	-2.3	10 Jul	252.8	260.7	average	97%
Renmark Aero	25.7		46.0	4 Jan	9.9		-4.7	10 Jul	212.2
Lower Murray Valley (district 24B)
Eudunda	22.3	+1.3	43.0	4 Jan	10.2	+1.0	0.2	10 Jul	423.8	447.3	average	95%
Meningie	22.0	+1.2	43.0	4 Jan	11.1	+0.9	1.9	20 Jun	531.5	468.7	high	113%
Murray Bridge (Pallamana Aerodrome)	23.7		45.7	4 Jan	9.4		-1.1	4 Oct	272.8
Murray Bridge Comparison	24.4	+1.5	45.6	4 Jan	10.7	+0.8	0.6	10 Jul	346.1	349.7	average	99%
Strathalbyn Racecourse	22.2		43.6	4 Jan	11.1		2.4	20 Jun	465.4
Murray Mallee (district 25A)
Karoonda	24.1		45.6	4 Jan	9.8		-0.5	9 Jul	289.1	341.5	low	85%
Upper Southeast (district 25B)
Keith	23.1	+0.9	44.8	4 Jan	9.7	+0.6	-0.8	25 Jun	409.1	462.2	low	89%
Keith (Munkora)	23.3		46.1	4 Jan	8.4		-2.4	10 Nov	427.8
Lameroo (Austin Plains)	23.7		45.0	4 Jan	9.0		-1.0	10 Jul	268.8
Lameroo Comparison	23.9	+1.0	44.0	4 Jan	10.2	+1.5	0.2	10 Jul	272.0	383.2	low	71%
Lower Southeast (district 26)
Cape Jaffa (The Limestone)	19.9	+0.7	38.6	19 Dec	11.0	+0.7	1.1	25 Jun	626.4
Coonawarra	21.2	+0.8	42.9	4 Jan	8.7	+0.7	-2.8	20 Jun
Mount Gambier Aero	20.2	+1.3	43.6	4 Jan	9.1	+1.0	-0.9	20 Jun	834.0	711.9	high	117%
Naracoorte Aerodrome	21.8		44.6	4 Jan	8.8		-3.0	20 Apr	479.0
Padthaway South	21.9		43.9	4 Jan	9.1		-1.9	25 Jun	525.4
Robe Airfield	20.1		38.7	4 Jan	10.1		-1.1	5 May	687.0
Robe Comparison			34.5	17 Feb	11.9	+1.0	2.3	25 Jun	686.8	632.9	high	109%

Extremes Maps Records Summaries Important notes the top

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